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Nowadays, graphene-based materials are receiving a great interest in the scientific community. The present work describes a novel method of synthesis of reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared using a modified Hummers method. The GO was then reduced using the aqueous extract of Zingiber officinale and Brassica nigra by refluxing method. The reduction of GO was observed by changes in color from dark brown to black and then confirmed using UV-Visible spectral analysis. Surface Plasmon resonance for GO, Z-rGO and B-rGO were observed at 224nm, 344nm and 339nm, respectively. The morphology of the synthesized rGO were analyzed by scanning microscope. The stretching and vibrational mode were studied using FTIR analysis. The physical nature of the GO and rGO were examined using XRD. The synthesis of graphene using phytoextract as a reducing agent involves the simplistic and environmentally friendly approach.

Graphene in the form of film, fiber, fabrics and composites is widely investigated research area because of its remarkable physical, chemical and thermal properties. The acceptance of plant-derived products to synthesize graphene or reduced graphene oxide (RGO) has the supremacy of environmentally friendly, mild reaction condition, sustainability, cost effective and simple reaction procedure compared with conventional chemical synthesis methods. To synthesize RGO from graphene oxide (GO) in traditional chemical reduction method, highly toxic and hazardous reducing agents, capping agents, solvents are generally employed which severely affect and threaten ecological equilibrium and human well-being. In this paper, different highly facile and eco-friendly, low-cost green synthesis of RGO using aqueous plant extracts have been surveyed. The phytochemical present in plant extract, methods of preparation of the extract, detection of phytochemical present in extract, preparation of GO, methods of reduction of GO, mechanism of reduction of GO by greener way are discussed.