Narrow Results

This research investigates how women entrepreneurs navigate socially embedded gender assumptions to achieve success in both for-profit and nonprofit sectors, focusing on their identity crafting and self-presentation strategies and exploring differences in needs fulfilment. The research employs self-determination theory (SDT) and interpretative phenomenology to qualitatively investigate interviews with female entrepreneurs to track their experiences, examining identity construction, gender challenges, and breakthrough innovation. A systematic coding process reveals themes of gendered assumptions, identity, and innovation, juxtaposed with the pillars of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, ultimately aiming to understand the unique barriers and innovative strategies for women entrepreneurs. The interviews reveal their struggles against gendered assumptions, efforts to assert identity, use of innovation, and alignment with SDT’s psychological needs. They emphasise challenges, the importance of authenticity, and innovation’s role in challenging biases while highlighting how autonomy, competence, and relatedness needs are fulfilled. Overall, the interviews offer insights into women’s entrepreneurial experiences and strategies for success. This research explores female entrepreneurship as a distinct domain, shedding light on the nuanced variations in autonomy, competence, and relatedness needs fulfilment. By emphasising the necessity for customised support structures and inclusive environments, the study offers a fresh perspective on empowering women entrepreneurs, adding depth to our understanding of gender dynamics in entrepreneurship and underscoring the importance of tailored interventions.

Let $({𝔄}_n{,}^{\rho })$ be the involution monoid of Annular monoid ${𝔄}_n$ under the rotation involution ${}^{\rho }$. The involution monoids $({𝔄}_1{,}^{\rho })$ and $({𝔄}_2{,}^{\rho })$ are easily seen to be finitely based; Auinger et al. proved that $({𝔄}_n{,}^{\rho })$ is inherently non-finitely based if $n\ge 4$. In this paper, we show that $({𝔄}_3{,}^{\rho })$ is finitely based by providing a finite identity basis for $({𝔄}_3{,}^{\rho })$, which answers an open question posed by Auinger et al. Therefore, the involution monoid $({𝔄}_n{,}^{\rho })$ is finitely based if and only if $n\le 3$.

We prove that the semigroup of all transformations of a 3-element set with rank at most 2 does not have a finite basis of identities. This gives a negative answer to a question of Shevrin and Volkov. It is worthwhile to notice that the semigroup of transformations with rank at most 2 of an n-element set, where n > 4, has a finite basis of identities. A new method of constructing finite non-finitely based semigroups is developed.

This paper investigates uninorms that are neither conjunctive nor disjunctive on bounded lattices. New methods are introduced for construction of such uninorms, where some restrictions on the identity and the annihilator are considered. In particular, new types of idempotent uninorms on bounded lattices are obtained. Furthermore, some specific examples are provided to illustrate that these constructions differ from the existing ones.

This paper looks at society divided into two groups where personal assets as well as group specific values influences the individuals' utility (positively for own group's value and possibly otherwise for the other group's value). Individual resource allocation problem may lead to under investment in production of assets and excessive diversion of resources into wasteful destructive activities. As a result, the net utility is lowered for all individuals. On the economic front, such usage of resource boosts the "black market" economy and results in dead weight loss. Because in equilibrium both the personal as well as social value created is smaller, on the social front these activities encourage social disintegration.

In this paper, we show that all stalactic and taiga monoids of rank greater than or equal to 2 are finitely based and satisfy the same identities, that all sylvester monoids of rank greater than or equal to 2 are finitely based and satisfy the same identities and that all baxter monoids of rank greater than or equal to 2 are finitely based and satisfy the same identities.

A Gelfand–Dorfman algebra is called special if it can be embedded into a differential Poisson algebra. We find a new basis of the free Novikov algebra. With its help, we construct the monomial basis of the free special Gelfand–Dorfman algebra.

Let D be a division ring with centre F. Assume that M is a maximal subgroup of GL_n(D) (n≥1) such that Z(M) is algebraic over F. Group identities on M and polynomial identities on the F-linear hull F[M] are investigated. It is shown that if F[M] is a PI-algebra, then [D:F]<∞. When D is non-commutative and F is infinite, it is also proved that if M satisfies a group identity and F[M] is algebraic over F, then we have either M=K* where K is a field and [D:F]<∞, or M is absolutely irreducible. For a finite dimensional division algebra D, assume that N is a subnormal subgroup of GL_n(D) and M is a maximal subgroup of N. If M satisfies a group identity, it is shown that M is abelian-by-finite.

Assume that is the variety of bands, and the identities of involve n variables (n ≥ 2). In this paper, we show that is -testable and is not -testable.

Let $F$ be a field, and let $e,k$ be integers such that $1\le e\le |F\setminus \{0\}|$ and $k\ge 0$. We show that for any subset $\{a_1,\dots ,a_e\}\subseteq F\setminus \{0\}$, the curious identity

As Indonesia’s economy gradually improves, the government has been actively promoting its horizontal cooperation among developing countries by playing a prominent role as a non-DAC (Development Assistance Committee) provider. Though the country has been receiving aid over the past two decades, it has also been providing to other developing countries in the Pacific region. However, Indonesia’s relations with these countries face contention due to it being perceived as “big and aggressive.” This is evident in its decision to oppose the independence of Papua. After decades of seeking good relations, Jakarta has opened its Eastern door by creating a closer link with the Pacific countries through the provision of aid. As it moved from ignorance to awareness, Indonesia’s approach was aimed at solving domestic problems related to its national integration and territorial integrity in the east, particularly the issue of Papuan independence. The country made use of aid as its primary diplomatic tool in its “Look East” policy. This paper investigates the extent to which this policy has been instrumental in rebuilding, restoring, and improving Indonesia’s image among Pacific countries. It argues that the ethnic dimension is one of the critical determinants in diplomatic relations, and ignorance could lead to its failure. Furthermore, it shows that the use of aid has resulted in a constructive impact that has been evident in a decrease in support for Papua separatism in the South Pacific region.

Chinese identity in Southeast Asia has become complex and multifaceted over the past few decades. The Chinese diaspora in Southeast Asia has faced political challenges that pressure acculturation and assimilation, transforming its identity. This critical literature review outlines how Chinese identity in Southeast Asia has been viewed in connection with international relations and global politics. Using a taxonomic approach to scholarly works on the subject, the findings show that Chinese identity in Southeast Asia is a multi-dimensional one composed of diverse and unique community identities. Chinese identity is also viewed as a spectrum that is imagined both by nation-states and the community itself. Consequently, members of the Chinese diaspora are not simply viewed as actors, agents, or political instruments in international politics but also as independent subjects with their own stories and experiences.

This study explores how the identities of female independent direct sellers (IDS) influence brand performance in Morocco’s direct selling industry and highlights the entrepreneurial opportunities offered by this sector. Direct selling has become a vital pathway for women in Morocco to achieve economic empowerment and entrepreneurial growth. Through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 21 direct sellers in the Moroccan context, this research explores how various facets of IDS identity (personal, social, professional, entrepreneurial and self-projection) contribute to brand performance. The findings reveal that IDS are integral in co-creating the brand’s identity, and that their personal and professional identities significantly affect brand success. However, challenges such as limited educational backgrounds and inconsistent representation can hinder effective brand communication and trust-building with customers. Despite these challenges, IDS have developed critical entrepreneurial skills, including interpersonal communication, negotiation and self-confidence, which are essential for their success. The study also highlights that although IDS have made strides in personal development, their entrepreneurial vision and long-term self-projection remain underdeveloped. This research underscores the importance of aligning IDS identities with brand strategies and provides actionable insights for brand managers to enhance brand performance through targeted support and identity-driven training for female IDS.

This study examines how a person’s sense of identity (expressed in terms of openness to change vs. conservation) influences the way in which they screen early ideas for innovation projects. To study this, we recruited 20 experts from a leading IT-consultancy firm to individually evaluate and comment on 12 R&D project ideas. This data was then analysed by using a configurational approach (fsQCA) to understand how different experts combine various evaluation dimensions together to make sense of and decide on the goodness of an idea. The findings show that experts who are open to change view ideas as opportunities and approach idea screening as a generative process, while conservative experts are more reserved in their idea screening activities.

Let [x] be the greatest integer not exceeding x. In the paper we introduce the sequence {U_n} given by U₀ = 1 and , and establish many recursive formulas and congruences involving {U_n}.

The main purpose of this paper is, using the properties of Gauss sums and the estimate for trigonometric sums, to study the relationships between the sixth power mean of the classical Kloosterman sums and the fourth power mean of the 2-dimensional Kloosterman sums, and give an interesting identity for them.

Let $\{P_n\}$ be the Catalan–Larcombe–French numbers given by $P_0=1,P_1=8$ and ${(n+1)}^2{P}_{n+1}=8(3n^2+3n+1)P_n-128n^2{P}_{n-1}$$(n\ge 1)$, and let $S_n=P_n/2^n$. In this paper we obtain some identities and congruences involving $\{S_n\}$. In particular, we determine ${\sum }_{k=0}^{p-1}\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{2k}{k}\right)\frac{S_k}{m^k}(\mathrm{\text{mod}}p)$ for $m=7,16,25,32,64,160,800,1600,156832$, where $p$ is an odd prime such that $p\nmid m$.

Let $q,m,n$ be any integers with $q\ge 3$, and $\chi$ be a Dirichlet character modulo $q$. The general Kloosterman sums $K(m,n,\chi ;q)$ are defined as follows:

The twenty-first century places new demands on student learning. New times call for new literacies. We witness keen interest in "serious games" and the use of games to enhance student learning. Against this backdrop, this paper examines issues related to bringing game-based learning into classrooms. It is argued that the construction of students' identity and sense of self are important but mostly overlooked educational goals. It is also noted that immersive games, by virtue of three associated learning characteristics—embodiment, embeddedness, and experience—are well-suited to supporting identity construction goals because they orient learning toward performance competencies that are intentional and possess a high degree of personal agency. We advocate a pedagogy that involves dialectic interplay between game-play experience and classroom-based discussion and reflection. These ideas are illustrated through a research project on National Education in Singapore. The game we have developed, Space Station Leonis, is a hybrid that comprises two modes of play: simulation mode and role playing scenario mode. We show how the game has been designed to help students develop a sense of who they are and what they stand for in a classroom learning environment that seeks to facilitate development of their identity in relation to being and becoming a Singapore citizen.

Known and new results on identities of an $n$-ary group are studied in this paper.