This chapter is a highly abridged version of the EcoPeace Proposal for a water agreement between Israel and Palestine. It presents the design for an agreement between Israelis and Palestinians to share water in a physically realistic, ecologically sustainable, and socially equitable manner. Existing arrangements are, at best, inadequate and, in some cases, counterproductive. The proposal relies upon ongoing monitoring and mediation to achieve equitable and sustainable use at the most local level possible. The proposal also argues that an agreement on water can be reached now, before resolving the full range of issues required in a Final Status Agreement between Israel and Palestine.