Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Information Science

The following sections are included:

• Editorial
• Table of Contents

Corresponding related expressions of current between d-q axis and stator three phase were derived, then to analyze the impact of characteristic of inductance when there were armature excitation, permanent magnet and incorporating of them. On this basis, influence to inductance considering iron saturation and cross effect was investigated. This paper takes an Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (IPMSM) with 11kW, 380V as example, firstly Ansoft/Maxwell was used to establish the finite element simulation model, then Fixed Permeability Method (FPM) was applied to analyze laws between d-q axis inductance and current which include quadrate axis current, direct axis current and both of them, by the way, laws of d-q axis inductance and rotor position was obtained. This paper is significant for analyzing and designing of PMSM.

Power cable has good electrical properties and has been widely applied in the power grid, and the condition of the cable insulation directly affects the security and stability of power system. To meet the needs of the power system, effectively monitor the cable insulation condition, according to the study of power cable metal sheath layer circulation online monitoring system to monitor the insulation condition of the cable. Analyzing and verifying the feasibility of the system through specific case.

Based on analyzing the main causes and several basic detecting methods for the on-line partial discharge (PD) monitoring of the power cable, the importance of the on-line partial discharge monitoring was strictly confirmed. The difference of the electromagnetic wave transmission characteristic between the cable body and the intermediate joint was discussed in this work, and the transmittal characteristic was studied by analogue simulation. Results indicate that the propagation laws of the electromagnetic wave generated by partial discharge between the cable body and the intermediate joint was different. Therefore, when it comes to the location and detecting of the partial discharge, the influence of the intermediate joint should be considered. Effective measures should be taken to reduce the operation risk of power supply system, and ensure the safety and stability of power system.

With respect to the traditional power load prediction method, characterize data uncertainty as randomness, use the linear expression and mathematical tools such as the probability theory and mathematical statistics to handle and analyze historical data. The model has such problems as incompatibility with complex power systems, low prediction accuracy and slow speed. Analyze the data with the BP neural network method, and predict the power system load by using the feature of approaching nonlinear system [2]. Meanwhile, modularize the network and collect data to realize the effect of real-time prediction so as to make the power load prediction more accurate and quick.

To improve the flexibility of control of charging power supply, a STM32-based digital charging power supply is proposed. Utilizing the PWM generator integrated in STM32 to conduct phase-shift control of the PWM waveform by software, it realizes direct digital control of the PWM signal, zero-voltage-switching of the switch and high-frequency inverter modulation of charging power supply. The constant-current control of charging output is realized through anti-windup PI control algorithm. The experiment result shows that the STM32-based digital charging power supply has the advantage of soft-switching realization, good charging performance, stability and robustness, and fully shows the benefit of STM32 digital control.

Total Transfer Capability (TTC) is an important indicator to characterize system security. It's in an important technique value to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the system, and to guide the operation of the system dispatcher. This paper introduces the basic concepts of TTC, first by using power tracing method, the electricity network is divided into several single power source. Then use the power transmission method to verify the relationship between equivalent node impedance and the power. By the power transmission method to establish the transmission relation between nodes and branches. This paper proposes a new approach to calculate TTC.

Static Frequency Converter (SFC) is one of the important devices in reversible pumped storage power station (G/M), it can drive the speed of the dragged unit from zero to rating smoothly in a short time (usually about 240s), this paper introduce the form, working principle and sequence of the SFC in pumped storage power station, record and analysis the electrical parameters curves of the dragged unit under speed in pump condition.

An optimized design for the permanent magnet moving-coil linear motor which as the electro-hydraulic proportional valve drive, developing this special motor optimal design program using Visual Basie 6.0. Comparative analysis the force power ration,the flux density, the electromagnetic force and velocity with time before and after the optimization process of this motor, in the Maxwell 2D environment. The Structural parameters are obtained of this motor, FEM results show that the combination of the genetic algorithm and finite element numerical calculation has a very good effect on the optimized design of the permanent magnet moving-coil linear motor.

Based on the analysis of the HVDC line, at a given frequency, a great difference of impedance characteristics of DC line area can be observed between external and internal fault. Occurred in the region and external fault, because of the function of the wave reactor and the DC filter, the difference of the current characteristic is significant. In this paper, we did some analysis and comparison of some traditional protection methods and the wavelet protection method after the improvement. This wavelet transform method is highly efficient and reliable, which can provide reference value for subsequent single terminal data protection.

In this paper, through a series of experiments of power drive systems 18650 lithium battery charge and discharge characteristics, charging experiment by constant current module, discharge experiments by constant digital electronic load, through 18650 lithium battery charge and discharge curves and analysis of relevant data , we can get the rules and factors of the 18650 lithium battery charge and discharge characteristics . Finally, analysis problems and solutions of the 18650 lithium battery charge and discharge test.

Now electricity distribution systems operate in a liberalized market. These systems should therefore be able to provide electricity to customers with a high degree of reliability and be cost-effective for suppliers. RCM (Reliability Centered Maintenance) was invented by the aircraft industry in the 1960s, to organize the increasing need for maintenance for reducing costs without reducing b safety. Today RCM methods invented by transformation equipment are seen as very complex and are not fully accepted by the Algerian power industry. The extensive need of human and capital resources in the introduction phase is also a negative factor that could be one of the reasons of why RCM methods are not used in our branch. This article provides a discussion of the two primary objectives of RCM: to ensure safety through preventive maintenance actions, and, when safety is not a concern, preserve functionality in the most economical manner. For the power distribution systems facilities, the mission should be considered at the same level as safety.

For the characteristic that a single class of signal contains insufficient fault information, a method for diagnosing motor faults with multi-class signal fusion that combines generalized discriminant analysis (GDA) and support vector machine (SVM) is designed. First, corresponding spectrum features are respectively extracted from the collected rotor vibration signals and the current signals; the spectrum features of the 2 kinds of signals are combined and the combined feature is performed nonlinear fusion with GDA to obtain the fusion feature; input the GDA fusion feature into the SVM to carry out motor fault diagnosis. Test results show that the fusion feature obtained from this method have the most fault type information as well as strong robustness to both the training sample number and the kernel parameters of classifier such that it has high value of practical application.

In order to optimize system power efficiency, reduce the average cost of power generation and both the supply and users be able to benefit from it, we implement the peak-valley time-of-use tariff. In this paper, based on the response of demand side, we apply semi trapezoid membership function to divide the peak, valley and flat periods of power load curve. Considering the problem of distribution of on-grid electricity in peak, flat, valley period, we should make sure that the supply and the users can both benefit from it. Aiming at cutting a peak to fill valley and minimizing the power load in peak period and the difference between peak and valley, we build the optimal utilization model. The calculation results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the optimization model.

To improve overall performance, average model of the boost converter was built and the principle of the MIT model reference adaptive control (MRAC) was analyzed firstly, based on this, a new control structure of linear outer loop with PI controller and nonlinear inner loop with MIT MRAC controller was proposed. Design method of 2nd-order reference model was proposed, and other key problems in design of the control system were discussed also. All conclusions and the proposed control scheme were verified by simulation results finally.

To improve accuracy and speed of a power quality monitoring device, the monitoring device with field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as the core of processing and controlling is designed. The hardware of the device includes signal acquisition unit, communication unit, power supply unit, etc; the software includes an NIOS II embedded core, optimizing the flow of data processed parallel, and Phase-locked frequency multiplication module and FFT harmonic analysis module implementing the synchronous sampling and analysis of power quality data are built. Test results show that the device has advantages of fast response, high accuracy and satisfactory real-time performance, and conforms to the national standards of power quality monitoring.

Besides the function of keeping the current injected into the grid having the same frequency and phase with the voltage of grid, photovoltaic grid-connected system must have the ability of perfect islanding detection. Once the island phenomenon occurs and wasn't cut off from the photovoltaic grid-connected system in time, it may result in damage of the equipment and threaten personal safety. Considering the severity of island phenomenon, the islanding detection should be rapid and accurate, as well as taking into account of the power quality. This paper proposes a novel feedback active frequency drift method (AFD), which is based on positive feedback of the change of active power. This method adds the change of active power into the frequency deviation, thus, the frequency deviation of point of common coupling is accelerated, and the time of islanding detection is shortened.

The concept of smart distribution grid (SDG) is put forward to cope with environmental problems and provide higher quality electrical energy to users. To begin with, three main characteristics of SDG including the granted access to a large number of distribution generations, self healing, and active interaction with various power users are introduced in this paper which are superior to those of the traditional distribution grid. Then, some key technologies applied to achieve those characteristics are analyzed. Finally, the key challenges and development tendencies of SDG are discussed which refer the universal energy network and the active distribution network as the two main development tendencies. SDG is the result of the intellectualization of the traditional distribution grid, and it will be the inexorable trend in the future development of distribution grid.

In order to achieve low-frequency, multi-direction vibration energy reliably recovery and utilization, a multi-direction vibration energy harvester (MDVEH) based on the piezoelectric effect is presented. This paper introduces mainly the structural design, working principle, and test of the prototype. Theoretical analysis shows that the MDVEH's electric performance is commonly decided by the environmental vibration frequency, amplitude, proof mass, structure parameters of piezoelectric vibrator, spring stiffness and so on. It can achieve its intended function only when all factors are configured appropriately. Test prototype is fitted to the shaker table and tested in different excitation frequencies, amplitudes and proof masses. The test shows that the MDVEH can work in different directions of vibration, there is an optimum operating frequency about 13Hz, in which MDVEH can generate the maximum voltage about 15V, and within a certain range, the output voltage increases with the rise of the proof mass and the amplitude.

This paper proposes a current-mode low bandgap reference voltage circuit with low temperature coefficient and independent of supply voltage for applications to low voltage power management integrated circuits. This proposed circuit is design and implemented using the TSMC 0.18μm 1P6M CMOS process technology. Based on simulated and measured results , the chip size is 0.58303 × 0.50206mm² with power dissipation about 0.43mW , and the operation temperature range form − 20°C to 100°C with temperature coefficient about 15 ppm/ °C. The chip supply voltage can from 1.0V to 1.8V with PSRR about 85dB, and its output reference voltage can stable at 0.59mV.

Due to the rigor of location condition of DC earth electrode field and the difficulty of the site conditions and the difficulty of the land requisition, there may be rivers and lakes near the DC earth electrode field. In this paper, a DC pole which has a river near the DC earth electrode field is established in CDEGS, the electric field intensity and the current flowing through human body in the river are calculated, the safety of the human in the river is analyzed, and the influence of the electrical resistivity of water in the river on the electric field strength of the water is analyzed. According to the results of calculation, when HVDC system under the operation of mono-polar grounding circuit, the electric field intensity in the rivers and lakes can't meet the requirements of regulation, but it can guarantee the safety of human body, because of the difficulty of relocation, it is recommended that the land of DC earth electrode field can be enclosed in a railing and the underwater part can be enclosed in the net.

Several methods for measuring or estimating error for large current transformer are analyzed in this paper. The methods investigated include the equal ampere-turns method, the low-current deduction method, the low-voltage deduction method and the computer simulation method based on artificial neural network (ANN). Subsequently the advantages and disadvantages, the mathematical modelling and the scope of application of these methods are analyzed and compared. Meanwhile, the prospects of development and the problems to be solved at present of different measurement methods are identified. The analysis and results will provide a reference for the development of the relevant standards in the future.

As the research, the factors affecting power quality includes the parameters of distribution network and the charging mode. In the paper, we make the establishment of a charging station and analyze power quality via Matlab/Simulink. Considering the problem of large workload of Matlab/Simulink and different distribution network, we use GA-BPalgorithm to predict power quality. In the end, we use the analytic hierarchy process to make evaluation of power quality prediction and give coordinated charging suggestion. The results of example show the rationality of this model and method.

The charging method of batteries used in electric vehicles (EVs) significantly affects its commercial application. This paper aims to make some contributions to the existing literature. This paper analyzed the rapid charging method about the Lead-acid battery. Firstly the battery model was established with the experiment result. The rapid charging method with fuzzy control was applied in the paper and the charging experiment result shows that the batteries can be changed more 14Ah than the normal charging method.

Factors affecting the power transmission and transformation project cost savings rate is more and complex relation between indicators, resulting in cost of a larger gap the cost budget and final accounts. In this paper, starting from the individual cost analysis of transmission cost, based on grey correlation analysis to build the surplus rate influence index correlation. Through statistical history engineering cost data of certain province and consulting experts to select the major effect of the surplus rate index as an original analysis set, the correlation for the balance rate, calculate each index, in turn, correlation sort, relational sequence can be analyzed by various factors and the close degree of balance rate to provide basis for managers to control the project cost.

This paper introduced mainly the basic principles of detecting debonding of honeycomb structure that used infrared thermal wave technology, established the debonding defect model of honeycomb structure, analyzed the influence which the choice of thermal excitation method and parameter settings to defects that can be detected, found the optimal choice basis of heated argument under variety of incentives, the analytical results provided some basis for formulating accurate infrared non-destructive testing program of the honeycomb structure debonding.

Vertical-cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) is the important source for optical networks-on-chip (ONoC). Research on dynamics of VCSEL is very important. We review our theoretical analyses on the nonlinear dynamics of a 1550-nm VCSEL with positive optoelectronic feedback (POEF) based on the spin-flip model extended to account for the optoelectronic feedback. A mapping of dynamical states is presented in the parameter space of feedback delay time and feedback strength, where different states are identified and shown. A bifurcation diagram of the extrema of output peak series versus the feedback delay time is also plotted. By varying the delay time of the feedback loop, the 1550-nm VCSEL subject to POEF follows a quasiperiodic route to chaos, where the various nonlinear dynamical behaviors including regular pulsing, quasiperiodic pulsing and chaotic pulsing are numerically observed.

Under the condition of steady-state power flow of electric network being known, this paper traces the power flow of multiple generators on the basis of classical circuit theory. Through the analysis on the transmission relationship of the tracking results, the power transmission path of each generator is obtained, then it turns out that power component of each generator in the same branch is transmitted in parallel. The analysis on the power transmission characteristics, in one hand, connects the power information scattered in each brand in series and formats an organic whole of energy transmission relationship; on the other hand, proves the hypothesis on the form of power injection theoretically and provides the theoretical support for the study of issues related to electric market.

It's quite important to do deburring work well in the process of mechanical piece production. This paper introduces a burr detection system based on machine vision, which can detect the position of the workpieces' burrs. It can improve the efficiency of deburring work. This system not only uses the burr detection algorithm, but also introduces the sorting algorithm of useless contours. By using these two algorithms, the system can remove the interference of errors, which makes it effective.

Based on the research on optical fiber gyro realize robot precision localization system, the composition of the robot positioning system were introduced first, and then introduced the basic principle of optical fiber gyro and performance indicators. Finally, the parameter was tested of fiber optic gyroscope. Results show that the fiber optic gyro parameters satisfy the requirement of the robot positioning.

In the wideband intermediate-frequency (IF) signal, there exist several sub-band signals whose number, bandwidths and locations are unknown and time variant. A method of dynamic channelization is proposed. The minimal bandwidth gap among the signals estimated by spectral analysis determines the channel number of modulated filter bank, and then a prototype filter based on interpolated FIR filter (IFIR) is designed to construct an analysis filter bank. It meets the near perfect reconstruction condition. The location of the sub-band signals is determined by the energy detection, and the corresponding synthesis filter bank is designed to reconstruct signal. When the variation of sub-band signals takes place, the new prototype filter will be acquired by changing the stretch factor and the interpolator filter without iterative optimization. The dynamic channelization when the number of sub-channel varies can be achieved. Theory analysis and computer simulation verify the feasibility of the new method.

The curtain phased array antenna has the advantages of high gain, wide coverage of communication. But HRS4/4/0.5 is high at the erection in the practical application, and raised the cost. If HRS/6/2/0.5 curtain antenna used in the practical application, nearly half of height can be reduced, the number of array element can be decreased, and cost can be reduced. It analysis whether HRS6/2/0.5 and HRS4/4/0.5 is similar in long distance communication.

An enhanced recycling folded cascode structure is proposed to enhance the gain of the operational amplifier with an auxiliary amplifier and no additional poles. This enhancement was achieved by introducing negative conductance. Under the supply voltage of 1.2V, the OTA was simulated by Spectre in TSMC 90nm CMOS technology. The results show that, the enhanced amplifier get a DC gain enhancement of 40dB compared with the conventional folded cascode. In addition, the gain-bandwidth also obtains 108.9% improvement, which also leads to a better slew rate performance.

In this paper, a magnetic navigation system of Unmanned Electric Vehicle (UEV) was described. In the magnetic navigation system, the layout of the magnetic sensor array is important, it is needed to determine the installation height of the magnetic sensor array, the horizontal interval of each magnetic sensor, and the interval of adjacent magnetic markers. To solve this problem, this paper analyses the magnetic field distribution of magnetic marker, and the actual conditions of UEV, then a layout method is presented at last, which is verified by experimental results.

In the field of environmental corrosion monitoring, there is a kind of corrosion monitor instrument designed to sensibly and quickly monitor the corrosion of environment. Corrosion monitor instrument based on a novel coupon-type electrical resistance probe, which including 4 coupons, two of them exposed in corrosion environmental and two sealed in epoxy for monitoring the environmental corrosion rates and deviations. Corrosion monitor instrument adopts the technology of Multi-channel switching measurement for the total coupons of resistance to temperature compensation, for the sake of elimination the temperature influence to monitoring environmental corrosion. Eventually corrosion monitor instrument accurately and rapidly realize online monitoring the environmental corrosion.

A microstrip Gysel power divider (PD) with arbitrary power dividing ratio based on uniform characteristic impedance of transmission lines is presented in this paper. By using transmission line theory, the design equations are derived to determine the proposed circuit parameters. For verification, two 2 GHz experimental circuits with power dividing ratio of 2:1 and 3:1, respectively, are designed, fabricated and measured. The measured results show return losses are better than 25dB, isolations are better than 20 dB, and insertion losses are about 1.82 dB / 4.97 dB for the first PD and 1.46 dB / 6.47 dB for the second PD at 2 GHz, which are in good agreements with the simulated ones.

A novel feature extraction method with global-locally preserving projections based on multi-scale transform (MGLPP) is proposed. The proposed method consists of the following steps. First, the original images are decomposed using curvelet transform into several elements. Second, the proposed GLPP algorithm is applied to the curvelet coefficients of detailed levels to determine the optimal projection vector W. Finally, the distance between the training samples and testing samples in low-dimensional space is calculated to recognize and classify the target. Moreover, the introduction of degree of belonging functions of the fuzzy c-means (FCM) method to the proposed MGLPP method aims to identify the k neighbors of each sample. The experimental results demonstrate that the MGLPP method performs better in dimensionality reduction and recognition accuracy than the traditional principal component analysis (PCA) and local preserving projection algorithms (LPP).

Aiming at the issue of constrained optimization problem of assignment for ship-to-air missile system, hybrid genetic algorithm has been proposed in this paper, which can get global optimization results of the assignment, and provide decision support for the assignment.

To improve the performance of the echo cancellation for hearing aids, one double step normalized least mean square - notch filter (DSNLMS-NF) algorithm is proposed. When the echo path is relatively stable, the echo signal is estimated by using the normalized least mean square (NLMS) algorithm and subtracted it from the input signal. When howls occur, the DSNLMS-NF algorithm decreases the step to stabilize the howling frequency and the notch filter with this frequency is dynamically generated based on FFT algorithm to restrain howls. Compared with other echo cancellation algorithms for the hearing aid, the comprehensive performance of DSNLMS-NF is the best. Furthermore, the quality of speech generated by the algorithm is high and the operation time is shorter, which is suitable for the low-power consumption and small volume products such as hearing aids.

Embedded ARM devices are suffering from the increasing threat caused by Bootkit seriously. Due to the limitation of traditional Bootkit detection techniques, this paper presents an underlying firmware detection method based on J-Link. We establish an attack model of embedded ARM devices considering the key methods of Bootkit attacks and conduct a proof of concept. Given the system booting process and loop identification, our method takes advantage of the information obtained in the process of tracking system booting, and monitors the stages of bootloader and kernel startup. Results show that our method can detect embedded ARM device Bootkit for severe types of embedded devices effectively.

Many ultrasonic parameters have been verified to be effective for pure metal or alloy creep inspection. However, these parameters cannot provide adequate sensitivity for weldments creep inspection. It is mainly because of the mono-non-creep standard used in the inspecting procedures. To deal with the complicated microstructure and anisotropy of weldments, a multi-non-creep standard inspecting method named non-creep feature space projection was suggested. This method used all the non-creep inspecting signals to generate a linear space, and calculated distance between any inspecting signal and this space by projection algorithm. Then the distance value could be used to assess creep status, i.e. the larger the distance is, the more serious the creep damage is. This method was verified with pure lead specimen and P91 weldments specimen. Experiments' results showed that the non-creep feature space projection method had a good potential for weldments creep inspection.

The thesis introduces mine methane gas alarm by researching QM-N5 air-sensitive sensor, utilizing QM-N5 air-sensitive sensor collects the gaseous concentration, and miner's lamp battery provides it power supply. This alarm applies to the coal mine environment with methane gas, when the gaseous concentration exceeded in mines, it can alarm opportunely. The thesis also introduces the matters needing attention of QM-N5 air-sensitive sensor, in order to use this sensor and device better.

Anti-interference capability evaluation of torpedo fuze is very practical. The index system for evaluation anti-interference capability of torpedo fuze is established based on the torpedo fuze working principle. The weight of index for evaluation is worked out by using analytic hierarchy process. Then the evaluation model of anti-interference capability of torpedo fuze is put forward. The factual example shows that the proposed method can evaluate anti-interference capability of torpedo fuze and have great meaning for reference.

Field investigation is an important job for scientists and staff of nature reserve. The traditional method for filed investigation is observing animals or plants outside, measuring related data, filling out paper forms in field, and typing into computer for statistics and analysis. This method is error-prone and inefficient. Intelligent mobile terminals running Android system become popular in recent years. They are portable and powerful. In this paper, we implemented a field investigation system based on Android. With this system, people working in filed can record data easily and store data into database automatically. Meanwhile, this system can integrate tracks with photos, videos and audios to illustrate human activity in detail. This system has been put to use and is welcomed by users from Qinghai Normal University. At the end of this paper, we look forward the future work.

Steel mesh is a common electromagnetic protection material, cheap and durable. Taking Curtain antenna for example, and exploring on the distance from the steel mesh and the antenna, the height of the steel mesh, and steel mesh density. we must ensure that the radiation of steel mesh for antenna is small, and obtain large suppression on field strength, so as to provides practical reference for radiation protection of the high power shortwave antenna.

The traditional mobile database model in Ad hoc network may bring about the problems such as apparent increase in the number of transaction conflicts, increase in communication costs, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the current mobile database model. In the meantime, the paper puts forward data synchronization and algorithms such as transaction redo etc. to enable mobile host to get access to the database efficiently and correctly. The experimental results showed that the new mobile database model has good stability.

Due to the large propagation delay and low data rates of underwater acoustic channel, the design of media access control (MAC) protocols in underwater acoustic sensor networks (UWASNs) faces many challenges. In these circumstances, MAC protocols designed for terrestrial networks cannot be directly used in UWASNs. Moreover, the large propagation delay causes a serious hidden terminal problem for MAC protocols. In this paper, we proposed a novel MAC protocol based on the MACA-BI protocol, which uses receiver driven handshaking mechanism. It is shown that by using adaptive transmission time and adaptive back-off time, our protocol can solve the hidden terminal problem and improve the channel utilization. The results of simulation are given, which shows that our protocol outperforms in network throughput and end to end delay.

The dynamic parameter of motor is an important basis for evaluating the quality of motor as well as a precondition for diagnosing its faults. The real-time motor dynamic parameter monitoring system presented in this paper is aiming at improving the flexibility of motor dynamic parameter acquisition and the convenience and reliability of data storage. The hardware is designed with CC2530 as the core integrating sensor signal acquiring circuits, an embedded controller, Flash storage and a LCD display, etc. In software design, Software realized ZStack protocol stack based wireless communication program, self customized embedded WinCE OS, transplanted embedded SQlite database on WinCE and realized data reading and writing operations. The test result shows that the mean packet drop ratio of the ZigBee network is 0.375%, the maximum deviation of temperature measuring is 0.7°C, the maximum deviation of vibration measuring is 0.9mm/s, the maximum deviation of current measuring is 0.8A, the maximum deviation of rotated speed measuring is 12r/Min.

Based on a generalized synchronization (GS) theorem of discrete chaotic systems, this paper introduces an 8-dimensional discrete chaotic GS system. Simulations show that the trajectories of the GS system have significant characteristics of chaotic attractor. Using the GS system designs a 2¹⁶ number string chaotic pseudorandom number generator (CPRNG). The FIPS 140-2 test suit/generalized FIPS 140-2 test suit are used to test the randomness of three 1000-key streams consisting of 20000 bits generated by the CPRNG , the RC4 algorithm and the ZUC algorithm, respectively. The test results confirm that there are 100%/98.6%, 99.9%/98.8%, 100%/97.9% key streams passing the tests, respectively. Numerical simulations suggest that there are no significant correlations between the key stream and the perturbed key stream. The key space of the CPRNG is larger than 2¹¹⁹⁵. Using the CPRNG and a stream encryption scheme with avalanche effect (SESAE) encrypts a text. The results suggest that the CPRNG is able to generate the avalanche effects which are similar to those generated via ideal CPRNGs.

In this paper, a novel timing synchronization algorithm for Hexagonal Multicarrier Transmission (HMT) system based on the maximizing Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (Max-SINR) criterion is proposed. The closed form Max-SINR timing offset expressions of the prototype pulse for HMT receiver over DD channel is derived. Simulation results show that the proposed Max-SINR timing offset outperforms traditional first path scheme and obtains an approximation to the theoretical upper bound SINR performance within the full range of channel spread factor. Moreover, the proposed Max-SINR timing synchronization scheme obtains an about 2dB bit error rate (BER) performance gain at SNR=20dB. Meanwhile, the SINR performance of the proposed Max-SINR timing synchronization scheme is robust to the channel RMS delay spread estimation errors.

Continuing medical education (CME) is an effective way for practicing physicians to acquire up-to-date clinical information. Telemedicine is a new way of delivering health care to people, particularly in remote areas. However, there is little information available in the literature regarding the past and present of telemedicine, the study is to evaluate the state of telemedicine in Germany. Materials and Methods: A literature review of tele-education in Germany was undertaken. The development of the tele-education services at University of Dresden in Germany from 2005 to present is described. The approaches taken are compared with current teaching on eHealth implementation and a retrospective design-reality gap analysis is made. Results: Tele-education has been in use in Germany since the 1970s. Several forms of tele-education are in place at the medical schools and in some Provincial Departments of Health (DOH). Despite initial attempts by the National DOH, there are no national initiatives in tele-education. At University of Dresden in Germany, a tele-education service has been running since 2005 and appears to be sustainable and reaching maturity, with over 1,400 h of videoconferenced education offered per year. The service has expanded to offer videoconferenced education using different ways of delivering tele-education. Conclusions: What it apparent is that it improves access to education and training in resource constrained settings. The development of local and international tele-education has not followed, what is currently considered to be best practice but shows how programs can develop if there is a real need and the solution assists in meeting the need.

This paper presents a new biometric approach to online personal identification using palm vein recognition technology. The system consists of two parts: a novel device for online palm vein image acquisition and an efficient algorithm for fast palm vein recognition. A data acquisition device were designed to capture the palm vein images under near-infrared (NIR) illuminations in less than 1 s. The feature extraction algorithm of palm vein image was Independent Component Analysis. Palm vein image matrix was projected to a new subspace based on Independent Component Analysis directly, the Euclidean distance of the projection matrix was calculated, nearest distance for classification was sought. The experiment was done in a self-build palm vein database. Firstly, this paper tested the proposed method by different component numbers, then compared the identification performance with the other typical palm vein recognition methods such as Gabor, SIFT, PCA+LPP. The experimental results show that this method can be applied online for fast speed and it has advantage in recognition performance.

The paper mainly studies a kind of network simulation technology when it is necessary to offer terminal guidance for the sake of having multiple missile work cooperatively. To overcome the vulnerabilities of cooperative terminal guidance, which include frequent variation of network topology and complex traffic, a novel TDMA time-slot assignment scheme and synchronization alignment methods are brought forward. Moreover, a simulated model based on data-link networks is developed using OPNET [4] software. In accordance with the HLA distributed simulation principals, a repeated data-link network simulation system is accomplished to meet the need of accurate strike under the cooperative terminal guidance.

It is necessary to choose reasonable sensor for the system of PHM. We can choose reasonable sensors based on environment of the system and the actual situation, at the same time, we must pay attention to choose the reasonable plan as a whole in order to make the system of sensor the best effect. The excellent system of sensor can obtain effective running status data, high precision. Otherwise, the system may cause a lot of invalid data, loss of critical data or reduce the data accuracy. Accordingly, the system of PHM is established on the basis of a wrong data that it couldn't achieve optimal results.

In order to improve the quality and yield of greenhouse tomatoes, this system apply the expert system and network technology, developed expert system of greenhouse tomato based on Web, using c #, asp.net and SQL Server etc development method, integrate the existing data resources, realize the expert of tomato growth and pest control decision-making management and relevant technical consultation etc., improve the tomato plant for greenhouse was an intelligent management platform.

Compressed sensing is a theory developed in recent years. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces the theory of compressed sensing, which focuses on distributed compressed sensing theory on WSN Based on geographic relevance. It is an effective way to reduce the amount of data transfer that by compressing datain the Power Information Collection System which has the large range of the sensor nodes. Secondly, we compressed the data of the network based on the distributed compressed sensing theory and geographic relevance,which has achieved the desired results.

By virtualization and service mode on demand of cloud computing, software engineering based on cloud computing should adapt new mode and method. How to combine traditional software development and deployment with cloud computing platform is still an indefinite problem. To resolve the problem in software development based on cloud computing, software engineering concept and properties are illustrated, and the software engineering methods and strategies are discussed and analyzed, and the implement application development and testing are performed. Through the software engineering based on cloud computing research and practice, some valuable strategies and methods are proposed, and the result shows that software engineering based on cloud computing has much benefits in software development flow and methods.

In this paper, Designed and implemented a 12 port multi-banked register file in Nangate 45nm CMOS dual-well technology. The register file adopted improved memory cell, multi-banked structure and power-gating technology, it can complete 8 read operations and 4 write operations in one clock cycle. Post-layout simulation was completed under the condition of 1v power supply and 1GHz clock frequency, the worst delay is 324ps, total power consumption is 18.9mw. Compared with conventional design method, write 0 latency decreased 52.7%, total power decreased 68.1%, silicon area increased 16.3%.

Method of backward power flow tracing based on separation of power supply path is proposed for getting the relationship of each power quantity in distribution network. The key to realize separation of power supply path of load is to compute the equivalent impedance in each branch of each load. Using the node voltage and load current compute and establish a new form of impedance matrix, the equivalent impedance matrix. The loss of each branch caused by each load and the flow of load power can be calculated based on the calculation the equivalent impedance. Therefore, it can provide the basis for practical problems such as network loss allocation. The case study shows that, the network loss calculated by separation of power supply path method is match with the original power flow, provide a new calculation method for the research of backward tracing.

Magnetic random-access memory (MRAM) is a kind of desirable emerging memory, which promises non-volatility, high storage density, fast access speed and strong radiation resistivity. However, due to the immature fabrication process, reliability is a significant issue for emerging MRAM technology. In the paper, we propose and implement a MRAM reliability test platform and perform a series of tests of MRAM on this platform to evaluate MRAM reliability in terms of temperature variation, and supply voltage variation. The test results dictate the effectiveness of our proposed testing platform and illustrate relevant reliability metrics of current MRAM technology.

Most of the human body tracking algorithm is not applicable because of false recognition of position of human body. Depth tracking algorithm is designed to solve this problem according to the depth information of human motion based on Kinect sensor. By the analysis of Kinect depth map information, we distinguish the contour of the human body, extract the foreground area and reconstruct the depth histograms of the target area. Based on the depth histogram analysis, the position of joints of human body is obtained The experimental results show that the algorithm to extract the target feature is accurate and robust with avoiding the illumination changes and background under similar circumstances. The research is helpful for doctors to judge the status of fracture patients after operation.

This paper presents the design scheme of arbitrary system counter by the integrated counter chip, and gives the simulated results based on Proteus.

ACFM is a kind of non-destructive testing technique based on electromagnetic induction principle, whose operation is so simple that can rapidly find surface and near surface defects. However, the interface software of ACFM instrument produced at home needed to run on a computer or laptop for further data analysis and waveform display, which was no convenient for special occasions, such as testing of pressure vessel, large entertainment equipment. In order to develop the advantages of the real-time detection of ACFM, this paper proposes an ACFM interface software based on Android, which can be loaded in portable devices running on Android system and can be operated through the touch screen .Just open Wifi to connect wireless probe can start testing.

In order to solve the Web Service Transaction Management, the author proposed and realized a kind of compensation-based transaction mechanism, which developed the Transaction engine. It takes advantage of pre-compensation and WS-Transaction specification s' two-phase commitment to parse the database operation statements participant transaction, to do a scene preservation possible changes in the database, and generating the statement set for compensation automatically. When need to cancel the transaction, the management center will rollback automatically according to the client vote and compensate information, which can better solve the problem of Web Service transactions.

Most of current multi-channel image matching methods carry out the matching process actually only on single channel images that fused from multi-channel images beforehand, instead of multi-channel joint matching. In this paper, a real multi-channel joint matching method of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images based on hypercomplex number is proposed. Compared with the previous methods, the method makes more use of the polarization information during matching process, and there are two novelties. First, a hypercomplex number form of polarimetric SAR image is proposed. Second, the hypercomplex phase correlation algorithm is induced to realize the multi-channel joint matching of polarimetric SAR images. Experiment using measured polarimeric SAR images at multi-band demonstrated that the proposed joint matching method can achieve the precise matching and the matching probability can reach 97.92%.

A method for the detection of genetically modified components (GMCs) is reported for detection of GMCs in rice plants and foods using a membrane-based array. A DNA sequence as probes was immobilized on modified paper film-chips to form the sensing array surface. The target DNA from sample was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using labeled biotin primers. The PCR products were added to the sensing surface using an automatic membrane-based array instrument (MAI). When the target DNA passed the surface, it was captured by the complementary probes. The signal was visualized with a streptavidin/alkaline phosphatase (AP) and AP color development kit. Compared to manual dot blotting, the MAI could automatically and rapidly finish several GMC types of rice detection, such as BT11, TC1507, Mon88017, and Mon89034. Stable and consistent qualitative results were acquired. The sensitivity reached 0.1%. Thus, the automatic MAI might be a valuable GMC detection tool.

In the era of big data, the traditional data storage and computing mode can't meet the growing demand of mass data, and the emergence of Hadoop technology is a good solution to this problem. Hadoop is a software framework for distributed processing of large amounts of data, the core components including HDFS and Map/Reduce, and has the advantages of high reliability, high scalability, high efficiency and high fault tolerance. Now Hadoop has been used by many enterprises to build their own data processing platform. Based on the studies of some basic Hadoop big data processing cases, this paper cards a Hadoop-based big data processing architecture, and specifically optimizes the issues of HDFS for storing small files.

Object-based storage is a kind of cloud storage technology, with better data sharing, better security, better intelligence. Mass storage system consists of thousands of devices, and gradually extended to form, therefore, the data placement is one of the key problems in the efficient organization of storage devices. Although consistent hashing has the good adaptability, but it need to increase the number of virtual nodes in heterogeneous environment. This paper introduces the hierarchical data placement algorithm, and improves the consistent hashing and improves the setting weight method and the clustering method.

To protect the confidentiality and integrity of network digital images, a security image transmission method based on data segmentation STDDS was proposed in the paper. Firstly, the image was divided into segments and encrypted by groups of non-linear encryptions to generate secrets and check sums; the received secrets were verified by the recipient to detect illegal modification. The corresponding two sides dynamically calculated the encryption variables through pre-deployed hash functions, which avoids leaks due to the simultaneously transmission of cipher text and encryption variables. In addition, even if some cipher text was corrupted during the transmission, the plaintext could also be recovered by the redundancy secrets, which ensures the data availability. STDDS has good scalability, such that the data segmentation and polynomial encryption does not depend on the type and structure of the original data, thus STDDS can be combined with other security schemes based on the demands,. Simulation results demonstrated that, compared with traditional Arnold scrambling, chaotic encryption, the data confidentiality can be achieved by STDDS with a smaller time cost, and the integrity and availability of data can be greatly improved in the case of strong noise and data lost.

In order to filter out the speckle noise in the imaging process of SAR system, this paper puts forward a kind of comprehensive partial differential equation based on P-M andt he high order equation LLT, The algorithm takes advantage of the P - M equation which retains the characteristics of the image edge. Also the high order equation LLT method can recover the smooth area of the SAR image and avoid the block effect. This experiment shows that the combining model can complement each other, which would be a better solution to filter out the speckle noise and maintain the image detail.

Testability is a characteristic of a system or a device to check its status and isolate its inner faults. To check whether the testability meets the requirement before acceptance, testability demonstration is usually conducted by injecting faults into the equipment. However, with the increasing scale and integration of the equipment system, manual testability demonstration takes too much time and man power. To automate the process of the testability demonstration and overcome the data share obstacles, this paper proposed a testability-demonstration software platform based on fault injection. For ten years, our ATS software VITE (Virtual Instrument Test Environment) has been widely used in the aircraft industry. Based on the software, a testability demonstration software platform is proposed to automate the testability demonstration process and realize data sharing. The platform includes the fault sample allocation software (FSAS), the master control software (MCS), the fault injection software (FIS), and the data monitor software (DMS). The practical application has proved that the software platform is able to decline the test time and improve the efficiency significantly.

Medium and long-term load forecasting is a complex system. The characteristics of the influencing factors with diversity, uncertainty, etc. Such as economic factors, social factors, energy market structure, energy consumption, Electricity elasticity coefficient. This article selection of support vector machine (SVM), which is the core of the medium and long-term load forecasting is presented, using particle swarm optimization (PSO) and cross validation optimization of the modified algorithm to optimize the parameters of the SVM, in a variety of macro factors and historical load as input for load forecasting.

Fractional pixel motion estimation (FPME) and fractional pixel interpolation (FPI) account for relatively significant amount of computational time in video coding. Fewer search positions FPME checks, the lesser fractional pixels have to be interpolated. Thus, developing fast FPME algorithms is equivalent to save computation on FPME and FPI. Most of fast FPME algorithms are dedicated to motion vector prediction for finding an optimized position to start the successive search. However, these algorithms overlook the minimal cost prediction which can stop the refinement search as early as possible. In this paper, we propose a dual prediction based algorithm for FPME. Spatial and temporal correlations of neighboring blocks are being used to predict motion vectors as well as the optimal costs. According to our experiments, the algorithm not only achieves significant speedup but also provides good R-D performance compared with other algorithms.

The paper is aims to provide a solution to the hardware system of vehicle simulator, by providing the simplest approach of solving the kinematics analysis of the 3 degree-of-freedom RPS fully parallel manipulator and authenticating the result by simulation. The combination of joints is used to realize highly precise operation. Linear input is applied to the prismatic joints to drive each limb in the system. Three displacement equations of the active joints are addressed. A study through simulation using MATLAB package is provided for a position and orientation of the limbs and the platform given in the task-space.

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the word. The assessment of the colorectal cancer is determined by the clinical stage which denotes the number of lymph nodes with metastatic cancer and the identification of metastatic sites in other organs. While the cancer genes associated with colorectal cancer have been characterized, less is known about the identity of special cancer genes that are responsible for advanced clinical stage and metastasis. To characterize genetic aberration in colorectal cancer, we conducted a Block-sparse nonnegative matrix factorization with L₂₁-norm (Block-sparse NMF L₂₁) analysis of multiple genomic data which include mutation, DNA copy number, promoter methylation, messenger RNA and microRNA expression from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). With the analysis of the method, we ranked the genes by the scores and identified a set of top gene predictors of advanced clinical stage. The results demonstrate that the analysis of integrated data through block-sparse NMF L₂₁ is more comprehensive.

This paper introduces a 4-dimensional discrete chaotic system with one-line equilibria (DCSLE). Based on the chaotic system and generalized chaos synchronization (GCS) theorem, an 8-dimensional DCSLE GCS system is constructed. The DCSLE GCS system is used to design a chaotic pseudorandom number generator (CPRNG). The FIPS 140-2 test suit / generalized FIPS 140-2 test suit are used to test the randomness of the 1000-key streams consisting of 20,000 bits generated by the CPRNG, the RC4 algorithm and the ZUC algorithm, respectively. The test results confirm there are 100% / 99.2%, 99.9% / 98.8%, 100% / 97.9% key streams passing the tests. Numerical simulations suggest that there are no significant correlations between the key streams and the perturbed key streams generated by the CPRNG. The key space of the CPRNG is larger than 21195. The CPGNG and an avalanche effect encryption scheme are used to encrypt an RGB image. The results demonstrate that the CPRNG is able to generate the avalanche effects which are similar to those generated via ideal CPRNGs.

Injection attack is still a serious form of threat to system security. This paper presents an instruction randomization technique based on compilation to effectively prevent code injection attacks. We analyze instruction format and create rules to replace or recover instructions. During compilation, our methods transform instructions according to the random replacement rules and generate the protected target programs. When executing, the protected program is recovered on a runtime code manipulation system in accordance with recovery rules. Results show that our method can correctly capture instructions and effectively thwart injection attacks while introducing an extra runtime overhead of 33% on average compared with execution without protection on the runtime code manipulation system.

This paper discusses the software for digitization and measurement of astronomical plate. Only by using the advanced commercial scanner, the plate can't be digitized in FITS format but in TIFF format. This software can convert TIFF file to FITS file and add some important keywords in the FITS header. This software can also gives the user a way to automatic measure the digitized image of astronomical plate in batch mode. The measurement of an image is done in three steps: identification of stars, elimination of spurious detections, centering of stars.

For the problem that when doing image segment, the object extraction is susceptible to interference. Based on the saliency map and the model of human retinal receptive field, this paper presents a new method forimage segment. By calculating the map of gazing points gotten using the Kinect, based on human retinal receptive field model, the comprehensive fusion map is obtained, so as to determine the limited area of the segment. Several experiments are done by the method put forward in this paper and the experimental results show that the algorithm is able to solve the problem of susceptible to interference in target segment, while ensuring robustness and meeting the real-time and accuracy needed. And the algorithm in this paper not only improves the speed and robustness on the promise of guaranteeing the segmenting accuracy, but also gives attribution to the field of image segmenting.

A encryption scheme is proposed by using of discrete multiple-parameter fractional Fourier transform. Therefore,the purpose of the paper is to encrypt three images to one image by theta modulation. Three original images were multiplexed into a complex image by utilizing theta modulation after every image being modulated by sinusoidal amplitude grating. The method of encoding three images was multiplying the complex signal by a pixel scrambling operation and random phase mask, and then encrypting by a discrete multiple-parameter fractional Fourier transform. While it could be decrypted using the correct pixel scrambling, random phase mask and the parameters in discrete multiple-parameter fractional Fourier transform. In conclusion, numerical simulations have been done to prove the validity and the security of the proposed method. In this paper, we present a novel three-image encryption algorithm. The computer simulation results show that the algorithm has good performance, can decrypt these three images exactly.

Lake and its drainage basin is an important place for human survival, and the protection of the lake is an important part of environmental protection. Research and establish the information management system of Lake classifying protected areas based on GIS, considerate and plan the lake eutrophication comprehensively by using information technology, on the basis of river basin comprehensive sewage interception, high intensity of pollution, to make artificial intervention and macro control of the restoration of the lake ecosystem.

Aiming at open vehicle routing problem (OVRP) with many extended features is widely used in actual life, multi-depot heterogeneous open incident vehicle routing problem with soft time windows (MDHIVRPSTW) mathematical model is established. An improved ant colony optimization (IACO) is proposed for solving this model. The proposed IACO has been tested on a new 32-customer instance. The experimental results show that IACO is superior to other three algorithms, thus the proposed method is effective and feasible, and the proposed model is better than VRP model.

This paper proposes a transmission line overload assessment model and optimization control method based on transmission line overload risk. It uses probabilistic power flow (PPF) and cumulant method to analyze the uncertainty of system statuses and line flow, applies the severity function to describe the impact of transmission line load fluctuations and its result. Based on that, as an indicator of power system security, overload risk index is defined as the product of the probability and the severity of transmission line overload. A preventive control model was used to optimize the outputs of the system active and reactive resources, which based on optimal power flow (OPF) and primal dual interior point method. It reduces the system overload risks and increases the system security. By test, calculation on the IEEE-16 test system validates the method proposed above.

Mountain highways are restricted by the comprehensive effect of road alignment, longitudinal slope and complex road conditions, which results in a larger accident rate. This article firstly studies the road alignment of mountain highways and attributes of random interference factors, and analyzes the laws of traffic flows in mountain highways. Then by incorporating the impacts of environment factors of mountain highways into the traditional car following model, it puts forward a nonlinear car-following model on the basis of nonlinear dynamics principles. The results conducted on VISSIM proved the correctness and practicability of the newly-established model. This study has provided theoretical support for traffic safety in mountain highways.

As a public product, urban rail transit has brought profound influence to the government, society and related companies in the entire process of construction and operation. To correctly understand the advantages and disadvantages of urban rail transit operation, this article combined the goal of urban rail transit enterprises which is to realize the maximization of the comprehensive benefit of social and economic benefits, and used the improved balanced score card method to build the social benefit, economic benefit and service level, internal business, learning and growth of comprehensive performance evaluation index system and paid more attention to the evaluation of social benefits. It used the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to set evaluation indicators hierarchically and calculated the index weight, finally built comprehensive performance evaluation system of urban rail transit.

Belt and chain are regarded as important parts in mechanical design and they are stereoscopic. Based on this background, this paper presents a belt drive and chain drive interactive simulation platform based on virtual reality technology. Through this platform students can understand the structure, working principles and characteristics of belt drive and chain drive, know various kinds of belts and chains, and learn specific applications of belt drive and chain drive with applied examples. Belt drive and chain drive interactive simulation platform uses browser-based structure, Java3D, virtual reality, Java Applet and other technology to build a Web3D virtual reality learning environment. Students can use mouse to move, rotate, and zoom the solid model, and observe the model from any angle. This interactive simulation platform can satisfy the demands of numerous students study online at the same time, which has great value in mechanical engineering distance education.

Electric agricultural machinery in the production process, mobile and flexible, easy operation, low noise, less pollution, meeting the requirements of sustainable development and the development of green agriculture. This paper studies the electric laminating machine, through its stress analysis, using MATLAB / Simulink were electric laminating machine system modeling and simulation of visualized mathematical modeling, and characterization. The simulation shows: electric laminating machine with low noise, less pollution, high efficiency, has great advantages and broad application prospects in agricultural production.

First, the overall structure of the design of the electric harvesting machine are introduced, according to the unit force and establish a mathematical model for the power matching, by working condition requirements, identify the design battery number, transmission system, finally the stability performance analysis of units, meet the performance requirements of the tobacco field.

In order to improve the diagnosis accuracy of asynchronous motor rotor fault, based on improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) and least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) with mixed kernel function, a novel and feasible fault diagnosis method was proposed. First the IPSO with dynamic learning factor and inertia weigh was applied to strengthen the search capability of the standard PSO. Then the mixed kernel function was constructed by combining the polynomial and the radial basis function (RBF). At last, the parameters of the LS-SVM model with mixed kernel function were optimized through IPSO to complete the motor rotor fault diagnosis. The research results show that the proposed method not only overcomes the disadvantage of easily trapping into the local extremum in the later evolution period, but also obviously improves the diagnosis accuracy of asynchronous motor rotor fault.

Based on three kinds of coach, the authors study on protection ability of semi-integral and unitary coach body and two point and three point seat belt from driver room deformation, test dummies damage value and the acceleration value of test dummies head by applying test of coach front impact at speed of 30km/h. The result showed that: the driver room deformation of unitary coach body is larger than semi-integral coach body. The acceleration value of test dummies head in passenger seat of unitary coach body is smaller than semi-integral coach body. The maximum acceleration value of passenger head is more than 200g when using two point seat belt and passenger neck is badly hurt because two point seat belt just only fix waist. The maximum acceleration value is less than 35g when using three point seat belt. So three point seat belt can protect passenger better than two point seat belt.

With the increasing number of motor vehicles, the security problems from the motor vehicle has increased,there are many traffic accidents which caused by stepping on the accelerator pedal by mistake. This paper elaborates the judgment method about stepping on the accelerator pedal by mistake. To determine the factors can judge whether to step on the accelerator pedal by mistake.After the research,the data of testing air throttle position sensor and distance sensor determines whether the vehicle is in the state of mistakenly stepped on the accelerator.

Two types of simulation models commonly usedfor assembly process for planetary steering gear will be established during vehicle maintenance teaching by using simulation software Flexsim. Comparison and analysis of results from operations of simulation model will find out steering gear assembly process suitable for vehicle maintenance teaching. This has led to good teaching results. Attempts have been successfully made to apply process simulation for selection of assembly process during vehicle maintenance teaching.

The sewage diffusion is an environmental material for protecting marine environment. It plays an important role in port engineering. Its effect under deep water was carried out between different diffuser design parameters based on the hydraulic model test, and QI Dong sewage marine disposal project was taken as an example. For this project, jet angle was controlled to be 5 degree, and azimuth angle was controlled to be 0 degree. It not only can ensure that sewage fully diluted mixed, also can avoid the premature convergence and sewage lifting. It is feasible for selecting large angle nozzle under deep water and there are some technical bases have been provided for other sewage marine disposal project.

The model of mouse base was taken as the object based on the production, Moldflow software and orthogonal experimental. The warpage and volume shrinkage in the injection molding were treated as quality objective, to study the effects of process parameters on part's quality. Two optimum parameter combination for two quality objective were obtained by analysis of range. The process parameter combination giving attention to the two quality objectives was selected by integral balance method and the optimized process parameter was verified by simulation.

Based on the perforating gun inner wall blind hole processing in the oil production equipment, designed the drilling tools for deep hole inner wall blind hole. Set up it's theory model, and designed it's structure specifically. It focuses on introducing the feeding structure of cutting tool and guiding support structure. In addition, it also makes dynamics analysis for the tool. Both of them provide a new method and theoretical basis for perforating gun inner wall blind hole processing.

The joints of the reinforced concrete frame are important parts in the structure. At present, research on seismic performance of damaged RC frame joints is limited both at home and abroad. This article will study on seismic analysis between undamaged and Column-damaged joints reinforced by CFRP, and it will take load in end of three columns with force-displacement mixed control on the condition of same axial compression ratio by Quasi-static test of cyclic loading. Through reinforcement of Frame Joint with undamaged and Column-damaged using CFRP sheets, it analyzed and compared with two situations in hysteresis curve, ductility, and energy dissipation and etc. The results showed that Column-damaged frame joint reinforced by carbon fiber was mainly to improve seismic behavior such as displacement-ductility coefficient and energy dissipation.

In order to replace copper with aluminum, save the copper material and copper natural resources, aluminum and copper dissimilar materials were joined by continuous drive friction welding process, the hardness, the tensile properties, the bend tests were studied by using hardness tester, WAW-1000 microcomputer control testing machine system, hammer bend tests of aluminum to copper weld. The interface microstructure of aluminum to copper weld is investigated by EPIPHOT-300U inverted microscope model. The intermetallic compound at the weld interface is investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that bending strength of joint is bending at 90 ° by hand and then bends at 90 ° reversely; the joint of aluminum and copper is no craze, copper and aluminum combination is good. The specimens were tensile fracture in aluminum side; this suggests that the weld region had a higher ultimate tensile strength than the parent aluminum. The axial shortening on the aluminum side is more than that on copper side. There is no readily apparent voids flaw and cracking between the aluminum and copper.

This paper introduces a method to analyze the reason of heavy metal pollution. At first do correlation analysis between the 8 kind of metal, the results showed that: there are significant positive correlation between Cu and Cr, Ni and Cr, Pb and Cd, Pb and Cu, which shows they may come from same pollution source. Next do the factor analysis. The results showed that the contribution of the first five factors to total variation accounted for 87.7%. After analysis, we can get that Cr, Ni, Cd, Pb is generated by smelting and machining metal in industrial park. Hg and Zn is mainly generated by automobile exhaust in the trunk road. As is generated by fertilization in the mountain farmland.

The microstructure and properties of Cu-Fe-Co alloy obtained by directional solidification were investigated. Results show that the finely dispersed iron-rich nanoparticles can be obtained under the directional solidification condition, with the size of 5-50nm and the coherent interface between the iron nanoparticle and the copper matrix. The Cu-Fe-Co alloy with excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, tensile strength up to 294.35Mpa, the elongation is 33.43%; Iron-rich nanoparticles increase the tensile strength of the alloy reduce the plasticity.

Double-slab ballastless track use the WJ-8C fastening system. Because the fastener assume an important role in the regulation track deformation. Study performance especially dynamic and static stiffness of fasteners for stress analysis of track structure has important theoretical and practical value. Through the dynamic load and static load experiment on track structure. Rational utilization of the experiment of WJ-8C fastener performance appraisal. Determine the WJ-8C fastener reasonable value of dynamic and static stiffness. Designed for the double-slab ballastless track fasteners of dynamic and static stiffness values to provide the reference data and performance testing

The alumina thin films with brilliant structural colors have been fabricated by means of electrochemical oxidation in phosphoric electrolyte under the condition of room temperature. The relationship of the structural colors with the anodization time and the angle of incidence of illuminating light are discussed. The microstructures of the films have been characterized as well. The effective refractive index of film is calculated according to Maxwell-Garnett theory. The maximum reflection wavelength of films is calculated by Bragg's equation, and the generation mechanism structural color has also been discussed. In the end, organic-assist covering method has been applied to obtain the intricate multicolor pattern on the same alumina thin film. This thin film with brilliant colors may have potentials in color displays, decoration and anti-counterfeiting technology.

By using generalized gradient approximation (gga) scheme within the density functional theory (dft), the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of limgpdsn-type quaternary heusler alloy vhfcoga were investigated compressively. the results reveal that the vhfcoga alloy at the lowest energy state is (or is nearly) a typical spin gapless semiconductor with a magnetic moment of 3μ_b per primitive cell. as the change of lattice constant is beyond 2.5% the alloy is half-metal ferromagnetic. a 100% spin polarization appears at fermi level (ε_f) in vhfcoga during lattice range of 5.63å-6.89å. The hybridization among magnetic atom v, hf and co plays a crucial role in determining the magnetism.

Since the nanotechnology introduced to the field of forensic science,it has brought many novel approaches for our fingerprint technology workers and received great attentions of forensic scientists both home and abroad for its unique advantages.Nanotechnology based methods have attracted considerable research efforts in recent years.In this paper we introduced the concept of nano-materials in developing fingerprints,and we also reviewed the development of revealing latent fingerprints with semi-conductive nano-materials and its latest progress. It can be foreknown that twenty-first Century relationship between and nano technology and fingerprint technology will become more and more closely, and it will be the focus of forensic scientists attention.

Carbon nanotubes have become hotspots in recent several years in the fields of nanomaterials. In construction engineering, the durability of the cement-based materials become salient. The characteristics and performances of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and the durability of cement-based materials are introduced individually. With these understanding, the possibility of durability improved by multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) is also analyzed. It is concluded that the key of the problem are the uniform dispersion of CNTs in the matrix, the compatibility between MWNTs and the matrix, the characteristics and the mechanism of the durability, lay the foundation for the engineering application.

In this paper, the composite oxide nano-powder of Fe69Cr18Ni9Cu4 was prepared by co-precipitation method. The Fe69Cr18Ni9Cu4 alloy nano-powder was prepared by the hydrogen co-reduction process. The reaction condition for preparation of alloy nano-powder: reduction temperature was 1000°C, reduction time was 90 minutes.

Synthesized β-SiAlON based on bauxite (Al2O3 in 68wt %) by using compound reducing agent silicon /carbon were studied. Calculated mass change ratio of the specimens after firing, Examined Phase composition and microstructure of the specimens by using XRD, SEM and EDS, At the same time contrasted with compound reducing agent nitrided SiO2. The results show that: 1300°C~1400°C, Carbon reduction reaction begins and gradually strengthen, β-SiAlON start generation; 1450°C~1550°C, β-SiAlON formation gradually increased, to 1500°C reached the highest value, the column β–SiAlOŃz are about 3.

The objective of this study was to determine effects of starch (corn starch and potato starch) on the TPA (Texture Profile Analysis),colour, gel strength, expressible water of silver carp surimi-based product. And microstructure of the surimi gels was used to investigate the corresponding mechanism. The result show that with the two additives, the gel properties of silver carp surimi-based product are obviously improved. As the starch content increased in surimi, the textural parameters such as hardness, Gumminess, chewiness and gel strength of gels was increased(P<0.05),and the value of whiteness was also increased(P<0.05). And as the starch content increased in surimi,the expressible water was decrease(P<0.05). Summary of all the data of texture profile analysis, colour evaluation, gel strength, expressible water, the optimum amount of starch's addition is 60g/kg. Surimi gels with potato starch had higher gel quality comparing to those with corn starch. Surimi gels with potato starch had higher gel strength, Hardness, gumminess, chewiness, whitening and lower expressible water comparing to those with corn starch

It aims at improving the manufacture of American white Oak barrel in order to better serve the Rum industry in Guaungxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. This paper also makes a comprehensive introduction of the barrel production technique at home and abroad. From the respects of the selecting of the raw material for the barrel, wood splitting and truncation, barrel web fixed length machine and barrel web of arc surface processing, machining Oak barrels type stave, assembly and the hoop frame, bake, steel processing and riveting hoop, pre cooper, processing of double end barrels of the top slot, cover processing and installation, Oak barrels sanding, the final Cooper, sealability, the key points of process packaging and transportation. What's more, there is a comparison of ageing in Oak barrels of Rum and Wine production process.

In the aging RUM aging process, treated the external appearance of oak barrels using microwave to make the weak cell tissue slightly rupture to rich the microporous of the inner wall of the oak barrels and prevent the blockage of the aging process, this treatment is conducive to the RUM aging. In the aging process, conducted a microwave treatment for oak barrel, measured monthly the changes of phenol, alcohols, aldehydes, acids, esters, conductivity, oxidation-reduction potential, dissolved oxygen and pH value of the RUM, thus analyze the effect of aging process on RUM after microwave treatment to inference oxidation and esterification rate and analyze the influence of the oak barrels pore changes on micro oxygen exchange after microwave treatment. Through exploring the mechanism of microwave affecting RUM aging , it improves the quality of RUM aging and speeds up the aging process.

Penaeus vannamei has high nutrition health care value, but the less processed into new product categories. In recent years,puffed food is a popular snack food among people, It can improve the nutritional value of puffed food to put fresh Penaeus vannamei into the puffed food. This paper studied the product formula, and product expansion rate,quality and structure, the sensory score, scanning electron microscopy observations as an index. By single factor experiment, firstiy, find out the suitable range of shrimp, corn starch, cassava modified starch and wheat flour suitable range, and then find out the best formula by the response surface analysis. The formula is 40% of shrimp, 15% of wheat flour, 10% of cassava modified starch, 35% of corn starch. This obtained products is crispy, fragrant and nutrient-rich.

In this paper, the NiCoCrAlY/BaF2/CaF2/C/Y composite coating prepared by plasma spraying of high temperature oxidation behavior is researched ,which is combined effect of heat and friction environment, as well as simple static study on both the high temperature environment. Results showed that: in high temperature friction environment, coating is oxidized more seriously than simple static oxidation; Degree of coating oxidation under 500°C is lower than 800°C, and oxidized coating will produced peeling in friction process; The state of oxidized film on coating surface is different with friction processing, which with no full of lubrication film, lubrication film alternating appeared, full of lubrication film and variety complex of situation.

As one of the effective means of building energy efficiency, building insulation to achieve “win-win” energy and environmental protection. Exterior insulation is currently promoting a building heat preservation and heat insulation technology. Exterior insulation materials can be divided into organic and inorganic heat preservation material 2 kinds. Different insulation materials have different advantages and defects. For different exterior insulation materials research and application status are expounded. In comparison with organic heat preservation material, inorganic non-combustible insulation materials will be the future environmental protection an important development direction of the fire insulation building materials, but the water resistance and strength remains to be further improved.

Inflatable membrane material consists of bearing layer, airtight layer and protective layer. This paper will respectively make the choice of each material layer from the aspects such as strength, impermeability and price. And then, based on software of finite element analysis ABAQUS, it is validated that choice materials (PVDF double-faced coating forming) satisfies the strength requirement of the inflatable membrane structure.

For the complexity and high reliability demand of inertial confinement fusion facilities, considering the operational situations in main countries, the article discussed several common problems that are important to the reliability management of inertial confinement fusion facilities in operation, which has good reference value to reliability maintenance and reliability growing of inertial confinement fusion facilities.

Economic considerations are major factors that shape the Distributed Generator (DG)'s type as well as its size and location. In order to obtain the maximal integrated benefits of DG placement, an analytical method for DG placements considering the reliability improvement and environmental benefit is proposed in this paper. The proposed method tries to solve the optimal DG placement from the viewpoint of achieving the best balance between the costs and benefits of DG placement. At the same time, it also sets out a method to make an effective quantification of several indices, which are important to evaluate the reliability of distributed network with DG in different sections, as well as the environmental benefit. Test results have shown that with proper installation type and site selection, DG can be used to improve service reliability, reduce the customer interruption costs and the loss cost, and also to make tremendous contributions to the environment. The most important is that the electric utilities can often obtain the maximal benefit/cost ratio of DG.

Based on the existing problems of the traditional main and backup protection, regional protection for intelligent substation is gradually rising as a new security. To make full use of the technology advantage of intelligent substation, a set of protection control device named BDH-811 is brought in and used for 66kV power grid in Chaoyang region. In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the regional protection system in actual environment, a series of tests have been carried out by building a dynamic simulation testing platform based on RTDS.

Export Coefficient Model (ECM) methodology, with improvement on parameters such as chemical fertilizer uptake and loss rates in crop land field, atmospheric deposition rate etc., was applied using county level statistical datasets in large scale watershed like Xiang River Basin (XRB). Geographic Information System was applied to obtain land use information in estimating agricultural NPS pollution loads and its spatial distribution. Research results showed that: i) Total Nitrogen (TN) and Total Phosphorus (TP) loads entered into XRB were 59955, 6375 and 64586, 6162 tons respectively for the year 2000 and 2012; ii) For TN load entering into watercourses, chemical fertilizer losses from cropland contributed 54.7% in year 2000, followed by livestock(26.8%) and rural living waste(18.5%); For the year 2012, TN load contribution rates from fertilizer and livestock increased 4.3% and 11.8% respectively; iii) For TP load entering into watercourses in XRB, chemical fertilizer losses from cropland contributed 70% and 71.5% respectively in year 2000 and 2012.

In order to realize the synthesis and optimization of quaternary reversible logic functions, we propose quaternary Shannon expansions generation algorithm which is based on quaternary Galois field. Combined Post algebra with Module algebra system and defined single-variable-reduced expression, obtain quaternary Galois field basic Shannon expansion by transform the quaternary function into the combination of four sub-functions which are expressed by each variables, and to get all quaternary Shannon expansions. The algorithm proposes to generate quaternary Galois field decision diagram, and apply all the expansions to express each variable of quaternary functions. The variable selection principles have ensured the SOP is optimal after flattening the decision diagram. The experiment results of some typical Benchmark functions have proved our algorithm can get SOP expressions of given functions quickly, and ensure the number of nodes and products is least.

The following sections is included:

• Author Index