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Australia Achieves World Breakthrough in Eye Surgery.

Adult Stem Cells Give Hope to Heart Repair.

Australian Scientist Trying to Make Sense of Synesthesia.

Chinese Scientists Find DNA in Ancient Plants.

Chinese Scientist Develops Cancer Monitoring Bio-chip.

India Develops Three Varieties of Bt Cotton.

Rat Experiment Boosts Hope for Weak Heart.

Light Therapy Could Reverse Sun Damage.

New Zealand Scientists Breed Designer Mussels.

Thai Researcher Blames Fish Sauce for Sleep Deaths.

A novel approach for phototherapy is proposed. The proposed method is based on cell apoptosis according to halting activation of cancer cell membrane receptor by exposure to UV light pulses without any side effect. In the proposed method, gold nanoparticles are directed to cancerous cells by conjugating their surface with specific ligands. UV light is created locally adjacent to cells around the gold nanoparticles. UV light is generated due to nonlinear interaction of visible light with gold nanoparticles because of enhancement in third order nonlinear effects. For example, by using 780 nm laser, 260 nm UV will be generated around the nanoparticle because of third harmonic generation process. As the generated UV is localized around the cell, there will be no side effect for other cells. We have numerically analyzed the proposed method by solving Maxwell's equation considering third order nonlinear susceptibility and dispersion behavior of permittivity by 3D nonlinear finite difference time domain using Newton–Raphson method. Simulation results for different geometries show that UV light will be generated around gold nanoparticle and it is maximum in hot spots where electric field enhancement occurs. Simulation results illustrate that there is neither UV irradiation side effect to healthy cells, nor harmful temperature rise.

Light has been clinically utilized as a stimulation in medical treatment, such as Low-level laser therapy and photodynamic therapy, which has been more and more widely accepted in public. The penetration depth of the treatment light is important for precision treatment and safety control. The issue of light penetration has been highlighted in biomedical optics field for decades. However, quantitative research is sparse and even there are conflicts of view on the capability of near-infrared light penetration into brain tissue. This study attempts to quantitatively revisit this issue by innovative high-realistic 3D Monte Carlo modeling of stimulated light penetration within high-precision Visible Chinese human head. The properties of light, such as its wavelength, illumination profile and size are concern in this study. We made straightforward and quantitative comparisons among the effects by the light properties (i.e., wavelengths: 660, 810 and 980nm; beam types: Gaussian and flat beam; beam diameters: 0, 2, 4 and 6cm) which are in the range of light treatment. The findings include about 3% of light dosage within brain tissue; the combination of Gaussian beam and 810nm light make the maximum light penetration ($>5$cm), which allows light to cross through gray matter into white mater. This study offered us, the first time as we know, quantitative guide for light stimulation parameter optimization in medical treatment.

The current pandemic SARS-CoV-2 (also known as 2019-nCoV and COVID-19) viral infection is growing globally and has created a disastrous situation all over the world. One of the biggest challenges is that no drugs are available to treat this life-threatening disease. As no drugs are available for definitive treatment of this disease and the mortality rate is very high, there is an utmost need to cure the infection using novel technologies. This study will point out some new antimicrobial technologies that have great potentials for eradicating and preventing emerging infections. They can be considered as treatments of choice for viral infections in the future.

The current pandemic SARS-CoV-2 (also known as 2019-nCoV and COVID-19) viral infection is growing globally and has created a disastrous situation all over the world. One of the biggest challenges is that no drugs are available to treat this life-threatening disease. As no drugs are available for definitive treatment of this disease and the mortality rate is very high, there is an utmost need to cure the infection using novel technologies. This study will point out some new antimicrobial technologies that have great potentials for eradicating and preventing emerging infections. They can be considered as treatments of choice for viral infections in the future.