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Over the past decades, Computed Tomography (CT) theories, technologies, and applications have undergone rapid development and deployment. Although CT was developed as an imaging technique primarily for medical diagnosis, its applications in areas outside the medical field have gained increasing attention. In particular, CT combined with pattern recognition techniques has been used in Explosives Detection Systems (EDS) for Automated Threat Detection (ATD) in checked baggage screening. In this chapter, we describe dual energy x-ray CT technologies and associated ATD techniques used for checked baggage screening at airports.