Narrow Results

This study aims to reduce the fabrication complexity and cost of nanoscale devices by utilizing a Junction-less Vertical TFET based on charge plasma for unmarked detection in biological sensors. The Heterojunction Ferro dioxide charge plasma Vertical Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (HJ-F-CP-VTFET) architecture offers the potential to streamline manufacturing processes and lower production costs. A small gap in the gate dielectric is created by selectively etching away the gate oxide layer near the source end. Initially, the drain current characteristics of two devices, HJ-Si-CP-VTFET and HJ-F-CP-VTFET, are compared. Following this, the impact of varying the length, thickness, work function and dielectric constant of the gap under different bias settings is investigated to understand the sensing characteristics of the HJ-F-CP-VTFET. The biosensor is evaluated and compared with the HJ-F-CP-VTFET, focusing on parameters such as total current density, electron concentration, BTBT e-Tunneling rate, electric field, energy band diagram, electron and hole concentration and SRH recombination rate across a range of $k$values from 1 to 12. The ATLAS device simulator is used for all simulations and designs. For the value $k=12$, the device HJ-F-CP-VTFET Ion/Ioff current ratio outcome is $1.116\times 10^{11}$.

A simulation study using molecular dynamics and the density-functional-theory/non-equilibrium-Green's-function approach has been carried out to investigate the potential of carbon nanotubes (CNT) as molecular-scale biosensors. Single molecules of each of two amino acids (isoleucine and asparagine) were used as the target molecules in two separate simulations. The results show a significant suppression of the local density of states (LDOS) in both cases, with a distinct response for each molecule. This is promising for the prospect of CNT-based single-molecule sensors that might depend on the LDOS, e.g., devices that respond to changes in either conductance or electroluminescence.

The design and fabrication of miniaturized, implantable, low-power wireless systems for continuous glucose monitoring hold great promise for diabetes mellitus inflicted patients. This involves addressing a variety of issues including extreme circuit miniaturization, robust electrochemical sensors as well as counteracting negative tissue response and biofouling following sensor implantation. In this contribution, we present a highly miniaturized microelectronic sensor platform that fits through a hypodermic needle and holistically addresses all aforementioned tribulations. For this, a custom designed complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor electronic device employing the 0.35 µm design rule has been integrated with a high performance amperometric electrochemical glucose sensor. The fabricated electrochemical sensor utilizes the stratification of five functional layers resulting in linear amperometric response within the physiological glucose range (2 – 22mM). The sensor is encased with a thick polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel containing poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres which provides continuous, localized delivery of dexamethasone utilized to combat inflammation and fibrosis subsequent to implantation. In vivo evaluation in a rat has shown that this system accurately tracks glycemic events. Such miniature size and low power operation (0.665 mm2 and 140 µW, respectively) of the electronic system render it an ideal platform for continuous glucose monitoring and other metabolic sensing applications.

A simulation-based study of sensitivity parameters of hetero (InP/InGaAs/InP) channel with source-side cavity double gate MOSFET (H-SCDG MOSFET) to detect the label-free biomolecules like uricase (K=1.54), streptavidin (K=2.10), ferrocytochrome C (K=4.7), and protein (K=8) has been done. A nanogap cavity is embedded beneath the gate oxide segment to trap the bio-targets, which gives the deviation in threshold voltage. By incorporating the dielectric modulation method, the sensitivity analysis has been done with the variation in structural parameters of the device. The impact of sensitivity with a variation of cavity length (L_cavity) and oxide thickness (t_ox) is also examined. The ample performance of H-SCDG MOSFET has been extensively studied by using the 2D TCAD platform. It is observed that the protein biomolecule shows the value of sensitivity, on current sensitivity and subthreshold swing sensitivity as 0.53, 1.75, and 0.96, respectively, with L_cavity=15nm and t_ox=1nm.

In this work, we present an extensive theoretical analysis of nonlinear optical waveguide sensor. The waveguide under consideration consists of a thin dielectrica film surrounded by a self-focused nonlinear cladding and a linear substrate. The nonlinearity of the cladding is considered to be of Kerr-type. Both cases, when the effective refractive index is greater and when it is smaller than the index of the guiding layer, are discussed. The sensitivity of the effective refractive index to any change in the cladding index in evanescent optical waveguide sensor is derived for TM modes. Closed form analytical expressions and normalized charts are given to provide the conditions required for the sensor to exhibit its maximum sensitivity. The results are compared with those of the well-known linear evanescent waveguide sensors.

Historically, fractal analysis has been remarkably successful in describing wide ranging kinetic processes on (idealized) scale invariant objects in terms of elegantly simple universal scaling laws. However, as nanostructured materials find increasing applications in energy storage, energy conversion, healthcare, etc., one must reexamine the premise of traditional fractal scaling laws as it only applies to physically unrealistic infinite systems, while all natural/engineered systems are necessarily finite. In this article, we address the consequences of the 'finite-size' problem in the context of time dependent diffusion towards fractal surfaces via the novel technique of Cantor-transforms to (i) illustrate how finiteness modifies its classical scaling exponents; (ii) establish that for finite systems, the diffusion-limited reaction is decelerated below a critical dimension and accelerated above it; and (iii) to identify the crossover size-limits beyond which a finite system can be considered (practically) infinite and redefine the very notion of 'finiteness' of fractals in terms of its kinetic response. Our results have broad implications regarding dynamics of systems defined by the same fractal dimension, but differentiated by degree of scaling iteration or morphogenesis, e.g. variation in lung capacity between a child and adult.

Bionomics Partners Johnson and Johnson Research.

AustCancer and BioFocus Join Hands in Heregulin Project.

BresaGen to have New Facility.

Roche Inaugurates New Citric Acid Plant in China.

US Agribusiness Giant ADM's China Joint Venture Starts Operations.

Dragon Pharmaceuticals Acquires Remaining Stake in Nanjing Huaxin Bio-pharmaceutical.

Hong Kong's Cheung Kong to List Biotech Business.

Ranbaxy Files IND for Pneumonia Drug.

Dr. Reddy's Completes Phase I Clinical Trials of Cancer Drug.

Morepen Sets up Four Strategic Business Units.

Takara Bio Produces DNA Fragments for DNA Microarrays on Industrial Scale.

Kyowa Hakko to Begin Phase II Trials of Urinary Incontinence Compound.

Eisai Establishes Clinical Research Subsidiary in the US.

Matsushita Develops First High Throughput Drug Screening Technology Using Biosensors.

AgResearch Seeks Approval for GM Organisms Development.

ICPbio Opens New Manufacturing Facility in West Auckland.

German Tissue Engineering Firm to Offer New Treatment for Knee Injuries.

Bristol-Meyers Squibb Cuts AIDS Drug Price.

SurroMed Transfers R&D Facility to Institute of Bioengineering.

Fast-food Firms Seek Thai Chicken.

Non-identical Female Twins Carry High Fertility Genes?

Scientists Discover Spina Bifida Gene.

Potential Flu Remedy Discovered in Seaweed.

Green Tea Contains Active Ingredients against AIDS.

Herbicide Offers Insights for TB Treatment.

Latest Ultrasensitive Biosensors by IBN.

Leading US Neuroscientist Appointed Chief Scientific Officer of Living Cell Technologies.

Trillium Therapeutics Acquires Australia-based Arthron Ltd.

Star Pharmaceutical Seeks Singapore Stock Market Listing.

Astellas and MerLion Collaborate to Develop Natural Products Drug Candidate.

Sumitomo Pharmaceuticals Signs Agreement with Merck & Co.

Biosensors Bags US Patent for Heart Stent Technology.

MerLion Pharma and Cancer Research Technology Announce Drug Discovery Collaboration.

OctoPlus and SingVax Collaborate to Develop Single-shot Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine.

Rockeby Moves into African Marketing.

Nandan Biomatrix Plans for IPO.

Takeda Phamaceutical Boosts Presence in US Drug Discovery Market.

Acupuncture in a Pill.

Biosensors Expands Its Presence in Asia-Pacific.

Miltenyi Biotec Establishes Asia Pacific Headquarters in Singapore.

AUSTRALIA – Australian Drug Delivery System to Kill Cancer.

AUSTRALIA – Vitamin C Helps Fight Cancer.

AUSTRALIA – Keyhole Hysterectomy Surgery Best.

AUSTRALIA – UQ and Alere Team to Develop Dengue Fever Test.

AUSTRALIA – World's Largest ADHD Study at UQ.

CHINA – Book on Chinese Patent Medicines Soon.

CHINA – China's Organ Donations on the Rise.

CHINA – Toxic Cancer-Causing Dyes Found in China Garments.

INDIA – Stereotactic Lung Radiosurgery Treatment First in India.

JAPAN – Japan Contributes $10 Million to AIDS Vaccine Development.

KOREA – UMass, Korea Explore Asian Medicinal Herbs for Diabetes.

KOREA – South Korea Industries to Invest $18.5 Billion in Clean Energy Projects.

MALAYSIA – Future Chinese Medicine Centre in Salak Tinggi.

NEW ZEALAND – Vegetable Growers Using Banned Chemical.

SINGAPORE – GIS Partners Life Technologies to Develop New DNA Sequencing Protocols.

SINGAPORE – HPB's Be Positive!

SINGAPORE – A*STAR's ICES Receives GSK-Singapore Partnership for Green & Sustainable Manufacturing Grant Award.

SINGAPORE – New Drug for Eye Disease.

SINGAPORE – Singapore to Make Smallest Biosensors in the World.

SINGAPORE – IME and Stanford University to Develop Nano Circuits Inspired by Human Brain.

TAIWAN – Scientists Reach Hybrid Sterility Breakthrough.

TAIWAN – Cooperation Agreement Between Taiwan and Malaysia Med-tech Firms Signed at BioBusiness Asia.

OTHER REGIONS — NORTH AMERICA – Researchers Discover Most Powerful HIV Antibody.

APTAR PHARMA Provides Unit-Dose Nasal Spray Technology for Treatment of Opioid Overdose

Cloudera, Broad Institute Collaborate on the Next Generation of the Genome Analysis Toolkit

Singapore-based Luye Medical Group Completes Acquisition of Healthe Care, Australia's Third Largest Private Healthcare Group

FEI Launches Apreo – Industry-Leading Versatile, High-Performance SEM

BOGE Publishes New Guide on Specifying Compressed Air for Healthcare

Takara Bio USA, Inc. and Integrated DNA Technologies Announce Collaboration to Support Targeted RNA Sequencing

Pelican BioThermal Announces Launch of New Asia Headquarters in Singapore

A Faster Way to Separate Proteins with Electrophoresis

Biosensors Announces Strategic Agreement with Cardinal Health

BGI and Clearbridge BioMedics Partner to Develop China CTC Liquid Biopsy Market towards Precision Medicine

SINGAPORE – NUS Study: Daily Consumption of Tea Protects the Elderly from Cognitive Decline.

SINGAPORE – Singapore Researchers Use Patients’ Stem Cells to Test for Side Effects of Drugs – Discovery Brings Doctors Closer to Personalized Medicine.

UNITED STATES – Diabetes in Your DNA? Scientists Zero in on the Genetic Signature of Risk.

UNITED STATES – Super Resolution Imaging Helps Determine a Stem Cell’s Future.

UNITED STATES – Wearable Biosensors Can Tell You When to See the Doctor.

AUSTRALIA – PromarkerD Predictive Diagnostics for DKD to Roll-out in Asia.

JAPAN – Enrollment Commences in Phase III Clinical Study of Eisai’s BACE Inhibitor Elenbecestat in Early Alzheimer’s Disease in Japan.

Biosensors: A million senses.

The mechanics of beam vibration is of fundamental importance in understanding the shift of resonant frequency of microcantilever and nanocantilever sensors. Unlike the simpler Euler–Bernoulli beam theory, the Timoshenko beam theory takes into consideration rotational inertia and shear deformation. For the case of microcantilevers and nanocantilevers, the minute size, and hence low mass, means that the topmost deviation from the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory to be expected is shear deformation. This paper considers the extent of shear deformation for varying Poisson's ratio of the beam material, with special emphasis on solids with negative Poisson's ratio, which are also known as auxetic materials. Here, it is shown that the Timoshenko beam theory approaches the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory if the beams are of solid cross-sections and the beam material possess high auxeticity. However, the Timoshenko beam theory is significantly different from the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory for beams in the form of thin-walled tubes regardless of the beam material's Poisson's ratio. It is herein proposed that calculations on beam vibration can be greatly simplified for highly auxetic beams with solid cross-sections due to the small shear correction term in the Timoshenko beam deflection equation.

In applicative biosensor technology, mathematical modeling plays an indispensable role in explaining the transport of electrical signals by analyzing the binding behavior of the biochemical enzyme inhibitors to the target molecule. The biosensors are extensively used in clinical diagnostics, drug detention, food analysis and environment monitoring because they are highly sensitive, reliable and relatively cheap. Dynamic mathematical models used for biological investigation serve the purpose efficiently with very reasonable outcomes. In this study, a time-independent mathematical model for biosensor enzyme–substrate–inhibitor system under uncompetitive inhibition based on the nonlinear diffusion equations taking into consideration the kinetic rate constants and the initial concentrations of enzyme, substrate and inhibitor has been formulated and solved analytically using variational iteration method (VIM). The reliability and accuracy has been proved by comparing our results with the solution obtained by standard VIM. Chosen biosensors showed desirable sensitivity, selectivity and potential for application on real samples. They are frequently made to prevent interference from undesirable components that are present in the monitored system. The VIM is effectively and easily used to obtain solution of nonlinear equations accurately. Further, the solution has been discussed exhaustively for different values of reaction parameters avoiding linearization and unrealistic assumptions and the results obtained significantly agree with existing literature.

Vertically oriented multiple-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) aligned on a silicon substrate were covalently bonded with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and used as biosensors or electrodes. The modified platform was investigated with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), UV-Vis spectrophotometer and Cyclic Voltammetry (CV). The enzyme catalyzed reaction and the subsequent reduction of the enzymatic products by the platform were carefully investigated. The assay was done by measuring the absorbance of the dye formed from the reaction product of the substrates (phenol) and 4-aminoantipyrine. From the linear response, phenol can be quantitized in the range from 47 ppm to 750 ppm with a detection limit of 19 ppm (based on S/N = 3). The resulting modified aligned MWCNTs still exhibited enzymatic activities after storage of 13 days. The activity of the attached HRP was also demonstrated electrochemically.

A rigorous preselection of identified compounds by in vitro cellular screening is necessary prior to using the drug candidates for the further time consuming and parallel monitoring stage. In this paper we introduced an integrated cell based chip which can detect changes of electrophysiological parameters by using microelectronic chips such as Light-Addressable Potentiometric Sensors (LAPS), Micro-electrodes Array Sensors (MEAS) and Interdigitated Array Sensor (IDA) etc. to record the extracellular metabolism chemical and biological substances, action potential and living characteristics of cells representing the different response. In this research we presented novel ideas including an integrating multifunctional cell sensors chip, obtaining the living cells as the source of cell sensors with cardiac myocytes. The characteristic curve and primary electrophysiological measurement of each part were tested. Further developments will be done by culturing living olfactory and taste cells on surface of the devices. Now, we have completed the fabrication of the sensor and obtained some promising experiments results in different sensor units. This research will be interesting and useful for parallel extracellular monitoring.

Molecule-based devices may govern the advancement of the next generation's logic and memory devices. Molecules have the potential to be unmatched device elements as chemists can mass produce an endless variety of molecules with novel optical, magnetic and charge transport characteristics. However, the biggest challenge is to connect two metal leads to a target molecule(s) and develop a robust and versatile device fabrication technology that can be adopted for commercial scale mass production. This paper discusses distinct advantages of utilizing commercially successful tunnel junctions as a vehicle for developing molecular spintronics devices. We describe the use of a prefabricated tunnel junction with the exposed sides as a testbed for molecular device fabrication. On the exposed sides of a tunnel junction molecules are bridged across an insulator by chemically bonding with the two metal electrodes; sequential growth of metal–insulator–metal layers ensures that separation between two metal electrodes is controlled by the insulator thickness to the molecular device length scale. This paper highlights various attributes of tunnel junction-based molecular devices with ferromagnetic electrodes for making molecular spintronics devices. We strongly emphasize a need for close collaboration between chemists and magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) researchers. Such partnerships will have a strong potential to develop tunnel junction-based molecular devices for futuristic areas such as memory devices, magnetic metamaterials, high sensitivity multi-chemical biosensors, etc.

Field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors exhibit excellent performance characteristics such as small size, ease of mass production, high versatility, and comparably low cost. In recent years, numerous FET biosensors based on various nanomaterials including silicon nanowires, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and transition metal dichalcogenides have been developed to detect a wide range of biomarkers that play a crucial role in early disease diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring and prognostic assessment. This review provides an overview of the structure, working principle, functionalization strategies and detection factors associated with FET biosensors based on diverse nanomaterials. Additionally, this paper discusses the applications of these diagnostic devices for detecting clinically relevant biomarkers such as nucleic acids, metabolites, proteins, cancer biomarkers, and hormones among others. The concluding section provides a comprehensive overview of the numerous challenges encountered in the widespread implementation of nanomaterial-based FET biosensors for clinical detection, while also presenting the future prospects for these biosensors based on current research advancements.