A microbial receptor protein with carboxypeptidase activity and a D-Alanine sensor were used to design an inhibition assay with electrochemical detectiton. This assay has been developed for the quantitative determination of β-lactam. Optimisation of the inhibition assay conditions allowed us to realise an assay with comparable analytical behaviour than the classical microbiological and other assays. The assay give a detection limit of 1 ng.mL-1.