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The Indian economy has been experiencing high rates of growth in recent decades, primarily led by the industrial and service sectors, particularly between 2003 and 2012. However, the agriculture sector has been suffering economic distress despite experiencing increased intersectoral linkages with the rapidly growing nonagriculture sectors. It is argued that increasing linkages on their own may not be a sufficient condition for improving the economic well-being of agricultural households unless these linkages are combined with access to appropriate institutions specific to the agriculture sector—such as access to output markets, formal credit, and technical sources of information—that can generate positive spillovers. Using farm-household-level disaggregated data provided by the Situation Assessment Surveys for 2003 and 2013, I investigate the complementary relationship between intersectoral linkages and access to agrarian institutions in facilitating improvements in household agricultural income. I find that the magnitude of the linkage effect is higher for households that have access to various agrarian institutions compared with those that do not.
Background: The objective of this study was to determine whether economic well-being is associated with patient-reported functional outcomes and range of motion 1 year following volar plate fixation of distal radius fracture.
Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 200 patients with distal radius fractures treated with volar plate fixation at two Level 1 trauma centres from 2006 to 2017 with 1-year clinical follow-up using a previously published cohort. The economic well-being of patients was assessed using the Distressed Communities Index (DCI). Our outcome variables were patient-reported functional outcomes assessed by QuickDASH score and wrist and forearm range of motion 1 year after surgery. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to compare outcome variables across pre-established tiers of economic well-being.
Results: The mean QuickDASH score at 1 year following distal radius fracture volar plate fixation was 10.8 and ranged from 7.3 to 12.2 across tiers of economic well-being. QuickDASH score and wrist range of motion were not significantly different across all tiers of economic well-being. However, wrist flexion–extension arc at 1 year following surgery was significantly decreased in the economically at-risk group compared with the remaining cohort.
Conclusions: Patient-reported functional outcomes 1 year after volar plate fixation of distal radius fracture are similar across tiers of economic well-being. Economically disadvantaged patients are at risk for poorer wrist motion following distal radius fracture surgery, though it is not clear if this difference is clinically significant.
Level of Evidence: Level II (Prognostic)