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Two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride is a fascinating nanomaterial with a broad range of potential applications. However, further development of this nanomaterial is hampered because of its poor functionality and low processability. One of the efficient strategies for improving the processability of two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride is the covalent functionalization of this nanomaterial. In this study, we report on a straightforward approach for functionalization of two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride by lithium cyclopentadienyl and its application for water treatment. Cyclopentadienyl-functionalized boron nitride was characterized by different spectroscopy and microscopy methods as well as thermal and BET analysis. The synthesized nanomaterial was able to efficiently remove methylene blue from water in a short time. Adsorption capacity of this nanomaterial was as high as 476.3mg/g, which was superior to the nonfunctionalized boron nitride. Our results showed that cyclopentadienyl-functionalized boron nitride is a promising candidate for the removal of cationic pollutants from water.

The novel 3D graphene oxide/multi-walled carbon nanotubes/ZnO nanocrystalline aggregate (GR/MWNTs/ZnO) hybrids were prepared by a spray drying method, and their adsorption and photocatalytic degradation for methyl orange (MO) were studied. Experimental results show that the synthetic GR/MWNTs/ZnO nanohybrids exhibited very strong adsorption capacity and high photocatalytic activity for MO. The maximum adsorption capacity of GR/MWNTs/ZnO sample reached 106.2 mg/g, and the photocatalytic efficiency of ZnO nanocrystallines was improved about one time by GR/MWNTs hybrids.

In this research, the adsorption properties of biomass tube clusters (dandelion pappi) and carbonized biomass tube clusters toward dyes were investigated, respectively. The results showed that both biomass tube clusters and carbonized biomass tube clusters exhibited excellent adsorption properties for cationic dyes (alkaline orange and methyl violet). The adsorption properties of biomass tube clusters are better than that of carbonized biomass tube clusters. The adsorption capacity of biomass tube clusters to alkaline orange and methyl violet are 162.25mg${\text{g}}^{-1}$ and 258.34mg${\text{g}}^{-1}$, respectively, and carbonized biomass tube clusters are 158.50mg${\text{g}}^{-1}$ and 136.95mg${\text{g}}^{-1}$, respectively. Moreover, these materials display the excellent performance in terms of adsorption kinetics, and can reach adsorption equilibrium within 40min due to the characteristic of tubular structure. Simulation results demonstrated that the adsorption isotherm and the adsorption kinetics of the two materials were well matched with the Langmuir model and the pseudo first-order kinetic model, respectively. Besides the excellent adsorption property, many other advantages such as wide sources, environmental friendliness and low-cost make the present tube clusters potential application value in the field of dye wastewater treatment.

In this work, a novel adsorbent to adsorbed Cd(Ⅱ) from aqueous solution was prepared by immobilized persimmon tannin (PT) on chitosan(CS). The maximum adsorption capacity reached 126 mg/g at 303 K and pH 6.0 when the initial concentration of Cd(II) was 100 mg/L. The Freundlich model and the pseudo-second-order model can well fit to explain its adsorption isothermal and kinetic data, respectively. All these results indicated that the PTCS biosorbent could be used as a low-cost alternative for the adsorption of Cd(II) in waste-water treatment.