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Assessing air quality with multiple parameters is crucial and demands meticulous analysis due to its profound impact on human health and the environment. Traditional air quality techniques might overlook uncertainties in pollutant data. The fuzzy logic approach adeptly handles such uncertainties. This study thoroughly analyses two approaches: Fuzzy Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM) methods and the Fuzzy Inference System (FIS). Fuzzy MADM methods, including the fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and fuzzy VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR), are employed with a combined weighting approach involving Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Entropy. The FIS approach utilizes the Mamdani method built using MATLAB 2021b’s fuzzy logic toolbox. The air quality is assessed for the Diwali festival for the year 2022 in the various regions of Tamil Nadu, India. Spearman’s rank correlation is utilized to determine the result accuracy of fuzzy MADM and FIS. The fuzzy MADM methods attained a higher correlation of 0.88 compared to the Mamdani FIS of 0.84. Fuzzy MADM proves most effective in air quality assessment.

Renewable energy decreases the threat of energy insecurity. Solar energy systems are proving to be an easy and cheaper solution to energy crisis worldwide. Developing countries including Pakistan have augmented efforts to boost the current solar capacity. The identification of desired solar power point plant fabrication requires robust analysis of several factors. Adequate research has not been done on the site selection process for solar projects in Pakistan. This study identifies and proposes multiple point states having solar energy potential. Based on the multiple main and sub-criteria obtained from the literature, a mathematical formulation has been used to install the solar projects at rural areas of Pakistan. An empirical assessment of the off-grid rural solar power projects in Pakistan has also been conducted in this case study. The results reveal that mass, money supply and ratio are important, while the transmission on the matrix, the cost of land and the sun were generated. The study found the district of Barkhan (R2) of Baluchistan to be the most ideal site, followed by Jacobabad (R3) and Mastung (R3). With respect to economic viability, this study found that solar energy systems provide electricity which is much cheaper than conventional energy supplied in the country. This study could be useful reference for South Asian countries including India, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan, which are currently electrifying remote and rural areas through solar energy system.

Intermodal Transport (IT) allows savings in energy, time and costs, improves the quality of services and supports sustainable development of the transport system. In order to make IT more competitive it is necessary to support the development of intermodal transport terminal (ITT), whereby it is very important to make adequate decision on its location. This paper proposes a framework for the selection of the ITT location which would be most appropriate for the various stakeholders (investors, users, administration and residents). They often have conflicting goals and interests, so it is necessary to define a large number of criteria for the evaluation. A novel hybrid MCDM model that combines fuzzy Delphi, fuzzy Delphi based fuzzy ANP (fuzzy DANP) and fuzzy Delphi based fuzzy Višekriterijumska Optimizacija i kompromisno Rešenje (fuzzy DVIKOR) methods is developed in this paper with the aim of providing support to decision makers. The model is developed in the fuzzy environment in order to overcome the ambiguity and uncertainty of the decision makers’ evaluations of the criteria, sub-criteria and alternatives. The validity and applicability of the model is demonstrated by successfully resolving the problem of selecting the location of the ITT in the City of Belgrade.

A wide range of product lifecycle management (PLM) maturity models are proposed to assess the relative position of companies on their road to complete PLM implementation. However, it is a tough job for the company to dynamically evaluate the gradual process of PLM maturity by using existing values and accurately make decisions of improving PLM maturity by selecting the optimum alternative. A fuzzy PLM components maturity model (PCMA) is presented to build the internal logical relationship between maturity levels and existing values that can automatically predict the unknown PLM maturity levels. A fuzzy AHP–VIKOR methodology is used to make a decision among option PLM strategies. The weights of the criteria are determined by fuzzy pairwise comparison matrices (PCM). The weights of alternatives with respect to criteria are calculated by fuzzy VIKOR. The fuzzy AHP–VIKOR is a compromise solution and has the ability of transfer subjective and implicit linguistics into objective and transparent data. A numerical example illustrates and clarifies the running steps of the proposed methodology.

Continuous and effective communication with suppliers can play a very important role in the strength and balance of the supply chain and create competitive advantages for manufacturers. Choosing the right supplier is crucial while choosing the wrong suppliers can affect the financial and operational activities of an organization negatively. In this study, an attempt is made to tackle a fuzzy multi-criteria supplier selection problem of a detergent factory as a case study. Moreover, the objective of the investigation is to put forth a model within a fully ambiguous setting, as this allows for the model’s practicality in addressing real-world issues and achieving more precise outcomes. This problem is modeled as ranking 5 suppliers according to 15 criteria selected from the literature. For this aim, a stepwise solution methodology consisting of fuzzy DEMATEL, fuzzy QFD, fuzzy TOPSIS, and fuzzy VIKOR approaches is developed for the first time in order to cover all aspects of the problem e.g., the fuzzy DEMATEL is used to select the effective criteria and eliminate the unnecessary ones, the fuzzy QFD is used to determine importance weight of each selected criterion, and the fuzzy TOPSIS and VIKOR approaches are used to rank the suppliers separately. According to the computations made on the data of the case study, the ranking of the suppliers is obtained by both of the methods while some similarities of the obtained rankings are discovered. Consequently, this study introduces a hybrid model that combines highly favorable decision-making methodologies specifically designed for a fully ambiguous environment.