Lateral intakes are hydraulic structures used for domestic, agricultural and industrial water conveyance, characterized by a very complex three-dimensional morphodynamic behavior: since streamlines near the lateral intake are deflected, some vortices form, pressure gradient, shear and centrifugal forces at the intake generate flow separation and a secondary movement, responsible for local scour and sediment deposition. On the other side, the modeling of flows, besides the sediment transport, in curved channels implies some more complications in comparison with straight channels. In this research, this complex process has been investigated experimentally and numerically, with the mechanism of sediment transport, bed topography evolution, flow pattern and their interactions. Experiments were performed in the Laboratory of Tarbiat Modares University, Iran, where a U-shaped channel with a lateral intake was installed and dry sediment was injected at constant rate into a steady flow. Due to the spiral flow, the bed topography changes significantly and the bed forms in turn affect the sediment entering the intake. Different from the previous works on this topic which were mainly based on laboratory experiments, here, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical simulations with FLUENT software were also performed, specifically with the two-phase Eulerian Model (EM) and Discrete Phase Model (DPM), at the aim of evaluating their performance in reproducing the observed physical processes. This software is used for a large variety of CFD problems, but not much for simulating sediment transport phenomena and bed topography evolution. The comparison of the results obtained through the two models against the laboratory experimental data proved a good performance of both the models in reproducing the main features of the flow, for example, the longitudinal and vertical streamlines and the mechanism of particles movement. However, the EM reveals a better performance than DPM in the prediction of the secondary flows and, consequently, of the bed topography evolution, whereas the DPM well depicts the particles pattern, predicts the location of trapped particles and determines the percentage of sediment entering the intake.

The numerical models so calibrated and validated were applied to other cases with different positions of the intake in the bend. The results show that mechanism of sediment entrance into the intake varies in different position. If the intake is installed in the second half of the bend, the sediment accumulates along the inner bank of the bend and enters the intake from downstream edge of intake; on the other side, if it is placed in the first half of the bend, the sediment accumulates along both the inner and the outer bends and, therefore, more sediment enters the intake. Also the results of the simulations performed with the DPM model for different positions of the lateral intake show that for all discharge ratios, the position of 120^∘ is the one which guarantees the minimum ratio of sediment diverted to the intake (Gr).

Keywords:

You currently do not have access to the full text article.
Recommend the journal to your library today!

References

1. T.-J. Hsu, J. T. Jenkins and P. L.-F. Liu, Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A. Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 460(2048), 2223 (2004). Web of Science, ADS, Google Scholar
2. B. Dewals, F. Rulot, S. Erpicum, P. Archambeau and M. Pirotton, Advanced Topics in Sediment Transport modelling: Non-alluvial Beds and Hyperconcentrated Flows, Sediment Transport. Intech (2011), http://www.intechopen.com/books/sediment-transport/advanced-topics-in-sedimenttransport-modelling-non-alluvial-beds-and-hyperconcentrated-flows, doi:10.5772/15025. Google Scholar
3. C. Di Cristo, S. Evangelista, A. Leopardi, M. Greco and M. Iervolino (2014). Numerical simulation of a dam-break with a wide range of Shields parameter. In Proc. of the Int. Conf. River Flow 2014, Lausanne, Switzerland, Sept 3–5, Vol. B.5, pp. 1679–1687 Google Scholar
4. S. Evangelista, M. Altinakar, C. Di Cristo and A. Leopardi, Int. J. Sediment Res. 28, 269 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-6279(13)60039-6 Web of Science, Google Scholar
5. G. Rosatti and L. Begnudelli, J. Comput. Phys. 255, 362 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2013.08.020 Web of Science, ADS, Google Scholar
6. J. Chauchat, Z. Cheng, T. Nagel, C. Bonamy and T.-J. Hsu, Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss. (EGU 2017), https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2017-101. Google Scholar
7. S. Evangelista, M. Greco, M. Iervolino, A. Leopardi and A. Vacca, Int. J. Sediment Res. 30, 382 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2014.11.003 Web of Science, Google Scholar
8. X. Chen, Y. Li, X. Niu, M. Li, D. Chen and X. Yu, Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 37, 1099 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2011.05.013 Web of Science, Google Scholar
9. S. Evangelista, G. de Marinis, C. Di Cristo and A. Leopardi, Proc. WSEAS Trans. Environ. Dev. 10, 382 (2014), Print ISSN: 1790-5079, E-ISSN: 2224–3496. Google Scholar
10. Fluent, Fluent 6.2 User’s Guide, Fluent Inc., USA (2005). Google Scholar
11. V. Neary, F. Sotiropoulos and A. J. Odgaard, J. Hydr. Eng. 125, 126 (1999). Web of Science, Google Scholar
12. A. Ramamurthy, J. Qu and D. Vo, J. Hydraul. Eng., (2007). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2007)133:10(1135) Google Scholar
13. A. J. Odgaard, J. Hydraulic Div. 108, 1268 (1982). Google Scholar
14. A. J. Odgaard and M. A. Bergs, Water Resource Res. 24, 45 (1988). Web of Science, ADS, Google Scholar
15. H. Montaseri, H. Asiaei, A. Baghlani and P. Omidvar, Int. J. Mod. Phys. C 30, 1 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1142/S0129183119500839. Link, Web of Science, Google Scholar
16. D. V. Joglekar, Water and Energy International 16, 177 (1959). Google Scholar
17. M. R. Pirestani, A. A. Salehi Neyshabouri and M. R. M. Tabatai, Physical modeling of the flow in lateral intakes in curved channels. In 10 th International Symposium on River Sedimentation, Moscow, Russia, 2007. Google Scholar
18. A. J. Odgaard and C. E. Mosconi, J. Hydr. Eng. 113, 520 (1987). Web of Science, Google Scholar
19. A. J. Odgaard and Y. Wang, J. Hydr. Eng. 117, 284 (1991). Web of Science, Google Scholar
20. H. Montaseri, H. Asiaei, A. Baghlani and P. Omidvar, International Journal of Modern Physics C (IJMPC) 30, 1 (2019). Link, Web of Science, Google Scholar
21. A. A. Dehghani, M. Ghodsian, S. A. A. Salehi Neyshabouri and M. Shafiefar, Proc. XXXI IAHR Congress, Korea, 2005, pp. 1387–1396. Google Scholar
22. A. A. Dehghani, M. Ghodsian, K. Suzuki, A. A. Salehi Neyshabouri and M. Shafiefar, Effect of sill on local scour at lateral intake in 180 degree curved channel. Proc. 3th Int. Conf. Scour and Erosion, Amsterdam, Netherland, 2006, pp. 165–168. Google Scholar
23. A. A. Dehghani, M. Ghodsian, K. Suzuki and S. Alaghmand, Local scour around lateral intakesin 180 degree curved channel, Proc. 16th IAHR-APD Congress and 3rd Symp. IAHR-ISHS, IAHR Asian and Pacific Division, 20–23 October, 2008, Nanjing, China (Springer, 2009), pp. 821–825, ISBN 9783540894643. Google Scholar
24. M. R. Pirestani, M. R. M. Tabatabai, N. Barkhordari and S. P. Jazayeri, Laboratory study of flow strength and momentum variations in the vicinity of lateral intakes in the bend channels, Proc. I IAHR European Congress, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK, 3–7 May 2010, ISBN/ISSN: 9780956595102. Google Scholar
25. Z. Mazur, R. Campos-Amezcua, G. Urquiza-Beltran and A. Garca-Gutierrez, Appl. Thermal Eng. 24, 1877 (2004). Web of Science, Google Scholar
26. Z. Ji, H. Li, X. Wu and J. Choi, Powder Technol. 180, 91 (2008). Web of Science, Google Scholar
27. J. Zhang and A. Li, Energy Convers Manage 49, 1008 (2008). Web of Science, Google Scholar
28. A. Dehbi, Nucl. Eng. Des. 238, 707 (2008). Web of Science, Google Scholar
29. T. Thinglas and D. Kaushal, Particuology 6, 176 (2008). Web of Science, Google Scholar
30. D. R. Kaushal, T. Thinglas, Y. Tomita, S. Kuchii and H. Tsukamoto, Powder Technol. 215, 1 (2012). Web of Science, Google Scholar
31. C. T. Crowe, T. R. Troutt and J. N. Chung, Numerical models for two-phase turbulent flows, Annual Rev. Fluid Mech. annualreviews.org (1996). Google Scholar
32. T. Shibayama and I. Nistor, A model of sediment transport in the bottom boundary layer. In Coastal Engineering, 1993, pp. 134–147. Web of Science, Google Scholar
33. C. Klajbár and L. Konozsy, Multiphase Eulerian simulations of a sedimentation process in a solid-fluid particle-laden flow, MultiScience - XXX. microCAD International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference University of Miskolc, Hungary, 21–22 April 2016, ISBN 978-963-358-113-1. Google Scholar
34. A. D. Gosman, C. Lekakou, S. Politis, R. I. Issa and M. K. Looney, AIChE J. Wiley Online Library, 38, 1946 (1992). Web of Science, Google Scholar
35. Z. Zhao and H. J. S. Fernando, Environmental Fluid Mech. 7, 121 (2007). Web of Science, Google Scholar
36. M. Akbari, N. Galanis and A. Behzadmehr, International Journal of Thermal Sciences 50, 1343 (2011). Web of Science, Google Scholar
37. H. Karami, S. Farzin, M. T. Sadrabadi and H. Moazeni, Water Sci. Eng. 10, 246 (2017). Web of Science, Google Scholar
38. K. Tavakoli, H. Montaseri, P. Omidvar and S. Evangelista, Int. J. Mod. Phys. C (IJMPC) 30, 1 (2019). Google Scholar
39. H. Montaseri, Sediments Control at lateral intake in the 180 degree curved channel using submerged vanes, PhD Thesis, Tarbiat Modaress University, Tehran, Iran (2008). Google Scholar
40. H. Montaseri, M. Ghodsian, S. A. A. Salehi Neyshaboori and M. Shafieefar, Effect of height of submerged vanes on sediment control at lateral intake in a 180 degree bend, Proc. River flow 2008 Int Conf Fluvial Hydraulics, Çeşme, Izmir, Turkey, 3–5 September, 2008. Google Scholar
41. H. Montaseri, M. Ghodsian, M. Shafieifar, S. A. A. Salehi Neyshabouri and A. A. Dehghani, J Agricultural Sci. Nat. Resour. 15, 225 (2008b). Google Scholar
42. S. A. Vasquez and V. A. Ivanov, A phase coupled method for solving multiphase problems on unstructured meshes, Proc ASME FEDSM’00: ASME 2000 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting, Boston, 2000. Google Scholar
43. J. M. Weiss, J. P. Maruszewski and W. A. Smith, AIAA J. 37, 29 (1999). ADS, Google Scholar