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A MANET is a category of ad hoc protocol that could vary positions and track itself on the flutter. It utilizes wireless connections that are attached to several networks. They include wirelessly in a self-configured, self-healing network while not having permanent communication linked in a collection of mobile networks. The network topology of nodes typically varies in MANET, and nodes are free to stir errantly and independently as a router as they accelerate traffic to more nodes within the network. Ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) was employed for node selection to attain the shortest path strategy in existing techniques. In the proposed system, the hybrid AODV (HAODV) technique incorporates the MFR (Most Forward within Radius) technique to detect the shortest path routing algorithm. The MFR method was deployed for selecting the neighbor node, while HAODV was deployed to find the shortest path. To find the shortest path based on the updating equation, the Firefly algorithm is also implemented into the Hybrid AODV. The proposed work’s performance is calculated by different network parameters like the end to end delay, average routing overhead, throughput, and packet delivery ratio. After comparing AODV and DSR algorithms, the proposed algorithm (HAODV) shows improvement in packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, Routing overhead, and throughput.

This paper presents a comparative analysis of call set up times, MOS (Mean Opinion Score), packet end to end delay and packet loss for the H.323 and SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) signaling schemes used in Voice Over IP (Voice over Internet Protocol) calls. We compare voice performance parameters like MOS, delay, jitter and call set up times and establish the differences in performance of these two VoIP protocols through an opnet simulation. This detailed simulation study is performed over H.323 and SIP networks where we have shown that the H.323 network performed better in terms of call set up time and packet end to end delay for the signaling messages. However, MOS for the voice packets in both the networks was expectedly the same as the same network topology was used for both the signaling protocols. There has been an influx of a large number of signaling and transport protocols over IP networks, giving rise to unacceptably large delays, most unsuitable for real time applications. SIP and H.323 are used for establishment and release of Voice aver IP calls as well as Video and Media calls. Both these protocols play a very important role in terms of optimizing the call set up time and call reliability and flexibility over IP networks for real time applications like voice and video.