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In recent years, blockchain (BC) technologies have been increasing for data secrecy, system reliability and safety. BC is vulnerable to cyberattacks despite its utility. According to the statistics, attacks are rare, which differs greatly from the average. The goal of BC attack detection is to discover insights, patterns and anomalies within massive data repositories, it may benefit from deep learning. In this paper, the Prevention of Insider Attacks using Blockchain with Hierarchical Auto-associative Polynomial Convolutional Neural Network in Cloud Platform (PIS-BCNN-CP) is proposed. Here, the node authentication is handled by the smart contract. The aim of authorizing a node is to confirm that only a particular node has the possibility to submit and recover the information. Then Hierarchical Auto-associative Polynomial Convolutional Neural Network (HAAPCNN) is proposed to detect the Insider Attacks as Malicious and Normal. Generally, HAAPCNN does not agree with any optimization strategies to determine the optimal parameters for guaranteeing the exact detection of insider attacks. Hence, the Bear Smell Search Algorithm (BSSA) is exploited to optimize the weight parameters of a HAAPCNN. The BC Enabled Secure Data Storage depends on Proof of Continuous Work (PoCW) consensus BC algorithm is used. The proposed system is implemented and evaluated using performance metrics. The results provide higher accuracy, and lower False Negative Rate when compared with existing state-of-the-art methods.

Blockchain technology has been hailed as the technology of the future, not only for banking and finance but also for supply chain management and logistics. As lack of transparency in global supply chains is a major risk for sustainability, blockchain offers an attractive solution in the form of a reliable platform to create transparency and risk management. Not considering the nascent stage of the technology, companies are investing millions of dollars into blockchain solutions for many business problems including that of supply chains. However, blockchain-enabled networkwide transparency and visibility also inject new dynamics into supply chains through introduction of structural changes like redefining what is organizational boundary, creating new resources, and a new transactional economy for supply chain management. The structural changes also create a fundamental need for organizations in a supply network to adapt their supply chain processes to this new and emerging supply chain structural dynamics for organizational and network-level efficiency and sustainability. For efficient restructuring of the supply chain processes, organizations need clarity regarding what should be the focus of their processes for creating sources of competitive advantage.

Using topic modeling, a text mining technique, this work finds the focus areas of supply chain processes in organizations with examples of successful application of blockchain technology. Apart from how these organizations have integrated the strengths of blockchain in their supply chain processes, we also provide an exhaustive theoretical explanation about how firms can create sources of competitive advantage from blockchain technology. Identification of the focus areas will also help operations and supply chain managers planning to implement blockchain technology and devise plans for data-centric decision-making for their SCM processes for efficiency.

A blockchain formerly known as blockchain is an interesting technology developed in 2008 to aid as the public transaction ledger for the cryptocurrency Bitcoin but then, the original effort on cryptographically protected chain of blocks implemented in blockchain was initially defined by Stuart Haber and W. Scott Stornetta in 1991. A blockchain chain can be defined as a growing list of blocks (records) or simply a chain of blocks (records) that is resilient to alteration of the information. It is a Merkle tree representation of blocks which contains cryptographic hash (timestamp, transaction data, etc.) of the former block such that the chain is resilient to alteration of the information. It is now an actively emerging technology platform for developing decentralized applications like data storage, crypto currencies, etc., in various fields like Digital Forensics, Business sectors, Biomedical engineering Smart contracts, and many more. Thus, the aim of this chapter is to provide an on overview on blockchain, distributed systems, basic concept behind blockchain, impact of blockchain on digitalization, hashing, private versus public blockchain, introduction to bitcoin blockchain, Bitcoin Mining, Ethereum and Smart Contracts, Applications of blockchain in Land Registration, E-Governance and Medical Information Systems, etc.