Narrow Results

Classification of transconductance amplifiers (TA) based on the number of input ports and output ports is given. A systematic generation method of TA based on using nullator, norator elements, and pathological mirror elements is used to provide pathological realizations of different types of TA. Four pathological realizations of the single input balanced output TA each using two grounded G are given. Four pathological realizations of the differential input single output TA each using two grounded G are given.

Six pathological realizations of the differential input balanced output TA known as BOTA are given. Three pathological realizations for each of the two types of the differential input double output TA are also given. Finally, four alternative ideally equivalent realizations of the BOTA using two current conveyors (CCII) or two inverting current conveyors (ICCII) are generated from the pathological realizations.

Sixteen pathological realizations of the balanced output transconductance amplifier (BOTA) using four grounded G are generated. Each of these circuits is realizable using four current conveyors (CCII) or four inverting current conveyors (ICCII) or a combination of four CCII and ICCII. Six new pathological realizations of the BOTA using two grounded G based on current subtraction are introduced. Four new pathological realizations of the BOTA using two grounded G based on voltage subtraction are introduced. Several new pathological realizations of the FDDTA as a voltage subtraction stage and a BOTA stage are also given. Simulation results are included.

In a recent paper published in this journal, Soliman presented the methods of transformation of grounded inductors to floating inductors using operational floating amplifiers and floating second generation current conveyors. The purpose of this note is to bring on record the present author's earlier works on the same topic published about 24 years back which are closely related to the work reported in Soliman's paper but have not been cited therein.