Narrow Results

The standard Penna ageing model with sexual reproduction is enlarged by adding additional bit-strings for love: Marriage happens only if the male love strings are sufficiently different from the female ones. We simulate at what level of required difference the population dies out.

A two species predator–prey model based on the Lotka–Volterra equations is proposed, where the fitness of an individual animal depends upon the relative strength of its genes. Simulations of the model show that the system passes from the standard oscillatory solution of the Lotka–Volterra equations into a steady-state regime, which exhibits many of the characteristics of self-organized criticality, including a 1/f power spectrum.

Visualization is an important component of modern computing. By animating the course of an algorithm’s temporal execution, many key features can be elucidated. We have developed a general framework, termed Call-Graph Caching (CGC), for automating the construction of many complex AI algorithms. By incorporating visualization into CGC interpreters, principled animations can be automatically displayed as AI computations unfold.

(1) Systems that support the automatic animation of AI algorithms must address these three design issues:

(2) How to represent AI data structures in a general, uniform way that leads to perspicuous animation and efficient redisplay.

(3) How to coordinate the succession of graphical events.

(4) How to partition AI graphs to provide for separate, uncluttered displays. CGC provides a natural and effective solution to all these concerns.

(5) We describe the CGC method, including detailed examples, and motivate why CGC works well for animation. We discuss the CACHE system, our CGC environment for AI algorithm animation. We demonstrate the animation of several AI algorithms – RETE match, linear unification, arc consistency, chart parsing, and truth maintenance – all of which have been implemented in CACHE. Finally, we discuss the application of these methods to interactive interfaces for intelligent systems, using molecular genetics as an example domain.

Diabetic retinopathy is the most common cause of blindness, associated with many biochemical pathways mediated by several genes and proteins. Disease gene identification can be achieved through several approaches but still it is a challenging task. This study, aimed to find out the novel genes associated with diabetic retinopathy. In this study, all the well-known genes associated with diabetic retinopathy were collected from databases and the protein interaction partners were identified. The interacting candidate genes were chosen by chromosomal locations, sharing with disease genes. The protein–protein interaction network was constructed and the key nodes (genes) were identified by degree, betweenness centrality, closeness centrality and eccentricity centrality. Further, the ontological terms, molecular function, biological process and cellular components were related with that of the disease genes with p-value $<0.05$. The genes UBC, FOS, ITGB1, FOXA2, CCND1, FOSL1, RXRA and NCAM1 were identified as potential genes associated with diabetic retinopathy. The molecular functions of these genes include protein binding, receptor activity, receptor binding, oxidoreductase activity, protein kinase activity, serine-type peptidase activity and growth factor. Many of the identified genes were clinically related as evidence by the literature.

This paper describes graphics-based teaching programs developed in genetics and points out to other educators how to create animated lessons to teach complex dynamic concepts in any area of science. Computer animations have proven to be very effective in teaching dynamic principles as well as illustrating static information.

Discrete time contact models are set up to describe the spatial spread of a gene or strategy in a system involving m genes or strategies. The results proved by Lui (1982:a,b, 1983), Weinberger (1978, 1982), Diekmann and Kaper (1978) and Creegan and Lui (1984), for the case m=2 describing the spatial spread of a gene are summarised. These results are extended to cover the more general (non-symmetric) model in evolutionary game theory. Results concern the existence of wave solutions, the speed of propagation, the spatial final size and the convergence to a wave form. In a system with m genes (strategies) a saddle point method is used to obtain the front speed of propagation of a new gene (strategy).

Dupuytren's disease is a fibroproliferative condition of the palm, with a predilection for men, which has affected Northern Europeans since the Viking conquests. Although strongly heritable, clear evidence exists for environmental factors that modify the underlying genetic risk, such as diabetes, heavy drinking, and smoking. Evidence also exists for epilepsy (probably due to treatment with certain anti-epileptic drugs), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection. Recent large studies have shown no relationship with manual labour or vibrating tools. Two theories have emerged regarding the pathogenic mechanism: the first attributes the aberrant healing process that characterises Dupuytren's to free radicals, generated as a result of microangiopathy, whereas the second cites a genetic tendency toward apoptosis-resistant myofibroblasts. Despite only one study demonstrating linkage, emerging data from genome-wide association studies highlight a series of single nucleotide polymorphisms near members of the Wnt signalling pathway, and transcriptional profiling studies have consistently identified certain components of the extracellular matrix.

Purpose: To epidemiologically assess the gender-specific relationship between height and radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee, hand, foot, and cervical spine. Methods: Data collected from men (N = 1090) and women (N = 2441) aged 40 years and older participating in the Clearwater Osteoarthritis Study (1988–current) were used (N = 3531). Physical exams including radiographs were conducted. The Kellgren and Lawrence ordinal scale was used to determine evidence of radiographic OA. Results: There is a modest, albeit consistent, increase in OA prevalence among shorter-stature study subjects at all four sites in women and at two sites in men (hands and cervical spine). Our adjusted findings suggest that shorter stature is a risk factor for OA for the hands, feet, and cervical spine, with odds ratios varying between 1.25 and 1.82. After adjusting for body mass index and age, this relationship maintained statistical significance among women for hand OA. (OR = 1.57; p = 0.0001) and feet OA (OR = 1.41; p - value = 0.009). Curiously, no significant association was indicated between height and knee OA for either gender. Conclusions: Shorter stature appears to be associated with an elevated risk of OA, but particularly so for women. Future epidemiologic studies examining this relationship can offer insight into skeletal growth and development knowledge, thus further elucidating the etiology of OA.

Purpose: We compared the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in rat chondrosarcoma relative to normal rat cartilage with miRNA expression in human chondrosarcoma relative to normal human cartilage. We did this in order to answer the question: Are the miRNA profiles of chondrosarcoma in humans and rats similar enough to allow for the rat model to be valid for study of chondrosarcoma in humans? Methods: Twenty rats were sacrificed, cartilage was collected, RNA extracted and 233 miRNAs analyzed. The expression of these miRNAs was then compared to their expression in normal human tissue and chondrosarcoma. Integrative correlation coefficients were applied to the data in whole to measure the similarity between the rat and human miRNA. Results: For normal human versus normal rat cartilage the integrative correlation coefficient was 0.84 (95% CI: 0.82–0.87). The integrative correlation coefficient for chondrosarcoma in human versus rat tissue was 0.70 (95% CI: 0.65–0.74). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that human and rat normal cartilage, as well as chondrosarcoma genetics, are sufficiently similar for use of rat models to study chondrosarcoma (integrative correlation coefficient $\mathrm{\text{values}}>0.50$). We also revealed similarities between specific miRNA, especially those with the most similar fold-change (miR26b, 126, 145, 195, and 320).

Australia — World's Biggest Genebank on Its Way in Australia.

Australia — Australian Researchers Discover New Improved Hepatitis C Model.

Australia — Meat and Livestock Australia Invests $1 million for New Livestock Pathogen Research Project.

Australia — Australia's Cloning Stance 'Damaging' to International Research.

Australia — Locust Researcher Dr Richard Milner Named Finalist for Eureka Prize.

Australia — 11th International Congress of Human Genetics Held in Brisbane.

China — Eiken to Launch New Subsidiary and Factory in China.

China — Ginseng May Improve Breast Cancer Outcomes.

China — China Claims Successful Phase I Trial of AIDS Vaccine.

India — Merck to Focus on India for Clinical Trials.

India — Avra Labs to Invest in New Facility.

India — India and US Pharmacopeia Sign MoU to Promote Awareness About Medicines.

India — India's Use of GM Cotton to Double in 2007.

India — Orchid Gets FDA Approval for Cefotaxime Injections.

India — India Claims It is 'Avian Influenza-Free Country'.

India — Viread to Retail for $1 in India.

India — Indian Government Sets up Committee on GM Food.

Indonesia — Indonesia Opens up Access to Bird Flu Gene Codes.

Japan — NIAS and Sanger Institute Conclude Agreement on Pig Genome Research.

Japan — GlaxoSmithKline and Shionogi Complete HIV Drug Study.

Korea — Singapore's Raffles Medical Group to Expand into South Korea.

Malaysia — Malaysia's Call to Venture into Nanobiotechnology.

Singapore — Eisai Pharmaceutical Marketing Subsidiary in Singapore Launches Operations.

Singapore — IFPMA Organizes the Asian Regional Conference on Intellectual Property, Innovation and Health.

Singapore — Former NNI Director's Breach of Ethical Conduct.

Singapore — Dr John Brown Joins SingVax as Chairman.

Singapore — Merck Invests S$100 million for Expansion in Singapore.

Taiwan — NSC Considering Plans for Clinical Research Facility.

Thailand — GSK Withdraws Application for AIDS Drugs in Thailand and India.

Thailand — Thailand's HIV/AIDS Treatment Should Serve as a Model for Other Countries.

Pharmacogenomics: An In-House Advantage?

Pharmacogenomics and Hope for Individualized Medicine.

Patentability of Pharmacogenomics Inventions in Europe.

AUSTRALIA – Minimizing Spread of Deadly Hendra Virus.

AUSTRALIA – Breakthrough High Blood Pressure Treatment Trial Down Under.

AUSTRALIA – Australia Sees Rise in Newborn Withdrawal Syndrome.

CHINA – CAS, Hong Kong University Set Up Joint Lab of Natural Medicine.

CHINA – Chinese Researchers Discover 20 Essential Genes in Polyoxin.

CHINA – China Aims to Lead Asia's Stem Cell R&D.

CHINA – China Rural Areas on High Alert for Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease.

CHINA – Hepatitis Infects 64 at China Hospital.

CHINA – China's Colorectal Cancer Drug Market will More Than Double by 2012.

CHINA – Critical Gene for Enhancing China's Super Rice Yield Identified.

CHINA – Chinese Scientists say New Discovery May Yield Clue to Cure Human Infertility.

HONG KONG – Compound to Fight Bird Flu Identified.

INDIA – Yashoda Cancer Institute Treats First Patient In India Using RapidArc Radiotherapy Technology.

INDIA – Indian Pharma Industry May Gain $18.4 bn from Global Market.

INDIA – Philips to Make India Hub for Medical Equipment Manufacturing.

JAPAN – Herbal Medicines to Treat Gastrointestinal Disease.

SINGAPORE – Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine Trial in Singapore.

SINGAPORE – Minimally Invasive Robot-Assisted Surgeries for Heart Patients.

SINGAPORE – US-Based Company Launches Singapore Doctor Search Site for Medical Travelers.

SINGAPORE – Genetic Research: Time for a rethink?

SINGAPORE – Test Kits to be Licensed.

SINGAPORE – Local Team Develops Method to Predict Heart Disease.

SINGAPORE – Consumer Genetic Tests – A Cause for Worry?

SINGAPORE – S'pore Firm's Test Kit Joins the Fight.

SINGAPORE – Singapore Gives New Hope To The Blind.

SINGAPORE – Singapore and Korea Research Institutes Embark on Landmark Collaboration for Breakthroughs in Micro and Nanotechnology.

SOUTH KOREA – Institute Develops Cheap Cholera Vaccine.

TAIWAN – Herbal Substance Developed for Cardiovascular Disease.

TAIWAN – Prototype of Household Breast Cancer Detector Unveiled.

TAIWAN – Breakthrough in New Diabetes Drug.

AUSTRALIA – Genetics Breakthrough Could Lead To New Arthritis Treatments.

AUSTRALIA – Nasal Spray Trialled for Diabetes Prevention.

AUSTRALIA – Kidney Cells Could Help Do Away with Transplants.

AUSTRALIA – Molasses Extract Helps Reduce Obesity.

HONG KONG – Chinese Medicine Could Treat Parkinson.

SINGAPORE – BN's New Genetic Engineering Technique Aims to Benefit Cancer Patients.

SINGAPORE – Singapore Doctors Design New Robotic Fingers for Surgery without Scars.

SINGAPORE – Prototype Tools for Mass Producing Nanostructures to Launch in Singapore.

OTHER REGIONS — Cancer Cells and Stem Cells Share Same Origin.

OTHER REGIONS — New Lung Cancer Gene Found.

OTHER REGIONS — Brain Waves Can Foretell Future Actions.

Veolia Water Solutions & Technologies receives two prizes at AquaTech China for AnoxKaldnes™ MBBR technology and its Carbon Footprint Reduction Program.

International Consortium Led by Chinese Scientists Announce the First Complete Sequencing of Pear Genome.

Eli Lilly Opens Diabetes Research Center in China.

China 'Soaring Ahead' in Nanotechnology Research.

Latest Genomic Studies Shed New Light on Maize Diversity and Evolution.

Insight Genetics and Kindstar Global Partner to Enhance Cancer Care in China.

Two studies from the Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology published in PNAS show how plants respond to changing environments.

China's Pharmaceuticals Sales Force Levels Surpass US for First Time.

Amplified detection of nucleic acid by G-quadruplex based hybridization chain reaction.

Dow opens Photovoltaics Films Application Lab in Shanghai.

Researchers discover molecular mechanisms of left-right asymmetric control in the sea urchin.

China mulls new rule on human genetic research.

China to phase out organ donation from executed criminals.

Charles River Laboratories to expand research models business in China.

Chinese Science Academy Chief urges seizing on new technological revolution.

BGI contributes genome sequencing and bioinformatics expertise.

Taiwan government to encourage formation of smaller biotech funds.

MRC Technology and Yabao Pharmaceuticals enter exclusive partnership in China to develop novel therapeutics for Parkinson's disease.

CARsgen completes series A financing.

Bitter food but good medicine from cucumber genetics.

Aeterna Zentaris and Sinopharm A-Think sign master collaboration agreement for Zoptarelin doxorubicin in China.

Plant used in traditional Chinese medicine may treat metabolic diseases and obesity.

Evidence that domestic chickens first found in China.

Climate change may blunt China's effort to fight disease.

Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute founded in Tongji hospital.

DKU Campus officially opens.

Medical education exchange meeting held to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the establishment of relationships between China and France.

Hips more popular than knees for large joint replacement surgery in China, says GlobalData analyst.

SINGAPORE – Letting Go.

SINGAPORE & JAPAN – ASLAN Pharmaceuticals Announces First Patient Enrolled in Phase 1 Study of Varlitinib in Japan.

JAPAN & UNITED STATES – Santen and twoXAR Announce Strategic Research Collaboration to Discover New Glaucoma Treatments.

UNITED STATES – New Study Finds Extensive Use of Fluorinated Chemicals in Fast Food Wrappers.

UNITED STATES – What Doesn’t Kill You Makes You Stronger.

UNITED STATES – Non-Invasive Test Offers Quick Skin Cancer Diagnosis.

UNITED STATES – Life Under Pressure.

AUSTRALIA & THAILAND – Commencement of BIT225 Phase 2 HIV-1 Clinical Trial.

CANADA – Understanding the Genetics of Human Height.

TAIWAN – TLC Announces Collaboration with CMUH in Exploring Solutions for Unmet Medical Needs in Oncology and Osteoarthritis.

JAPAN – Asia Pacific Medical Technology Association (APACMed) announces partnership with Japan Federation of Medical Devices Associations (JFMDA).

UNITED STATES – Gene Mutation May Speed Up Memory Loss in Alzheimer’s Disease.

UNITED STATES – Know the Facts About Skin Cancer.

UNITED STATES – Another Reason to Exercise: Burning Bone Fat – a Key to Better Bone Health.

AUSTRALIA & NEW ZEALAND – LCT Collaborates with Auckland University Centre for Brain Research to Extend Product Pipeline.

TAIWAN – Peptide Nasal Spray to Delay Onset of Alzheimer’s disease.

TAIWAN – TLC178 Designated by US FDA as Drug for Rare Pediatric Disease in the Treatment of Rhabdomyosarcoma.

Collective wisdom in action.

Xencor leukemia trial – hope for leukemia?

Dawn of the full genome era in Asia.

The following topics are under this section:

• Healing with Technology
• Smart Hospital: An Instrument of Care
• Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Precision Cancer Diagnostics: Myth or Magic?
• Transforming healthcare with data and Artificial Intelligence (AI)