Soliton solutions for a (3 + 1)-dimensional modified Korteweg–de Vries–Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation in a plasma
Abstract
Under investigation in this paper is a (3 + 1)-dimensional modified Korteweg–de Vries–Zakharov–Kuznetsov (KdV-ZK) equation, which describes the nonlinear behaviors of ion-acoustic waves in a magnetized plasma where the cooler ions are treated as a fluid with adiabatic pressure and the hot isothermal electrons are described by a Boltzmann distribution. With the Hirota method and symbolic computation, we obtain the one-, two- and three-soliton solutions for such an equation. We graphically study the solitons related with the coefficient of the cubic nonlinearity M. Amplitude of the one soliton increases with increasing M, but the width of one soliton keeps unchanged as M increases. The two solitons and three solitons are parallel, and the amplitudes of the solitons increase with increasing M, but the widths of the solitons are unchanged. It is shown that the interactions between the two solitons and among the three solitons are elastic.
