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In order to solve requirements conflicts when developing or enhancing an IT system, it is essential to understand its architecture. Frequently, the costs for the realization of certain requirements are a decision criterion. Requirements negotiation and architectural design must be treated together, as conflicts cannot be solved before the architecture has been designed. So far, no integrated process exists which clearly defines input and output among these activities, and which takes into account a variety of different types of dependencies among requirements and between requirements and architecture.

In this paper, we develop a detailed iterative process named ICRAD (Integrated Conflict Resolution and Architectural Design). ICRAD integrates requirements negotiation and architectural design and takes into account nine types of dependencies. We define three types of requirements conflicts. We also present a case study.

The interaction of human cultures and the built environment allows a wide range of interpretations and has been studied inside the domain of many disciplines. This paper discusses three interpretations descending from a systemic approach to the question:

- architecture as an "emergence" of the settlement system;

- place (and space) as an "accumulator" of time and a "flux" of systems;

- landscape as one representation/description of the human settlement.

Architecture emerges as a new physical conformation or layout, or as a change in a specific site, arising from actions and representations of political, religious, economical or social powers, being shaped at all times by the material culture belonging to a specific time and place in the course of human evolution.

Any inhabited space becomes over time a place as well as a landscape, i.e. a representation of the settlement and a relationship between setting and people. Therefore, any place owns a landscape which, in turn, is a system of physical systems; it could be defined as a system of sites that builds up its own structure stemming from the orographical features and the geometry of land surfaces that set out the basic characters of its space.

Disruptive innovation is a powerful means of broadening and developing new markets and providing new functionality, especially one that involves building a shared economic platform. However, despite Disruptive Innovation Theory has created a significant impact on management practices and aroused plenty of rich debate within academia, it is still not clearly understood how one might successfully achieve business model innovation by building a shared economic platform. Thus, this Chapter the adopts the case study methodology and analyses the process of disruptive innovation, aiming to disambiguate this black box by examining the case study of Sheke Net (SKN), a network platform of architectural design, China. The findings of this chapter highlight the significant role played by disruptive innovation in achieving a shared economic model. The findings of this chapter contribute to the research both on disruptive innovation and shared economic platform.

The user's identity management which becomes increasingly burdensome can be finished and the safety and reliability of the user's identity identification of the software system can be improved in virtue of RBAC model. RBAC module shall also be properly changed and modified based on the specific software application system to better adapt to and meet the business demand. Improved RBAC module is proposed in this paper based on the demand of the project construction enterprise through the study of the actual development process of the user's identity authority management in the safety quality system of project construction and the RBAC module-based workflow management system is also analyzed. In the operation process of the actual project, improved RBAC-based workflow platform has been successfully researched and developed and put into the project construction line. It plays a vital role in connecting several business systems and realizing the safety management of the user's identity in the management safety quality management of the project.