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In this study, we augment Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) with an institutional embeddedness logic to develop and test a mediated model of the effects of perceived corruption on attitudes, social norms and perceived behavioral control, which in turn determine entrepreneurial intentions. We test our three hypotheses on a sample of 231 aspiring entrepreneurs seeking to start a non-farm business in three rural regions of Bulgaria. In our exploratory case study, we find that corruption perceptions are partially mediated by entrepreneurial attitudes and perceived control, but not by social norms. Corruption perceptions are positively associated with entrepreneurial intentions, indicative of the deeply rooted social acceptance of corruption in many transition economies. Theoretical, practitioner and public policy implications are discussed.

Beijing’s recent peace initiatives in the Middle East have drawn growing scrutiny and generated heated debate over its role in the Global South. Learning from the West’s hitherto mixed record in the regional peace process, China attempts to improve the effectiveness of regional peace diplomacy by focusing on three important ingredients, namely, neutrality, leverage, and timing. While Beijing’s neutrality stems from the long-held principle of inviolability of sovereignty and territorial integrity, its leverage draws from extensive and robust economic ties with regional stakeholders. Moreover, Beijing offers its good offices at a time when both the Iranians and Saudis have become conflict-weary, believing that continued tensions go against their own interests. Recent breakthroughs in peace diplomacy may raise local actors’ expectations to such levels that Beijing may find difficult to meet because China still defines its role as one of a facilitator, not a security guarantor.