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This article studies the entrepreneurial intention of Algerian students to explain the weakness in business creation in the country. Theoretical and empirical evidence on this subject is scarce, particularly among young Algerians. By combining two dominant research trends in the field of entrepreneurship, namely an approach based on contextual factors, and one based on individual characteristics, we examined the impact of perceived entrepreneurial climate and entrepreneurial self-efficacy on Algerian students’ entrepreneurial intentions. Our study, contextualized in the student environment, aims to analyze how entrepreneurship education moderated the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention.

Based on a sample of 302 students, our survey yielded two important results. The first was the negative effect of perceived entrepreneurial climate on entrepreneurial intention. The second was that as a moderating factor, entrepreneurship education did not reinforce the significant direct influence of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on the intention to start a business among Algerian students. These insights may help improve the level of entrepreneurial intention within developing countries.

This paper traces the historical developments of accounting regulations in Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia and uses institutional theory to identify factors affecting International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption as the national accounting standards in these countries. We find that the extent of convergence with IFRS in Algeria is higher compared to Morocco and Tunisia. This has been mostly due to greater foreign investor flows from Western countries in Algeria during the last decade, the dominant position of international Big-4 audit firms, and strong trade relationship of Algeria with the European Union (EU) compared with Morocco and Tunisia. We discuss the main challenges faced by these three countries in converging toward IFRS. These are underdeveloped equity markets, switching from French fiscal-oriented accounting systems to Anglo-Saxon accounting systems, and are characterized by lack of knowledge of principles-based IFRS by local professional accountants. Moreover, the convergence with IFRS in these countries is confronted by the prevailing small and medium-sized firms in the economic environment, difficulty in fair-value measurement in these settings, and the cost of convergence for companies. Our study has policy implications for those countries sharing similarities with these settings and have undertaken steps to implement IFRS.

Algeria strongly welcomed cooperation with China along with its search for an economic and political partner that respects Algeria’s sovereignty, ethnicity, religious, and cultural peculiarities, especially as Algeria suffered a bitter experience under the French colonial rule that deprived it of a window into global markets even after the achievement of independence, and China’s partnership seemed like an auspicious beginning for the Algerian economy. Indeed, China opened its arms to Algeria and became its largest trading partner, surpassing France that has traditionally been Algeria’s number one supplier. Both countries are committed to carrying forward their friendship in a spirit of equality and mutual respect, mutual trust, mutual benefit, and common gain. On the one hand, China attaches great importance to its bilateral relations with Algeria, which were raised to a comprehensive strategic partnership level in February 2014, and on the other hand, the Algerian government played a very important role in encouraging Chinese companies to invest in various fields, adding new depth to the Sino-Algerian relationship.

In this study, we assess the future changes in minimum temperature (T-min), maximum temperature (T-max), and precipitation (PRCP) for the three periods the 2020s (2011–2040), the 2050s (2041–2070), and the 2080s (2071–2100), with respect to the reference period 1981–2010 over Algeria focusing on a validation of the Statistical DownScaling Model (SDSM). In this approach, to underpin our analysis, we evaluate statistically the SDSM performance by simulating the historical temperatures and precipitation. The NCEP reanalysis data and CanESM2 predictors of three future scenarios, RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5 are used for model calibration and future projection, respectively. The projected climate changes resulting from the application of SDSM show a convincing consistency with those unveiled in previous studies over Algeria based on dynamical regional climate model outputs conducted in the context of Middle East-North Africa region. By the end of the century, the results exhibit strong warming for both extreme temperatures under the worst-case scenario (RCP 8.5), it is more pronounced for the T-max and over the Algerian Sahara region. Under the optimistic scenario (RCP2.6), the strength of the warming is expected to increase for both extreme temperatures. The projected changes of precipitation revealed for all scenarios several discrepancies with significant decrease over the northwest region and central Sahara, while nonsignificant change is projected for the center and eastern coastal regions. Our findings corroborate previous studies using sophisticated tools by demonstrating that Algeria’s climate is expected to warm further in the future. These primary findings could give an overview of the application of the statistical modeling approach using SDSM over a semi-arid and arid vulnerable region like Algeria and would extend our knowledge in the climate-modelling field for the North Africa zone by providing an added value to the existing GCMs and regional climate projections. In addition, reliable information regarding the magnitude of future changes at local scale may be used in impact models to assess changes of other key economic sector variables such as water resources management, energy and agriculture.

We assess in this paper the spatiotemporal projections of extreme temperature indices over Algeria derived from the adjusted multi-model ensemble mean (MME) data derived from 11 daily historical simulations of CMIP6-GCMs models that participated in the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6). The projected spatial patterns of 12 extreme temperature indices defined by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices are assessed for two future time periods: the mid-future 2041–2070 and the far future 2071–2100, relative to the baseline period 1985–2014 and under three Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSP) scenarios: low emission SSP1-2.6; medium emission SSP2-4.5 and high emission scenario (SSP5-8.5). The selected climate indices reflect the intensity (TXx, TNx, TXn, TNn and DTR), frequency (TX90p and TN10p) and duration (WSDI, SU, CSDI, TR and FD) of the extreme thermal events. The MME Projections show a global heightened warming over Algeria. Future Climate features depict a continuous increase in the occurrence of hot days by the end of the century reaching 60% for SSP5-8.5 and an amplification of the intensity of the extreme temperature of about 6^∘C for SSP5-8.5 and an extension of the heat wave duration period of about 80 days in the north and 100 days in the south of the country compared to the historical period. However, the study shows a projected simultaneous decline in the cold spell duration of 7 days and in the frost days reaching 25 days. A stabilization of the upsurge trend is remarkably observed for most indices under SSP1-2.6 starting from the 2050s. The future changes depicted in this study should help to assess the distribution of the impacts across different regions of Algeria in order to enhance resilience, establish the appropriate adaptation responses and improve disaster preparedness.

This chapter provides indicators of Algerian women's economic activity and education, and their contribution to economic life. Using data from the 2003 Household Employment Survey, which covered more than 14,000 Algerian households, we analyze the socioeconomic characteristics of men and women, and then apply a bivariate probit model in which an individual's choice of occupation is associated jointly with employment status (self-employed/wage earner) and sector (urban/rural). The results show that educational level, work experience, and whether the employment is in industry or in services, all significantly affect whether men and women choose to work as wage earners or as self-employed persons. Women spend a considerable amount of time out of the labor market on child rearing and domestic tasks, and hence they have less potential work experience than men. In rural areas, women have a lower probability than men of being either self-employed or working for wages. Urban women are more educated than rural women, and therefore have better opportunities to be self-employed or wage earners. The services sector is Algeria's second-largest employer of women (administration is the largest): it is followed by agriculture and industry.

Entrepreneurs play a critical role in the socio-economic development of societies. Among these change agents, women entrepreneurs have drawn the attention of entrepreneurship scholars and policymakers recently. Nevertheless, there is a lack of attention to these entrepreneurs, especially in Arab countries. This chapter reviews the state of Algeria as an Arabic and Berber society. Therefore, after introducing the context, the chapter provides a historical overview of the country. Then, the authors review the main characteristics, motivations, and impacts of the Algerian female entrepreneurs. Afterwards, the gender-specific and constraints to women entrepreneurship in Algeria are discussed and finally, the chapter concludes with some future directions.