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Talking is the most common type of human interaction that people have in their daily life. Besides all conducted studies on the analysis of human behavior in different conditions, no study has been reported yet that analyzed how the brain activity of two persons is related during their conversation. In this research, for the first time, we investigate the relationship between brain activities of people while communicating, considering human voice as the mean of this connection. For this purpose, we employ fractal analysis in order to investigate how the complexity of electroencephalography (EEG) signals for two persons are related. The results showed that the variations of complexity of EEG signals for two persons are correlated while communicating. Statistical analysis also supported the result of analysis. Therefore, it can be stated that the brain activities of two persons are correlated during communication. Fractal analysis can be employed to analyze the correlation between other physiological signals of people while communicating.

Background: Nowadays, service-oriented architectures and cloud-based infrastructures are widely used in manufacturing industries and IT organizations. These architectures and infrastructures are based on shared system resources. In some organizations, system resources like a printer, photocopy machines, and scanners are also shared among the members of the organization. The purpose of the proposed work is to model various types of shared system resources, shared system resources based architecture/infrastructure and analyze the model to identify the possible security risk associated with shared system resources and shared system resources based architecture/infrastructure.

Design Approach: To model shared system resources and shared system resources based architecture/Infrastructure, Petri net and its variations are used. For security analysis of the Petri net based model of the shared system resource, Petri net algebra based concepts are applied.

Results: The present paper successfully demonstrates that the proposed Petri net based modeling approach can be used for quantitative and qualitative security analysis of shared system resources and shared system resources based architecture/infrastructure. For quantitative analysis of security risk associated with shared system resources, information theoretic concepts are used. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, case studies are also incorporated in the present paper. The proposed approach can take various security risk factors like timing analysis attack, information leakage due to confidentiality policy violation and power analysis attack into the consideration while analyzing the security of shared system resources in the industrial environment.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of internal embeddedness of overseas R&D base, or the relationship with its parent company, on innovation performance of the base. While existing studies that examined the internal embeddedness have paid most attention to control–autonomy dimension, this paper takes into consideration the factors of information, human, and capital interaction between the base and the parent. Through such multi-faceted investigation, we found that the bases with weaker control by parent and stronger information linkage with parent demonstrated higher performance. Moreover, the research result revealed that the human interaction, e.g., the transfer of R&D manager from parent, had a pivotal roles affecting the degree of both control and information linkage. With these findings, it was argued that to balance dependency and independency in the base–parent relationship and to design appropriate human interactions for realising it would be important management issues in global R&D.