Narrow Results

The unsteady Casson and Williamson nanofluid flow via a radiative cone in a magnetic surface with cross-diffusion and chemical processes is investigated numerically. The Casson and Williamson nanofluid models characterize the behavior of non-Newtonian fluids. We transform the nonlinear dimensional PDEs into dimensionally free PDEs by implementing dimensionless parameters. The governed partial differential equations are addressed by adopting the Crank–Nicolson implicit approach. A parametric analysis is used to determine the outcomes of skin friction, Nusselt and Sherwood numbers. Increased Brownian motion and the Soret effect promote the transfer of heat and mass. The thermal and mass transfer characteristic of the Casson nanofluid is higher than the Williamson nanofluid. Regarding momentum dispersion, the Williamson nanofluid clearly dominates the Casson nanofluid. Conical mixers are used in polymer blending and plastics manufacturing. The relevance of this mixing step in achieving specified product attributes shows how mass and heat transfer concepts can boost productivity and output in engineering industries.

The interaction of thermal radiation and variable diffusivity through a vertical cone has been explored. The Soret and Dufour effects are considered. The main interest is focused on the investigation of properties of both wall heat flux alongside the mass flux through the porous medium. The modeled governing equations are simplified by employing the similarity transformations. The final governing controlled equations are resolved numerically. The behavior of flow field, dimensionless temperature and concentration for the sundry physical flow variables are elaborately analyzed via graphs. We have introduced that the novelty for our work lies in the dependence of variable heat flux on the thermal radiation, whereas the mass flux basically relies on the concentration. Comparison of the present results with the available literature reveals a high performance of the shooting technique for heat and mass transfer rates prediction.

The phenomenon of free convection above an isothermal vertical cone in the flow of Newtonian fluid suspended with solid nanoparticles like silver (Ag) and magnesium oxide (MgO) is numerically analyzed in this paper. Here, a convectively heated vertical cone is immersed in the infinite nanofluid with a porous medium. The fluid motion occurs due to the thermal gradient and force of gravity in the system. Energy transportation is studied with help of the empirical theory of Cattaneo–Christov. The physical effects included in the problem are heat source, stratification, chemical reaction, and motile microorganism. Further, the total entropy rate is computed. The flow, temperature, concentration, and microorganism distribution are explored in view graphical abstracts which are computed numerically by integration of the governing non-linear system of equations using the bvp4c technique. The outcomes are validated by relating them to earlier available data in the field, which is a remarkable feature of the proposed model. In this feature, an admired balance has been attained. The investigation proves that the buoyancy ratio characteristic and bioconvection Rayleigh number reduce the fluid velocity. Further, the concentration and microorganism stratification parameter effect diminish the motile microorganism and concentration distribution.

This paper intends to discuss the hybrid nanofluid flow through a cone in a Darcy–Forchheimer porous media, containing base fluid Methanol (CH₃OH), nanoparticles of titanium oxide (TiO₂) and copper (Cu). We have examined the flow under the influences of mixed convection, viscous dissipation, chemical reaction, and nonlinear heat source. In hybrid nanofluid flow, viscous dissipation and mixed convection play a crucial role in heat exchangers. By accounting for both mixed convection and viscous dissipation, the addition of nanoparticles into a base fluid improves the transfer of heat and optimizes the performance of the cooling system. Using the laws of conservation, governing equations have been constructed. The flow model is converted using the appropriate similarity transformations from partial differential equations to ordinary differential equations. The homotopy analysis method is used to solve the updated system of equations. When Forchheimer inertial drag parameter is increased, the velocity profile decreases, but it rises when the Darcy number is increased. As the value of exponential heat source parameter rises, the temperature profile increases as well. The result exposes that with an increment in nanoparticle volume fraction, temperature profile also rises but velocity profile decreases.

Spin coating of engineering components with advanced functional nanomaterials which respond to magnetic fields is growing. Motivated by exploring the fluid dynamics of such processes, a mathematical model is developed for chemically reactive Cu–H₂O magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) nanofluid swirl coating flow on a revolving vertical electrically insulated cone adjacent to a porous medium under a radial static magnetic field. Heat and mass transfer is included and Dufour and Soret cross-diffusion effects are also incorporated in the model. Thermal and solutal buoyancy forces are additionally included. To simulate chemical reaction of the diffusing species encountered in manufacturing processes, a higher-order chemical reaction formulation is also featured. Via suitable scaling transformations, the governing nonlinear coupled partial differential conservation equations and associated boundary conditions are reformulated as a nonlinear ordinary differential boundary value problem. MATLAB-based shooting quadrature with a Runge–Kutta method is deployed to solve the emerging system. Concentration, temperature and velocity variations for various nondimensional flow parameters have been visualized and analyzed. In addition, key wall characteristics, i.e., radial and circumferential skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number, have also been computed. Validation with earlier studies is also included. The simulations indicate that when compared to a lower-order chemical reaction, a higher-order chemical reaction allows a greater rate of heat and mass transfer at the cone surface. Increasing Dufour (diffuso-thermal) and Soret numbers generally reduces radial and circumferential skin friction and also Nusselt number, whereas it elevates the Sherwood number. Both skin friction components are also suppressed with increasing Richardson number. Strong deceleration in the tangential and circumferential velocity components is induced with greater magnetic field.