MINIMUM DETECTABLE DIFFERENCE OF CT ANGIOGRAPHY SCANS AT VARIOUS CARDIAC BEATS: EVALUATION VIA A CUSTOMIZED OBLIQUE V-SHAPED LINE GAUGE AND PMMA PHANTOM
Abstract
The minimum detectable difference (MDD) at various beats/min (BPM) of CT angiography (CTA) was evaluated using an oblique V-shape line gauge and poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) phantom in this study. The customized phantom with the size of cm3 was made from a 1cm-thick PMMA. The reciprocating mechanism in the phantom was run by a step motor with an eccentric gear connected to a crank rod to provide a stable harmonic motion, simulating the cardiac beats. The MDD has a unique feature in defining the quality characteristic of CT-scanned images and provides more information than simple line pair/cm in the previous studies. The derived MDD was quantified according to various BPM, and the CTA factor combination was preset following either the conventional recommendation or the optimal one. In doing so, the performance was substantiated by the Taguchi-based signal-to-noise ratio and integrated by another index, namely, figure of merit (FOM). The MDD and corresponding (dB) changed from mm to mm and from 16.7dB to 14.2dB, respectively, for conventional settings; while those obtained for the optimal preset changed from mm to mm and from 12.2 dB to 16.4 dB, respectively of CTA at 0–90 BPM. The integrated FOM values for conventional or optimal cases were 1240 and 1337, respectively. The MDD proved to be a useful technique in justifying the CTA-scanned images. For compliance with previous studies, MDD results can be converted to the line pair/cm results, but it is more informative than the quantized number of line pairs.
References
- 1. , Optimization of Nd:YAG laser welding onto magnesium alloy via Taguchi analysis, Opt Laser Techol 37 :33–42, 2005. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
- 2. , Optimizing multiple quality characteristics via Taguchi method-based Grey analysis, Mater Process Technol 182 :107–116, 2007. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
- 3. , The optimum Ga-67-citrate gamma camera imaging quality factors as first calculated and shown by the Taguchi’s analysis, Hell J Nucl Med 16(1) :25–32, 2013. Web of Science, Google Scholar
- 4. , Optimization of imaging parameters for SPECT scans of [99mTc]TRODAT-1 using Taguchi analysis, PLOS One 10(3) :e0113817, 2015. Web of Science, Google Scholar
- 5. , Optimizing the TLD-100 readout system for various radiotherapy beam doses using the Taguchi methodology, Appl Radiat Isotopes 68 :481–488, 2010. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
- 6. , Optimization of the imaging quality of 64-slice CT acquisition protocol using Taguchi analysis: A phantom study, Bio-Med. Mater Eng 26 :s1651–s1658, 2015. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
- 7. . Evaluating the quality characteristics of TLD-100T and TLD-100H exposed to diagnostic X-rays and 64 multislice CT using Taguchi’s quality loss function, Radiat Meas 80 :17–22, 2015. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
- 8. , Taguchi’s analysis to optimize descending aortography for patent ductus arteriosus, with clinical verification, Hell J Nucl Med 19(2) :118–123, 2016. Web of Science, Google Scholar
- 9. , Optimizing quality of digital mammographic imaging using Taguchi analysis with an ACR accreditation phantom, Bioengineered 7(4) :226–234, 2016. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
- 10. , Optimizing left anterior oblique (LAO) caudal imaging in coronary angiography using the Taguchi method: A phantom study with clinical verification, Int J Cardiovasc Imag 33(9) :1287–1295, 2017. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
- 11. , The Optimization of the single photon emission computed tomography image quality via Taguchi analysis: A feasibility study of a V-shaped phantom, Med Imag Health Inf 7(1) :143–148, 2017. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
- 12. , Taguchi method-based optimization of the minimum detectable difference of a cardiac X-ray imaging system using a precise line pair gauge, J Mech Med Biol 19(7) :1940030, 2019. Link, Web of Science, Google Scholar
- 13. , Optimizing the minimum detectable difference of computed tomography scanned images via the Taguchi analysis: A feasibility study with an indigenous hepatic phantom and a line group gauge, Mech Med Biol 19(8) :1940048, 2019. Link, Web of Science, Google Scholar
- 14. , Integration of Taguchi analysis with phantom and innovative gauges: Optimization of the CT scan protocol for peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) syndrome, Mech Med Biol 20(9) :2040005, 2020. Link, Web of Science, Google Scholar
- 15. , The statistical analysis of data from small groups, Personal Soc Psychol 83(1) :126–137, 2002. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
- 16. , Atoms, Radiation, and Radiation Protection, 2nd edn. (John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2000). Google Scholar
- 17. , Semi-quantification of the minimum detectable difference of gamma camera SPET for four radionuclides via an innovative PMMA phantom with a V-shaped slit: Interpretation of a feasibility study, Hell J Nucl Med 22(1) :7–14, 2019. Web of Science, Google Scholar
- 18. Keevil S et al., CT scanners for coronary CT angiography (CCTA) in challenging patient groups, King’s Tech. Evaluation Center (KiTEC), London, 2014, http://kitec.co.uk/perch/resources/cardiac-report-for-kitec-website.pdf. Google Scholar
- 19. , Enhancement of thermoelectric figure-of-merit by a bulk nanostructuring approach, Adv Funct Mater 20 :357–376, 2010. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
- 20. ACR CT accreditation phantom module 1, https://ctug.org.uk/meet07-10-23/Gammex_RMI_CT_Phantom_438_ACR%20CT%20Accreditation%20phantom%20464_Edyvean.pdf. Google Scholar