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We illustrate the use of World Wide Web technologies for the teaching of general science topics to undergraduate non-science majors. The newly developed course, Science for the 21st Century, consists of modules each presenting scientific topics of current interest and broad appeal. Network- and computer-based tools are used by instructors to: 1) present multimedia material in lectures; 2) produce and store Web-based modules; 3) communicate notices about the course. Students use computers to: 1) access and review lecture material; 2) explore information sources (located on our server or elsewhere) for term projects and homework assignments; 3) obtain information about the course and communicate with instructors. We describe our experiences with this course and formulate some general conclusions which might be of interest to others wishing to use network-based resources for teaching.

The Summary-based Object-Oriented Reuse Library System (SOORLS) was developed to support both librarians who manage databases of object-oriented reusable components, and software developers who intend to use these components to develop software on the Web. This paper presents the library management functions implemented by SOORLS, with focus on a software reuse approach based on the summary contents of the library. The cluster-based classification scheme proposed in this paper alleviates the labor-intensity domain analysis problem often attributed to traditional facet-based classification schemes. We then concentrate on the facilities offered by SOORLS' tools, as well as its Web-based architecture, which allows distributed access to reusable components on servers from a variety of platforms.

Both practitioners and researchers can take better advantage of the latest developments in graph drawing if implementations of graph drawing algorithms are made available on the WWW. We envision a graph drawing and translation service for the WWW with dual objectives: drawing user-specified graphs, and translating graph-descriptions and graph drawings from one format to another. As a first step toward realizing this vision, we have developed a prototype service which is available at .

There have been two distinct approaches to quasigroup homotopies, through reversible automata or through semisymmetrization. In the current paper, these two approaches are correlated. Kernel relations of homotopies are characterized combinatorically, and shown to form a modular lattice. Nets or webs are exhibited as purely algebraic constructs, point sets of objects in the category of quasigroup homotopies. A factorization theorem for morphisms in this category is obtained.

This work studies collective intelligence behavior of Web users that share and watch video content. Accordingly, it is proposed that the aggregated users' video activity exhibits characteristic patterns. Such patterns may be used in order to infer important video scenes leading thus to collective intelligence concerning the video content. To this end, experimentation is based on users' interactions (e.g., pause, seek/scrub) that have been gathered in a controlled user experiment with information-rich videos. Collective information seeking behavior is then modeled by means of the corresponding probability distribution function. Thus, it is argued that the bell-shaped reference patterns are shown to significantly correlate with predefined scenes of interest for each video, as annotated by the users. In this way, the observed collective intelligence may be used to provide a video-segment detection tool that identifies the importance of video scenes. Accordingly, both a stochastic and a pattern matching approach are applied on the users' interactions information. The results received indicate increased accuracy in identifying the areas selected by users as having high importance information. In practice, the proposed techniques might improve both navigation within videos on the web as well as video search results with personalised video thumbnails.

Reconstruction of the first web is an important technique for thumb adduction contracture accompanying congenital anomalies. Our previous cases have been reviewed here to evaluate and compare the indications, results, and problems for these two techniques. The angle formed by the first and second metacarpals (first-second metacarpal angle; 1–2 MCA) on the anterio-posterior (AP) view of the hand, with the thumb in maximum radial abduction, was measured from X-ray.

There were 37 patients (43 hands: 27 males, ten females). The average age at the time of surgery was 6.6 years (range, two to 22 years). The five-flap Z-plasty was performed on 20 hands. The spinner flap was performed on 23 hands. The Spinner flap is indicated when contractures are severe or when the preoperative 1–2 MCA is <20°. The five-flap Z-plasty is indicated when contractures are mild or when the preoperative 1–2 MCA is ≥20°.

Agent-based information filtering alleviates the problem of information overload on the Internet by proactively scanning through the incoming stream of information on behalf of the users. Nevertheless, users' information needs will change over time. Therefore, it is essential for the information filtering agents to learn and adapt to the users' changing information needs in order to maintain the accuracy of the filtering process. Applying logic-based representation and adaptation to adaptive information filtering agents is promising since the semantic relationships among information items can be captured and reasoned about during the agents' learning and adaptation processes. This opens the door to a more responsive reinforcement learning than can be obtained from a purely statistical approach. The AGM belief revision paradigm that models rational and minimal change of an agent's beliefs offers a sound theoretical foundation for constructing the learning components of adaptive information filtering agents. This paper describes a symbolic framework for representing domain knowledge in an adaptive information filtering agent, and illustrates how the AGM belief revision paradigm can be applied to develop the agent's learning mechanism.

XML sets a standard for the exchange of business data that is completely platform- and vendor-neutral. XML is in increasingly wide use for Web applications, especially for business-to-business integration. Because XML data comes in many forms, the most important technology needed for XML applications is the ability to transform it from one to another ("vocabulary translation"), and to convert it to visible renderings.

The present status of Web-based e-Content Management System and the fundamentality of data rendering engine in I will be analyzed in this paper. This paper focuses on the rendering of XML/XSL documents into a readable and printable format by means of a platform-independent process that grants high-quality printing and presents the product that has been developed. X2P Server provides the GUI IDE for designing the XSLT and a rendering engine package for rendering XSL stylesheet into PDF and other output formats. In this paper, we will introduce the core component in X2P Server, the data rendering engine package. We also present different levels of object abstraction. And the design pattern and the complete process of formatting and representing XSL stylesheet into different types of output formats in X2P server will be shown.

Analysis of user clickstreams on the World Wide Web is made challenging by the volume of data and the difficulty of visualizing millions of different navigation paths. We present a method for identifying user clickpaths which scales well on large amounts of data, and provides an intuitive and insightful visual representation of user activity. Our technique borrows from the data mining literature on association rules and the computer graphics literature on graph layout optimization. The method is demonstrated with data from two commercial sources and paints a fascinating picture of web activity.

Being increasingly popular, the Internet greatly changes our lives. We can conveniently receive and send information via the Internet. With the information explosion on the Web, it is becoming crucial to develop means to automatically extract important sentences from the Web articles. In this paper, we propose a method which uses both statistical and structural information for sentence extraction. In addition, following the analysis of human's extractions, several heuristic rules are added to filter out non-important sentences and to prevent similar sentences from being extracted. Our experimental results proved the effectiveness of these means. In particular, once the heuristic rules being added, a significant improvement has been observed.

In this paper we present a novel technique for determining term importance by exploiting concept-based information found in ontologies. Calculating term importance is a significant and fundamental aspect of most information retrieval approaches, and it is traditionally determined through inverse document frequency (IDF). We propose concept-based term weighting (CBW), a technique that is fundamentally different to IDF in that it calculates term importance by intuitively interpreting the conceptual information in ontologies. We show that when CBW is used in an approach for web information retrieval on benchmark data, it performs comparatively to IDF, with only a 3.5% degradation in retrieval accuracy. While this small degradation has been observed, the significance of this technique is that (1) unlike IDF, CBW is independent of document collection statistics, (2) it presents a new way of interpreting ontologies for retrieval, and (3) it introduces an additional source of term importance information that can be used for term weighting.

Functional research on biological macromolecules must focus on specific local regions. PDBlocal is a web-based tool developed to overcome the limitations of traditional molecular visualization tools for three-dimensional (3D) inspection of local regions. PDBlocal provides an intuitive and easy-to-manipulate web page interface and some new useful functions. It can keep local regions flashing, display sequence text that is dynamically consistent with the 3D structure in local appearance under multiple local manipulations, use two scenes to help users inspect the same local region with different statuses, list all historical manipulation statuses with a tree structure, allow users to annotate regions of interest, and save all historical statuses and other data to a web server for future research. PDBlocal has met expectations and shown satisfactory performance for both expert and novice users. This tool is available at http://labsystem.scuec.edu.cn/pdblocal/.

Researchers have argued that current Web modelling languages have various limitations including disconnection between business models and technical architectures and also disconnection between functional architecture and information architecture. Addressing the problem; Web Information Exchange Diagrams are developed in two flavours, WIED and WIED-UML. WIED-UML is developed to primarily address the problem of disconnection between functional architecture and information architecture. However, we argue that it, doesn’t really address the issue, because WIED-UML is developed on a set of different UML-Unified Modelling Language notations which don’t have semantic conformity with current UML metamodel. Creating transformation rules between models not conforming to common metamodel vocabulary, would not lead to an elegant solution. Hence in this paper, we propose a solution, using UML 2.0 Profile for WIED. We demonstrate it by an example and argue that it is a potential improvement of generic WIED model besides eliminating the requirement for non-standard WIED-UML.

The emerging electricity market of imperfect competition makes it possible for each power supplier to gain more profits through strategic bidding. However, no matter what kind of bidding strategy, it is essential to gain mass data and analyze them. Therefore, the data warehouse based on Web is applied to bidding strategy for power supplier in this paper. By this way, it would supply reasonable information to the decision maker. In order to take full advantage of web-based data warehouse, the author deeply analyzes each level in the classic triple-level structure of it. By introducing the software Agent technology to every part of the structure, the author proposes a web data warehouse system structure based on the Agent to solve the shortages of the web-based data warehouse system that traditional method can’t solve. To the important issue that how to integrate the useful web data to data warehouse, the method is proposed to transfer the HTML page into XML data source combined with Agent technology. So, the power supplier could make the best of network resource, and transfer them into own data warehouse for building the optimal bidding strategy. Additionally, the applications of Agent on the application server layer and on the data warehouse system are analyzed respectively. According to this method, the feasible and efficient web-based data warehouse could be constituted for the power supplier.

Because the 3D sights is very complex, it is difficult to realize the simulation and visualization of 3D sights on internet. We design and develop a system of B/S architecture for interactively browsing the 3D sights on the Web. To support the simulation of 3D sights with high performance, an extended-relational logical model of 3D sights is designed, based on this model, the sights data can be organized and managed effectively by Oracle spatial. In addition, a specification for transporting sights data between Web server and browser is defined with XML, Additionally, an effective strategy for sights data schedule is designed to support the real-time rendering of 3D sights. With our system, user can interactively browse complex 3D sights on the node of internet.

Integrating various data sources is a major problem in knowledge management. Integration systems proposed in the last two decades as a solution start showing some limitations for various reasons. First the environment scaled from a few data sources in the same location to an unknown number of possible data sources on the Web. Second the sources to be integrated may change quickly over time. We propose in this article a method allowing for the dynamic integration of data sources on the web. Based on a network of schemas (database schemas, ontologies) related via mappings our algorithm generates a global view over a set of resources. Our approach presents the advantage to minimize the necessary human intervention in order to integrate sources.

This paper describes the development of a web-based system for seismic performance evaluation and preliminary design of inelastic structures. The core of system includes a simple yet accurate performance-based earthquake engineering procedure based on the Capacity-Spectrum Method. The present system allows authenticated users to carry out seismic performance evaluation, preliminary design for inelastic, bridge column as well as searching previous data and results from their offices or directly from the field. Accuracy of the procedure is verified by comparing with published data. The architecture and functions of system are given. Example of the present system is presented.

A multi-functional crop intelligent monitoring system, including internet and Arduino micro-controllers, function to upload humiture, soil moisture, light intensity, PM2.5, harmful gas and other real time data. The system's other functions include automatic watering of crops when the humidity data exceeds warning levels, broadcasting the condition of crops by Microblog, remotely controlling the watering and lighting by web and WeChat and remote video monitoring. Data collection of sensor data is conducted by Arduino UNO micro-controller and the data is uploaded real time into the internet by HLK-RM04 WiFi module. Software functions of the system include real time charts by Websocket, JavaScript in PC and mobile internet, and concurrently, the implementation of WeChat control and Microblog broadcast through Tencent micro channel public platform and Sina Microblog.

With the popularity of mobile terminals, Web system must adapt to the mobile terminals. In this paper, introduction mobile web systems development, analyze the characteristics of HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript and popular framework technology. On this basis, to explore the development of a more rational structure, information architecture comb. Proposed two JavaScript script code optimization program to make system development more lightweight, improves data transfer speeds.

The existing online customer service to send and receive files in the WAN are the entitative files, the network overhead is large. This paper proposes a file transmission optimization method. It makes the transferred files stored in the regional server temporarily. Through the files’ MD5 to determine if there had entitative files on server, and through a series of optimization mechanism, to maximize avoid the same files transmission on the network repeatedly, files receiving terminals download the same files which had already existed on server as far as possible. Due to a certain extent to avoid transmitting the entitative files directly in the WAN, the test results show that this method shortens the pieces of files transmission delay, reduces the network overhead and improves the user experience.