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A proxy signature scheme allows a proxy signer to sign messages on behalf of an original signer within a given context. We propose a certificateless proxy signature (CLPS) scheme, and prove it's security under a stronger security model. Although some good results were achieved in speeding up the computation of pairing function in recent years, it is still interesting to design cryptosystem with less pairing operations. Taken into account the computational costs, our scheme only requires 2 pairing operations in delegation and signing, respectively.
Gap parameter of Lipkin–Nogami (LN) model is replaced by order parameter of the exact Ginzburg–landau (EGL) theory. Thermodynamic quantities such as energy, entropy and heat capacity for 96,97Mo nuclei are calculated using this modified form of the LN model (MLN). In the LN model, the gap parameter suddenly decreases to zero at critical temperature. This causes singular points in the graph of heat capacity. However, in the MLN method, the order parameter does not become zero at critical temperature and gradually decreases along with the temperature. This causes the singular points, which are predicted in the heat capacity of LN model to be eliminated. Therefore, the heat capacity as a function of temperature becomes continuous and S-shaped, which is qualitatively in agreement with the experimental data.
The idea of spontaneous symmetry breaking in many-body physics from personal perspective (Bose-gas, nuclear structure and a new approach of Generalized Density Matrix).
Nuclear level densities of 207Pb and 89Y are calculated using the Lipkin–Nogami (LN) method and Bradeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) model. It is revealed that the calculated nuclear level densities are highly matched with the experimental data of Oslo group. The excitation energy and entropy are calculated for mentioned nuclei. In the case of two studied nuclei the characteristic of being magic for the number of neutrons or protons causes the decrease of the excitation energy and entropy contribution of magic system at low temperatures.
The idea of spontaneous symmetry breaking in many-body physics from personal perspective (Bose-gas, nuclear structure and a new approach of Generalized Density Matrix).