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A simple, direct synthesis method was used to grow the core-shell SiC-SiOx nanowires by heating the NiO catalyzed silicon substrate. The carbothermal reduction of WO₃ by C provided a reductive environment to synthesize the crystalline SiC nanowires covered with the SiO_x sheath in the growth temperature of 1000–1100°C. After hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching, the cubic β-SiC nanowires were extracted from the core-shell nanowires in large quantities. A solid-liquid-solid (SLS) mechanism was proposed for the growth of the core-shell SiC-SiO_x nanowires.

The present view of biological phenomena is based on a biochemical paradigm that the development of living organisms is defined by information stored in a molecular form as some genetic code. However, new facts and discoveries indicate that biological phenomena cannot be confined to a biochemical realm alone, but are also influenced by physical mechanisms. One such discovered mechanism works at cellular, organ and whole organism spatial levels. It imposes uniquely defined constraints on the distribution of nutrients between biomass synthesis and maintenance of existing biomass. The relative (to the total consumed nutrients) amount of produced biomass, which decreases during the growth, accordingly changes the composition of biochemical reactions and secures their irreversibility during the organismal life cycle. Mathematically, this growth mechanism is represented by a growth equation. Using this equation, we introduce growth models for unicellular organisms Amoeba, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus, show their adequacy to experimental data, and present two types of possible division mechanisms. Also, on the basis of the growth equation, we find different metabolic characteristics of these organisms. For instance, it was shown that in logarithmic coordinates the values of their metabolic allometric exponents are located on a straight line. This fact has important implications with regard to evolutionary process of organisms within a food chain, considered as a single system. High adequateness of obtained results to experimental data, from different perspectives, as well as excellent compliance with previously proven more particular knowledge, and with general criteria for validation of scientific truths, proves the validity of the introduced growth equation and of the discovered growth mechanism (which has all indications to be a real physical mechanism presenting in Nature). Taken together, the obtained results set solid grounds for the introduction of a more comprehensive physical–biochemical paradigm of Life origin, development and evolution.

The hot stamping process has been widely applied to the production of automotive body parts because the stamped panels with both high strength and good shape-accuracy are easily obtained. Microstructure especially the austenite grain size and homogeneity played a great role on mechanical properties of hot stamping part. In this study, multiple heat treatment test (900~970°C) were carried out to estimate the austenite grain growth behavior of boron steel based on Beck Models. The result showed that the austenite grain size grew gradually under high temperature and long soaking times. The mixed grain structure easily appeared during 900~930°C holding 5~10 minutes which would be bad for part properties. The austenite grain growth equation of boron steel at 930°C based Beck Model was proposed as follow [4]: D=D0+0.3t^0.7893, where, D0-original grain size (um), D-grain size (um), t-holding time (s).

Classical central limit theorems, culminating in the theory of infinite divisibility, accurately describe the behaviour of stochastic phenomena with asymptotically negligible components. The classical theory fails when a single component may assume an extreme protagonism. The early developments of the speculation theory didn't incorporate the pioneer work of Pareto on heavy tailed models, and the proper setup to conciliate regularity and abrupt changes, in a wide range of natural phenomena, is Karamata's concept of regular variation and the role it plays in the theory of domains of attraction, [8], and Resnick's tail equivalence leading to the importance of generalized Pareto distribution is the scope of extreme value theory, [13]. Waliszewski and Konarski discussed the applicability of the Gompertz curve and its fractal behaviour for instance in modeling healthy and neoplasic cells tissue growth, [15]. Gompertz function is the Gumbel extreme value model, whose broad domain of attraction contains intermediate tail weight laws with a wide range of behaviour.

Aleixo et al. investigated fractality associated with Beta (p,q) models, [1], [2], [10] and [11]. In this work, we introduce a new family of probability density functions tied to the classical beta family, the Beta*(p,q) models, some of which are generalized Pareto, that span the possible regular variation of tails. We extend the investigation to other extreme stable models, namely Fréchet's and Weibull's types in the General Extreme Value (GEV) model.