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The thermal applications of nanofluids are extremely high and researchers have suggested multidisciplinary applications of nanomaterials in heat transfer problems, thermal systems, chemical industries, thermal energy systems, nuclear processes, extrusion mechanism, etc. The aim of this work is to discuss thermal properties of nanofluids for Poiseuille flow with hydrodynamic effects. The magnetohydrodynamic Poiseuille flow of thermo-capillary levels of nanoparticles with apparent viscosity nanofluids is focused. The graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles are immersed in water-based fluid. The formulated system is solved numerically by using the Chebyshev collocation method. The mathematical technique Qualitat and Zuverlassigkeit (QZ) is applied to find out eigenvalues from comprehensive Orr–Sommerfeld technique. It is noted that the flow of nanofluids becomes stable due to the wave number and magnetic field. The Reynolds and Prandtl numbers have dynamic role on destabilizing the nanofluids transportation. The outcomes of this study are utilized in drug-delivery systems, photodynamic therapy and delivery of antitumor.

This study focuses on examining the hydrodynamic stability of an incompressible fluid flowing through a bidisperse porous medium. Specifically, the impact of slip boundary conditions on instability is investigated. The study looks at a scenario in which the Darcy theory is used for micropores and the Brinkman theory is used for macropores. An incompressible fluid is located within an unbound channel with a constant pressure gradient along its length in the system under investigation. The fluid flows laminarly along the pressure gradient, resulting in a stable parabolic velocity distribution that does not alter over time. Based on our observations, it appears that increasing the values of the slip parameter, permeability ratio, porous parameter, interaction parameter and Darcy Reynolds number leads to an improvement in the stability of the system. The spectrum behavior of eigenvalues in the Orr–Sommerfeld problem for Poiseuille flow exhibits significant sensitivity and is influenced by multiple factors, encompassing both the mathematical attributes of the problem and the specific numerical techniques utilized for approximation.

Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) and smoothed dissipative particle dynamics (SDPD) are three typical and related particle-based methods. They have been increasingly attractive for solving fluid flow problems, especially for the biofluid flow, because of their advantages of ease and flexibility in modeling complex structure fluids. This work aims to review what the exact similarities and differences are among them, by studying four simple fluid flows: (i) self-diffusion of quiescent flow, (ii) time-dependent Coutte flow, (iii) time-dependent Poiseuille flow, and (iv) lid-driven cavity flow. The simulations show that SPH, DPD and SDPD can give the similar results. SPH generates quite smooth results and has zero system temperature due to the absence of thermal fluctuations, suitable for macroscale problems. However, DPD and SDPD have fluctuating results around the reference results and nonzero system temperature with considerable thermal fluctuations, suitable for mesoscale problems. SDPD is more convenient than DPD to some extent, because it is not required to pre-define the force coefficients. SDPD can adopt more diverse equation of state (EOS) than DPD, because its EOS is user-defined unlike the EOS of DPD, inbuilt in the formulations.

In this paper, an improved dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) model is proposed to simulate magnetorheological (MR) suspension by using the cubic spline function to represent the interactions between magnetic and fluid particles. The model’s accuracy has been verified and validated through carrying out a number of simulations on simple fluids and MR fluids, in which both qualitative and quantitative agreements are observed between the DPD simulation results and the experimental findings and theoretical models in the existing literature. A series of numerical experiments are then conducted on MR fluids, thereby the microstructure evolution and flow properties of MR fluids in Couette and Poiseuille flows are investigated and the effects of some critical factors are particularly explored. Simulation results reveal that the plug region size, which relates to the yield stress of MR fluids, shows an increasing trend with the increase of magnetic field strength, particle volume fraction, particle mass but a decreasing trend with the increase of Mason number and pressure gradient; however, it remains almost unchanged with varying temperature.

Due to their unique thermal and magnetic characteristics, gold-DNA nanoparticles have a wide spectrum of uses in pharmacology, drug delivery systems, treatment for cancer, and other disciplines. The current problem that analyzes the planar Poiseuille flow consists of gold nanoparticles with a typical fluid based on kerosene. The impact of mixed convection is considered in conjunction with the effects of radiative heat flow and thermo-diffusion (Soret). The numerical technique is utilized to solve the one-dimensional transformed equation for flow phenomena using the built-in MATLAB function bvp5c, with specific fixed values of relevant parameters adjusted. However, for different parameters that are either joint or unique, they are presented in both the surface and two-dimensional plots. It is observed that the particle concentration, as well as the resistive forces, favors greatly influencing the fluid velocity; nevertheless, raising the Peclet number also retards it owing to thermal conductivity retardation. The fluid concentration increases as the Reynolds number increases, but the shear rate decreases. Furthermore, in the conclusion section, the applications for the present research and future scope are discussed.