Narrow Results

Underground square, as a recreation and activity place for citizens, represents the underground space quality of a city, so its spatial experience is of great significance. This research discussed the influence and effects of underground squares’ interface morphology on spatial experience. By field research of ten large-scale urban underground spaces, the basic elements and related numerical interval of underground squares’ interface morphology were summarized, and on basis of this, underground square virtual models with different interface morphology were built. Based on the platform of immersive virtual reality system (IVRS), combing the isovist method and the SD method, this paper made a quantitative analysis on the relevance between interface morphology and spatial experience, and the relevant compliance indicators of interface morphology were summarized. The experimental results show that the spatial experience is good at the interface density of 0.402 and interface opening’s aspect ratio of 2–3. This can provide reference and foundation for urban underground spatial design in future.

The effect of anisotropic surface tension on the growth of columnar crystals in ternary melt is studied, and the approximate analytical solution of the growth morphology of columnar crystals is given. It is found that in the initial stage of growth, some parts of the interface grow outward, while some parts first grow inward, and grow outward together with other parts after reaching a certain depth, which makes the columnar crystal interface form a remarkable concave and convex formation. Compared with the case in the pure melt and ternary alloy melt, the component added in the ternary alloy melt decreases the effect of the anisotropic surface tension.