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Non-linearity and static power consumption are major challenges in the designing of digital and analog circuits. To improve the performance of digital and analog circuits, a proper selection of MOSFET device architecture is essential. The MOSFET device architecture with low static power dissipation and high linearity results in improves overall performance at the circuit level. In this work, a detailed analysis of cylindrical Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) Schottky Barrier (SB) MOSFET is done for analog and digital circuit applications. The analog device parameters and device non-linearity parameters for SOI SB MOSFET are extracted and compared with SB MOSFET and Dielectric Pocket (DP) SB MOSFET. The SOI SB MOSFET shows an improvement of 6.905% in output conductance (gds), 130.513% in early voltage (V_ea), 240.74% in transconductance generation factor (TGF), 35.901% in transconductance frequency product (TFP), 23.529% in the gain-bandwidth product (GBWP), 25.542% in voltage gain (Av), 130.968% in gain frequency product (GFP), and 179.964% in gain transconductance frequency product (GTFP). Third-order extrapolated voltage (VIP3), third-order extrapolated power (IIP3), and extrapolated intermodulation power (IMD3) have also improved in comparison to SB MOSFET. The Atlas 3-D device simulation tool is used for numerical simulations.

This study re-examines the validity of the relationship between the Singapore dollar–U.S. dollar exchange rate and relative prices using the latest econometric methodologies that account for non-linearity. Among others, this study finds Exponential Smooth Transition Autoregressive (ESTAR)-type non-linear mean-reverting adjustment process of the nominal Singapore dollar–U.S. dollar rate towards the consumer price index ratio. Unlike previous findings of a linear cointegration relationship between the nominal Singapore dollar–U.S. dollar exchange rate and consumer price index ratio, this study shows that the relationship is in fact non-linear in nature. The major economic implications of our findings are: (1) policy makers need to take non-linearity into consideration in their policy decisions; (2) the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) is able to maintain the macroeconomic equilibrium despite the authority's strong dollar policy; and (3) one should keep track of Singapore's monetary policy and other innovations in aggregate demand in order to closely monitor the movement of the Singapore exchange rate.

Our objective is to describe the speech production system from a non-linear physiological system perspective and reconstruct the attractor from the experimental speech data. Mutual information method is utilized to find out the time delay for embedding. The False Nearest Neighbour (FNN) method and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method are used for optimizing the embedding dimension of time series. The time series obtained from the typical non-linear systems, Lorenz system and Rössler system, is used to standardize the methods and the Malayalam speech vowel time series of both genders of different age groups, sampled at three sampling frequencies (16kHz, 32kHz, 44.1kHz), are taken for analysis. It was observed that time delay varies from sample to sample and, it ought to be better to figure out the time delay with the embedding dimension analysis. The embedding dimension is shown to be independent of gender, age and sampling frequency and can be projected as five. Hence a five-dimensional hyperspace will probably be adequate for reconstructing attractor of speech time series.

First-principles plane-wave pseudopotential calculations were performed to study the energetics and electronic structures of oxygen defects on rutile TiO₂(0 0 1). The influence of the material thickness on non-linearity (NL) was studied. With the increase in the thickness, the NL became stronger. Calculating the site-projected density of states by applying an external electric field showed that the NL of the bulk is due to the exchange of electrons between O 2p orbitals and Ti 3d orbitals. Finally, the influence of oxygen defects — oxygen vacancies (Vo), oxygen interstitials (Oi), and oxygen vacancies/oxygen interstitial (Vo$+$Oi) pairs (Frenkel pair defects) — on the NL of TiO₂ was studied. These results demonstrate that the band gap ($E_g)$ of TiO₂ became gradually narrower as the electric field increased. The Stark effect and defects can lead to the splitting of degenerate energy levels. Stronger electric fields increase the band splitting and reduce $E_g$. With the increase in the Vo concentration, the decrease in the splitting amplitude and width of the energy level lead to weakening of the transfer of electrons between O and Ti atoms and optimizing the NL of TiO₂. Therefore, the incorporation of Vo plays a significant role in improving the NL of TiO₂.

The Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment has measured a non-zero value of the neutrino mixing angle θ₁₃ with a significance of 7.7 standard deviations by a rate-only analysis.¹ The distortion of neutrino energy spectrum carries additional oscillation information and can improve the sensitivity of θ₁₃ as well as measure neutrino mass splitting . A rate plus shape analysis is performed and the results have been published.² Understanding detector energy non-linearity response is crucial for the rate plus shape analysis. In this contribution, we present a brief description of energy non-linearity studies at Daya Bay.

Fractionally integrated processes are a class of linear processes which lay between stationary autoregressive and unit root series in terms of their properties. Recent work on transformations of random walks have not been completely extended to I(d) series, but some results are available and are presented. It is noted that if the input shocks to the models have a positive mean, the process will have a non-linear trend in mean. Most economic "examples" of I(d) processes are positive series and so should have such trends, but as these are not observed, it follows that long-memory models hardly ever occur in economic. An alternative is stationary models with breaks.

A control system is a dynamical system on which one can act by using controls. A classical issue is the controllability problem: Is it possible to reach a desired target from a given starting point by using appropriate controls? We survey some methods to handle this problem when the control system is modeled by means of a nonlinear partial differential equation and when the nonlinearity plays a crucial role.

Biological systems are dynamic and possess properties that depend on two key elements: initial conditions and the response of the system over time. Conceptualizing this on tumor models will influence conclusions drawn with regard to disease initiation and progression. Alterations in initial conditions dynamically reshape the properties of proliferating tumor cells. The present work aims to test the hypothesis of Wolfrom et al., that proliferation shows evidence for deterministic chaos in a manner such that subtle differences in the initial conditions give rise to non-linear response behavior of the system. Their hypothesis, tested on adherent Fao rat hepatoma cells, provides evidence that these cells manifest aperiodic oscillations in their proliferation rate. We have tested this hypothesis with some modifications to the proposed experimental setup. We have used the acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line CCRF-CEM, as it provides an excellent substrate for modeling proliferation dynamics. Measurements were taken at time points varying from 24h to 48h, extending the assayed populations beyond that of previous published reports that dealt with the complex dynamic behavior of animal cell populations. We conducted flow cytometry studies to examine the apoptotic and necrotic rate of the system, as well as DNA content changes of the cells over time. The cells exhibited a proliferation rate of nonlinear nature, as this rate presented oscillatory behavior. The obtained data have been fit in known models of growth, such as logistic and Gompertzian growth.