Let n≥3, Ω be a bounded (semi-)convex domain in ℝn and the non-negative potential V belong to the reverse Hölder class RHn(ℝn). Assume that p∈(1,∞) and ω∈Ap(∂Ω), where Ap(∂Ω) denotes the Muckenhoupt weight class on ∂Ω, the boundary of Ω. In this paper, the authors show that, for any p∈(1,∞), the Neumann problem for the Schrödinger equation −Δu+Vu=0 in Ω with boundary data in (weighted) Lp is uniquely solvable. The obtained results in this paper essentially improve the known results which are special cases of the results obtained by Shen [Indiana Univ. Math. J.43 (1994) 143–176] and Tao and Wang [Canad. J. Math.56 (2004) 655–672], via extending the range p∈(1,2] of p into p∈(1,∞).