Open Access

Influence of the aspect ratio of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes on their piezoelectric properties

Southern Federal University, Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Equipment Engineering, Shevchenko St., 2, Taganrog, 347922, Russia

E-mail Address: mailina@sfedu.ru

Corresponding author.

Search for more papers by this author

Olga I. Soboleva

Southern Federal University, Research Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials Technology, Shevchenko St., 2, Taganrog, 347922, Russia

Search for more papers by this author

Nikolay N. Rudyk

Southern Federal University, Research Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials Technology, Shevchenko St., 2, Taganrog, 347922, Russia

Search for more papers by this author

Maria R. Polyvianova

Southern Federal University, Research Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials Technology, Shevchenko St., 2, Taganrog, 347922, Russia

Search for more papers by this author

Soslan A. Khubezhov

Southern Federal University, Research Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials Technology, Shevchenko St., 2, Taganrog, 347922, Russia

Search for more papers by this author

, and

Oleg I. Il’in

Southern Federal University, Research Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials Technology, Shevchenko St., 2, Taganrog, 347922, Russia

Search for more papers by this author

https://doi.org/10.1142/S2010135X22410016Cited by:8 (Source: Crossref)

This article is part of the issue:

Special Issue on Piezoelectric Materials and Devices
Guest Editors: Limei Zheng, Dawei Wang, Changhong Yang and Jianguo Chen

Abstract

Recent studies have shown that nitrogen doping of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can lead to the formation of piezoelectric properties in them, not characteristic of pure CNTs. In this work, nitrogen-doped CNTs were grown by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition and the effect of the aspect ratio of the nanotube length to its diameter on its piezoelectric coefficient $d_{33}$ $d_{33}$ was shown. It was observed that as the aspect ratio of the nanotube increased from 7 to 21, the value of $d_{33}$ $d_{33}$ increased linearly from 7.3 to 10.7 pm/V. This dependence is presumably due to an increase in curvature-induced polarization because of an increase in the curvature and the number of bamboo-like “bridges” in the nanotube cavity formed as a result of the incorporation of pyrrole-like nitrogen into the nanotube structure. The obtained results can be used in the development of promising elements of nanopiezotronics (nanogenerators, memory elements, and strain sensors).

Keywords:

References

1. B. Liu, C. Wang, J. Liu, Y. Che and C. Zhou , Aligned carbon nanotubes: From controlled synthesis to electronic applications, Nanoscale 5, 9483 (2013), https://doi.org/10.1039/c3nr02595k. Crossref, Google Scholar
2. K. Matsumoto , Frontiers of Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes (Springer Japan, Tokyo, 2015), https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55372-4. Crossref, Google Scholar
3. A. D. Franklin , Carbon nanotube electronics, in Emerg. Nanoelectron. Devices (John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, United Kingdom, 2014), pp. 315–335. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118958254.ch16. Crossref, Google Scholar
4. C. H. Ke, N. Pugno, B. Peng and H. D. Espinosa , Experiments and modeling of carbon nanotube-based NEMS devices, J. Mech. Phys. Solids. 53, 1314 (2005), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2005.01.007. Crossref, Google Scholar
5. L. Wang, C. Yang, J. Wen, S. Gai and Y. Peng , Carbon nanotubes: Synthesis and properties, electronic devices and other emerging applications, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 26, 4618 (2015), https://doi.org/10.1179/174328004X5655. Crossref, Google Scholar
6. S. Abdalla, F. Al-Marzouki, A. A. Al-Ghamdi and A. Abdel-Daiem , Different technical applications of carbon nanotubes, Nanoscale Res. Lett. 10, 358 (2015), https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-015-1056-3. Crossref, Google Scholar
7. M. M. Altarawneh, G. A. Alharazneh and O. Y. Al-Madanat , Dielectric properties of single wall carbon nanotubes-based gelatin phantoms, J. Adv. Dielectr. 8, 1 (2018), https://doi.org/10.1142/S2010135X18500108. Link, Google Scholar
8. W. J. Lee, U. N. Maiti, J. M. Lee, J. Lim, T. H. Han and S. O. Kim , Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes and graphene composite structures for energy and catalytic applications, Chem. Commun. 50, 6818 (2014), https://doi.org/10.1039/c4cc00146j. Crossref, Google Scholar
9. S. N. Faisal, E. Haque, N. Noorbehesht, W. Zhang, A. T. Harris, T. L. Church and A. I. Minett , Pyridinic and graphitic nitrogen-rich graphene for high-performance supercapacitors and metal-free bifunctional electrocatalysts for ORR and OER, RSC Adv. 7, 1(2017), https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ra01355h. Crossref, Google Scholar
10. C. Cao, Y. Zhou, S. Ubnoske, J. Zang, Y. Cao, P. Henry, C. B. Parker and J. T. Glass , Highly stretchable supercapacitors via crumpled vertically aligned carbon nanotube forests, Adv. Energy Mater. 9, 1 (2019), https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201900618. Google Scholar
11. X. Zhang, Z. Zhao, J. Xu, Q. Ouyang, C. Zhu, X. Zhang, X. Zhang and Y. Chen , N-doped carbon nanotube arrays on reduced graphene oxide as multifunctional materials for energy devices and absorption of electromagnetic wave, Carbon 177, 216 (2021), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2021.02.085. Crossref, Google Scholar
12. M. Il’ina, O. Il’in, O. Osotova, S. Khubezhov, N. Rudyk, I. Pankov, A. Fedotov and O. Ageev , Pyrrole-like defects as origin of piezoelectric effect in nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes, Carbon 190, 348 (2022), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2022.01.014. Crossref, Google Scholar
13. M. Inagaki, M. Toyoda, Y. Soneda and T. Morishita , Nitrogen-doped carbon materials, Carbon 132, 104 (2018), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2018.02.024. Crossref, Google Scholar
14. L.G. Bulusheva, A. V. Okotrub, Y. V. Fedoseeva, A.G. Kurenya, I. P. Asanov, O. Y. Vilkov, A. A. Koós and N. Grobert , Controlling pyridinic, pyrrolic, graphitic, and molecular nitrogen in multi-wall carbon nanotubes using precursors with different N/C ratios in aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17, 23741 (2015), https://doi.org/10.1039/c5cp01981h. Crossref, Google Scholar
15. B. G. Sumpter, V. Meunier, J.M. Romo-Herrera, E. Cruz-Silva, D. A. Cullen, H. Terrones, D. J. Smith and M. Terrones , Nitrogen-mediated carbon nanotube growth: Diameter reduction, metallicity, bundle dispersability, and bamboo-like structure formation, ACS Nano 1, 369 (2007), https://doi.org/10.1021/nn700143q. Crossref, Google Scholar
16. R. Arenal, K. March, C. P. Ewels, X. Rocquefelte, M. Kociak, A. Loiseau and O. Stéphan , Atomic configuration of nitrogen-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes, Nano Lett. 14, 5509 (2014), https://doi.org/10.1021/nl501645g. Crossref, Google Scholar
17. O. Y. Podyacheva, S. V. Cherepanova, A. I. Romanenko, L. S. Kibis, D. A. Svintsitskiy, A. I. Boronin, O. A. Stonkus, A. N. Suboch, A. V. Puzynin and Z. R. Ismagilov , Nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes and nanofibers: Composition, structure, electrical conductivity and capacity properties, Carbon 122, 475 (2017), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2017.06.094. Crossref, Google Scholar
18. M. V. Il’ina, O. I. Il’in, A. V. Guryanov, O. I. Osotova, Y. F. Blinov, A. A. Fedotov and O. A. Ageev , Anomalous piezoelectricity and conductivity in aligned carbon nanotubes, J. Mater. Chem. C 9, 6014 (2021), https://doi.org/10.1039/d1tc00356a. Crossref, Google Scholar
19. L. Wang, S. Liu, G. Gao, Y. Pang, X. Yin, X. Feng, L. Zhu, Y. Bai, L. Chen, T. Xiao, X. Wang, Y. Qin and Z. L. Wang , Ultrathin piezotronic transistors with 2 nm channel lengths, ACS Nano 12, 4903 (2018), https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b01957. Crossref, Google Scholar
20. Y. Hu and Z. L. Wang , Recent progress in piezoelectric nanogenerators as a sustainable power source in self-powered systems and active sensors, Nano Energy 14, 3 (2014), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.11.038. Crossref, Google Scholar
21. I. Choi, S. J. Lee, J. C. Kim, Y. Gyu Kim, D. Y. Hyeon, K. S. Hong, J. Suh, D. Shin, H. Y. Jeong and K. Il Park , Piezoelectricity of picosecond laser-synthesized perovskite BaTiO₃ nanoparticles, Appl. Surf. Sci. 511, 145614 (2020), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.145614. Crossref, Google Scholar
22. P. Viswanath, K. K. H. De Silva, H. H. Huang and M. Yoshimura , Large piezoresponse in ultrathin organic ferroelectric nano lamellae through self-assembly processing, Appl. Surf. Sci. 532, 147188 (2020), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.147188. Crossref, Google Scholar
23. I. Andryushina, A. Pavlenko, S. Zinchenko, K. Andryushin, L. Shilkina, E. Glazunova, A. Nagaenko, D. Stryukov, H. Sadykov and L. Reznichenko , Obtaining, structure, microstructure and dielectric characteristics of ceramics and thin films of ferro-piezoelectric materials based on the PZT system, J. Adv. Dielectr. 10, 1 (2020), https://doi.org/10.1142/S2010135X20600036. Link, Google Scholar
24. N. Kunnath and J. Philip , Dielectric and piezoelectric perfomance of lead-free ceramics of boron sodium gadolinate niobate at morphotropic phase boundary, J. Adv. Dielectr. 10, 1 (2020), https://doi.org/10.1142/S2010135X20500149. Link, Google Scholar
25. M. V. Il’ina, O. I. Il’in, Y. F. Blinov, V. A. Smirnov, A. S. Kolomiytsev, A. A. Fedotov, B. G. Konoplev and O. A. Ageev , Memristive switching mechanism of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes, Carbon 123, 514 (2017), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2017.07.090. Crossref, Google Scholar
26. M. V. Ilina, Y. F. Blinov, O. I. Ilin, N. N. Rudyk and O. A. Ageev , Piezoelectric effect in non-uniform strained carbon nanotubes, IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 256, 012024 (2017), https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/256/1/012024. Crossref, Google Scholar
27. M. V. Il’ina, O. I. Il’in, N. N. Rudyk, O. I. Osotova, A. A. Fedotov and O. A. Ageev , Analysis of the piezoelectric properties of aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes, Nanomaterials 11, 2912 (2021), https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11112912. Crossref, Google Scholar
28. M. Il’ina, O. Il’in, Y. Blinov, A. Konshin, B. Konoplev and O. Ageev , Piezoelectric response of multi-walled carbon nanotubes, Materials 11, 638 (2018), https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11040638. Crossref, Google Scholar
29. O. I. Il’in, M. V. Il’ina, N. N. Rudyk, A. A. Fedotov and O. A. Ageev , Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes production by PECVD, in Perspect. Carbon Nanotub. (IntechOpen, 2019), p. 13, https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.84732. Crossref, Google Scholar
30. O. Il’in, N. Rudyk, A. Fedotov, M. Il’ina, D. Cherednichenko and O. Ageev , Modeling of catalytic centers formation processes during annealing of multilayer nanosized metal films for carbon nanotubes growth, Nanomaterials 10, 554 (2020), https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10030554. Crossref, Google Scholar
31. M. V. Il’ina, O. I. Il’in, V. A. Smirnov, Y. F. Blinov, B. G. Konoplev and O. A. Ageev , Scanning probe techniques for characterization of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes, in At. Microsc. Its Appl. (IntechOpen, 2019), p. 13, https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.78061. Google Scholar
32. S. M. Neumayer, S. Saremi, L. W. Martin, L. Collins, A. Tselev, S. Jesse, S. V. Kalinin and N. Balke , Piezoresponse amplitude and phase quantified for electromechanical characterization, J. Appl. Phys. 128, 171105 (2020), https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0011631. Crossref, Google Scholar
33. Y. Yamada, J. Kim, S. Matsuo and S. Sato , Nitrogen-containing graphene analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Carbon 70, 59 (2014), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2013.12.061. Crossref, Google Scholar
34. M. Lin, J. P. Y. Tan, C. Boothroyd, K. P. Loh, E. S. Tok and Y. L. Foo , Dynamical observation of bamboo-like carbon nanotube growth, Nano Lett. 7, 2234 (2007), https://doi.org/10.1021/nl070681x. Crossref, Google Scholar
35. O. A. Louchev , Formation mechanism of pentagonal defects and bamboo-like structures in carbon nanotube growth mediated by surface diffusion, Phys. Status Solidi Appl. Res. 193, 585 (2002), https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-396X(200210)193:3<585::AID-PSSA585>3.0.CO;2-Y. Crossref, Google Scholar
36. T. Dumitrica, C. M. Landis and B. I. Yakobson , Curvature-induced polarization in carbon nanoshells, Chem. Phys. Lett. 360, 182 (2002), https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(02)00820-5. Crossref, Google Scholar
37. S. I. Kundalwal, S. A. Meguid and G. J. Weng , Strain gradient polarization in graphene, Carbon 117, 462 (2017), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2017.03.013. Crossref, Google Scholar
38. Y. Gao and Z. L. Wang , Electrostatic potential in a bent piezoelectric nanowire. The fundamental theory of nanogenerator and nanopiezotronics, Nano Lett. 7, 2499 (2007), https://doi.org/10.1021/nl071310j. Crossref, Google Scholar

Vol. 12, No. 06

Metrics

Downloaded 221 times

History

Received 26 April 2022

Revised 17 May 2022

Accepted 3 June 2022

Published: 7 July 2022

Information

This is an Open Access article published by World Scientific Publishing Company. It is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY) License which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Keywords

PDF download

System Upgrade on Tue, May 28th, 2024 at 2am (EDT)

Influence of the aspect ratio of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes on their piezoelectric properties

Abstract

Recommended