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We prove algorithmic characterizations of weakly chordal graphs, which lead to efficient parallel algorithms for recognizing P5-free and -free weakly chordal graphs. For an input graph on n vertices and m edges, our algorithms run in O(log2n) time and require O(m2/log n) processors on the EREW PRAM model of computation. The proposed recognition algorithms efficiently detect P5s and in weakly chordal graphs in O(log n) time with O(m2/logn) processors on the EREW PRAM. Additionally, we show how the algorithms can be augmented to provide a certificate for the existence of a P5 (or a ) in case the input graph is not P5-free (respectively, -free) weakly chordal.