Narrow Results

The three-dimensional atomic-scale structure around Mg, Nb, Ti and Zr atoms in a series ferroelectric material such as PMN, PZT, PMN-PZT and PMN-PT has been studied using X-ray diffraction (MoKα), Rietveld refinement and the atomic pair distribution function (PDF) technique. The structure and particle size of the powders was determined by X-ray diffraction and TEM observation. The studies show that the materials are disordered at nanometer length distances. The three-dimensional atomic ordering in PMN-based nanopowders may well be described by a cubic structure of the perovskite type, similar to that occurring in the bulk crystals. At the end, the analyzed data show that the sizes of ZrO₆ octahedral are larger than TiO₆ octahedral.

Heavy metal stabilization experiment was carried out by adding homemade stabilizer JC1 into high concentration of configuration solution. The results demonstrated, after adding the homemade stabilizer JC1, precipitation rates of heavy metal Pb, Zn, Cd in the solution were all above 90%. Electron microscope scanning presented medicament reactions happened and generated new crystal materials. Further analysis by means of X-ray Diffraction (XRD), new crystal materials were revealed to chemical compounds of homemade reagent and can be used in the stabilization of heavy metals Pb, Zn, Cd repair engineering, but note the change of pH value when reused.