Narrow Results

The properties of nanoconfined fluid are critical for the design and precise control of nanofluidic devices. To understand the fundamental details of the viscosity of nanoconfined aqueous NaCl solution, we investigated the impact of the thermal motion of silicon atoms on the viscosity of nanoconfined aqueous NaCl solution using molecular dynamic simulations. The results show that thermal motion of silicon atoms can decrease the viscosity of NaCl solution, and this impact is significant when the shear rate is small.

By taking into account the effects of thermal motion, the transverse momentum distributions of identified charged particles produced in nucleus collisions are discussed in the context of a hydrodynamic model including phase transition. A comparison is made between the theoretical predictions and experimental measurements. The theoretical model gives a good description to the data collected in Au–Au collisions at RHIC energy of $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=62.4$GeV. For Pb–Pb collisions at LHC energy of $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$TeV, the model works well up to the transverse momentum of about $p_T=1.1$GeV/c.

The transverse thermal fluctuations of the myosin molecule are significant. This paper explores the contribution of lateral myosin bending to the developed crossbridge force and power stroke. The equipartition theorem is used to calculate the mode amplitudes for myosin bending. Crossbridge axial force $F_x$ and power stroke $\mathrm{\Delta }x$ are developed by transverse in-plane fluctuations along the $y$- and $z$-axes. Practical applications include the effects of temperature on the flexibility of the myosin molecule stiffness and tension, relevant to man-made fabrication of synthetic muscle using micromachines and nanowires. Scaling laws for the $S2$ bending amplitude depend on filament length, mode number, and stiffness, as $n^{-2},L^2$, and (EI)${}^{-1}$. This paper quantifies the effects of thermal motion on the mechanics of miniature molecular motors, including the muscle crossbridge.