11: Voltammetry at the Nanoscale
In Section 5.10 we considered the fabrication of ‘nanodes’ — electrodes with characteristic dimensions in the nanometre range. A full account of methods for making such electrodes has been given by Arrigan. ‘Nano electrode arrays’ have also been made by supporting pre-formed nanoparticles on an electrode surface. Such structures are now widely used in electroanalysis, the supporting electrode serving to make electrical contact with the nanoparticles but the electrolysis at the potential of interest, at least, being confined to the surface of the nanoparticles. We consider first the case of well-separated (diffusionally isolated) nanoparticles.