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We report on six patients of intramuscular lipoma of the hand. Four of them occurred in the thenar muscles and two in the hypothenar muscles. The mean age was 49 years (7–68 years). The duration of the lesions prior to excision was averaged as 35 months (12–60 months). Preoperative MRI was taken in all patients, and it was very useful for the diagnosis and differentiation between four well-circumscribed types and two infiltrative types. All operations were performed under loupe magnification. Preoperatively four patients with thenar lipoma had difficulty in moving their thumbs. Two out of four patients with lipomas in the thenar muscles had preoperative intermittent paresthesia and hyperesthesia caused by compression of the radial digital nerve of the thumb. Two patients with lipoma in the hypothenar eminence complained of difficulty with strong grip. The average diameter of the thenar group in its longest dimension was 5.2 cm (3–7 cm), and those of the hypothenar group was 5.5 cm (4–7 cm). At a mean follow-up of 55 months (21–91 months), no tumour had recurred.

In this paper, the authors offer a classification of benign fatty tumours of the upper limb. There are three histologically distinct types of fat cells: immature fat cells which give rise to lipoblastomas, mature brown fat cells which give rise to hibernomas and mature white fat cells which give rise to lipomas. Lipomas are the most common and they are sub-classified according to the anatomic site of fat cells into dermal, subcutaneous and sub-fascial lipomas; or tumours directly related to muscle, bone, synovium or nerve. Finally, the authors review 67 patients with benign fatty tumours of the upper limb and provide clinical examples of these tumours including their characteristic histological and radiological features.

Lipomas are space-occupying lesions that may rarely be responsible for compression neuropathies. Here we report a case of a lipoma arising from flexor tenosynovium that was responsible for a sensory disturbance resulting from the compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel. The patient had complete relief from the neurologic symptoms six months after lipoma excision.

Lipoma of the hand is a common lesion, but lipoma arising from the flexor tenosynovium is a very rare tumor that induces peripheral nerve disorders. Only four cases of synovial lesions that comprised mature fat at the wrist and imitated carpal tunnel syndrome have been described in the literature. We herein report an unusual case of a lipoma arising from the flexor tenosynovium at the level of the ring finger just proximal to the A1 pulley that was responsible for a sensory disturbance of the ring and middle fingers secondary to compression of the common digital nerve at the palm. The patient was completely relieved of the symptoms after lipoma excision.

To the best of our knowledge, there are no previous reports on anterior interosseous nerve palsy (AINP) caused by a soft tissue tumor after fracture of the distal radius. We treated a case of giant forearm lipoma that caused AINP one day after internal fixation of a distal radius fracture.

Triggering at the wrist with finger movement is an uncommon presentation. We present the case of a 46 year old male with painful wrist triggering with associated carpal tunnel syndrome caused by an intramuscular lipoma of the lumbrical muscle. As far as we are aware this is only the second documented case of wrist triggering caused by an intramuscular limpoma. Surgical removal of the tumour led to a resolution of the patients symptoms. We review the literature and discuss other published cases of this rare presentation.

Deep-seated giant lipomas are rare relative to the overall incidence of the tumor and their occurrence grows more frequent with age. A case of an unusual deep-seated giant lipoma in the forearm of a four-year-old child is reported.

Lipomas in dogs are a common benign mesenchymal tumor and are usually not life-threatening, but surgical management may be recommended if dogs develop discomfort and exercise inconvenience. To date, studies showing the relationship between body condition scores (BCSs) and the incidence rates of lipomas are rare, and definite risk factors are still unclear. The purpose of this retrospective, case–control study was to investigate the relationship between lipomas and obesity or high BCS. A total of 185 dogs were included in the study. There were 133 dogs diagnosed with lipomas in case group and 52 dogs without lipomas in control group. The diagnoses of control group included panniculitis, granulomas and non-neoplastic disease. To explore the relationship between BCS variables and lipomas, the binary logistic regression analysis was used. The results showed that, in dogs with lipomas, there were significant differences between those that were obese and those that had optimal body conditions. Dogs with $BCS\ge 7$ had a higher risk than dogs with $\mathrm{\text{BCS}}\le 6$, and the odds ratio was 5.04 ($P$-$\mathrm{\text{value}}<0.001$). On the contrary, seniors had a higher risk than adult. In conclusion, obesity and senior factor increase the incidence of lipomas in dogs with non-malignant skin mass.

Herein, we report a large lipoma at the spinoglenoid notch that mimicked a rotator cuff tear, which occurred in a 61-year-old male farmer. Weakness and pain in the shoulder started abruptly after hard labor, and our first impression was a traumatic rotator cuff tear; however, there was no tear on MRI, and complete marginal excision of a large lipoma at the spinoglenoid notch relieved the symptoms completely at a postoperative three-month follow-up visit. We believe that certain activities such as forceful shoulder abduction may have caused the sudden onset of suprascapular neuropathy in the loosely compressed suprascapular nerve by the lipoma.

A liposarcoma is extremely rare in the digits. A 73-year-old woman was diagnosed with a lipoma in her middle finger 10 years ago. As this tumor increased in size and presented with imaging findings that were atypical of lipomas, careful marginal resection biopsy outside the pseudo-capsule was performed, and the tumor was diagnosed as a well-differentiated liposarcoma. At the 5-year follow-up, the patient showed no evidence of local recurrence or metastasis, with no loss of hand function. The findings from this case suggest that even for a lipomatous tumor in the digits, further imaging examination and resection biopsy should be considered if the tumor presents with features that are atypical of lipomas.