Narrow Results

Trace elements in four kinds of soybean and three kinds of salt have been measured by means of in-air PIXE. In soybeans, which were made in Japan, America, Canada and China, six kinds of trace elements were detected, such as Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Br. The concentration of these elements varied depending on the place they were made. American soybean showed characteristic feature compared with other soybeans. As to the bromine concentration, American soybean contains ten times as much as Japanese one. In salts Br and Sr were detected.

Soybean is one of the major crops in the world as a source of protein. Spatial distribution of elements in bean sprout, soybean seedling, was determined by Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) analysis to investigate their transfer in the growth. Soybeans were germinated in a dark box at 25~26ºC using pure water without any mineral supplement. After 20hr, 40hr, 65hr and 137hr, the seedlings were harvested and each sprout was separated into cotyledons, hypocotyls, leaves and root. Each part of bean sprout was freeze-dried and applied to PIXE analysis. It was observed that K, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn moved from the cotyledons and the primary root to the hypocotyls and the 1st leaf, while Ca in the seed hardly moved to other part.

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The experiment researched toxic effects of two different concentration copper ions, CuSO₄, CuCl₂, on the germination in mung bean and soybean by hydroponics, then got the relationship between the concentration and effect, and we came to a conclusion that the concentration range of copper ion which plants could withstand. Thus to reduce the impact on the ecological environment., Experiments showed that the inhibition of germination rate on mung bean and soybean were gradually enhanced first and then little by little flatten out with the increase of concentration of copper ion; In the same concentration of toxic donor, the germination rate of mung bean was higher than that of soybean, such as in CuCl₂, the germination rate EC₅₀ of mung bean was 5.594 mg·L^-1 and soybean was 5.659 mg·L^-1; but in the same concentration of CuSO₄, the germination rate EC₅₀ of mung bean was 5.388 mg·L^-1 and soybean was 5.417 mg·L^-1, This illustrated that the tolerance to copper ion of mung beans was stronger than soybean; By comparing germination rate of mung bean and soybean which were cultured in the same concentration of CuCl₂ solution and CuSO₄ solution, we discovered that the solution of CuCl₂ on seed germination inhibition was lower than CuSO₄.

In order to investigate the influence of copper on leguminous plant root elongation inhibition in the period of bud. Hydroponics was applied in this experiment, we studied the influence of different concentration of CuSO₄, CuCl₂ solution on the root elongation inhibition which was a classic toxicity index data of mung bean and soybean, it was concluded that the relationship between the concentration and effect, then we drew the conclusion that the concentration range of copper that plant could withstand. Experiments showed that with the increase of concentration of copper ion, the inhibition of root elongation on mung bean and soybean were increased first and then leveling off in the experimental concentration range; in the same concentration of CuSO₄ and CuCl₂ solutions. the inhibition of CuSO₄ on root elongation was opposite bigger for two kinds of leguminous plants, such as in CuSO₄ solution, the EC₅₀ of mung beans was 1.278 mg·L^-1, but in CuCl₂ solution, EC₅₀ was 1.385 mg·L^-1; On the other hand, the inhibition of copper ion on root elongation was also influenced by the types of plants, For example, in CuCl₂,the EC₅₀ of mung beans was 1.385 mg·L^-1, the EC₅₀ of soybean was 1.214 mg·L^-1, but in CuSO₄, the EC₅₀ of mung bean was 1.278 mg·L^-1, the EC₅₀ of soybean was 1.102 mg·L^-1. It showed that the inhibition of copper ion on root elongation to mung bean was smaller than soybean.