Narrow Results

This paper proposes a conceptual framework and a strategic idea for China’s green urbanization from the perspective of ecological civilization. The existing urbanization model — whether the activities carried out in the city or the city’s organization form — is largely a product of the traditional industrial era. China must think outside the traditional industrial box and promote green urbanization based on ecological civilization which is the fundamental solution to address the unsustainable development of cities. Green urbanization is more like “building cities in (natural) parks”, rather than “building parks in existing cities”, that is, creating a prosperous economy without destroying but making full use of the natural ecological environment. This means there will be profound changes to the development concept, the activity carried out in the city, the city’s organizational logic, and the implications of the regional economy. China’s green urbanization based on ecological civilization should focus on three basic tasks and two strategies. The three tasks are to reshape the existing cities, urbanize the newly added population in a green way, and redefine the rural areas. The two key strategies are to realize green urbanization of urban clusters that account for more than 90% of the national GDP, 70% of the total population, and 30% of the land area; and to urbanize county-level areas where about 60% of the national population resides.

Within the context of ecological civilization, this study examines Pakistan’s path toward green urbanization. This study’s main driving force is Pakistan’s rapidly urbanizing landscape, which makes it imperative to address environmental degradation and advance sustainable development. A paradigm change towards green urbanization is required because of the multiple environmental difficulties brought about by urbanization in Pakistan, such as pollution, resource depletion, and habitat loss. This study examines the current status of green urbanization in Pakistan through a thorough analysis using a mixed-methods methodology that combines quantitative data analysis with qualitative evaluations. The findings show that, although there are regional variations in the extent of implementation, there is a growing consciousness of and desire to implement eco-friendly policies and practices within urban areas. Goals for green urbanization are seriously hampered by issues including poor infrastructure, scarce resources, and institutional capacity limitations. However, there are encouraging indications of development such as programs supporting green building techniques, sustainable transportation, and renewable energy. Beyond the confines of academia, the research has implications that teach stakeholders, legislators, and urban planners about the necessity of incorporating ecological principles into urban development initiatives. Pakistan can reduce environmental risks, increase climate change resistance, and promote inclusive, sustainable cities for future generations by adopting green urbanization.