The Hong Kong Journal of Social Work

Fieldwork is valued as an essential element in social work education. A partnership between students, agencies and universities is essential to a practical learning experience. Although this article is primarily concerned with issues surrounding field education in just one Australian university, this paper also makes comparisons with cases in Hong Kong where appropriate. Several aspects of field education including the dynamics of power in the fieldwork relationship, roles and status of field educators, on-going training provided for field educators and ways to strengthen collaborations will be discussed. The purpose of this analysis is to look at the basic principles of good fieldwork practice.

實習是社工教育中不可或缺的一環；學生、機構和大學的合作，乃重要的學習體驗。這篇論文不但檢視了環繞澳洲實習教育的議題，還將它們與香港的情況比較。討論範圍包括幾方面：實習關係中的權力互動、實習教育者的角色及地位、為實習教育者提供的持續訓練，以及各種加強合作的方法。這個比較分析的目的是要檢視良好實習的基本原則。

This qualitative study explores the experiences of young adult stepchildren who have gone through multiple family transitions of parental divorce and remarriage in their childhood or adolescence. The findings reveal that the stepchildren experienced an unsettling life in multiple homes. Despite having no choice or control over the family events, they seemed to have accepted well their role as passive participants, and perceived having both gains and losses in the process. Having a stable significant figure as well as something to look forward to seem to have brought them a sense of stability that was so important in helping them survive the serial changes in their lives. Various types of coping strategies have been identified as having contributed to the amazing resilience shown by the stepchildren in this study.

本研究的對象是曾在兒童或少年期經歷過父母離婚及再婚，並曾跟隨再婚父母居住的年青人。研究發現他們雖然缺乏穩定的家庭，甚至感到寄人籬下，但是他們仍能夠接受現實，體會到有失也有得，亦在轉變中尋找到一絲安穩。本文除了闡述受訪者的經歷，並集取及分析了一些有助他們從艱難中站起來的方法。

The present research is an exploratory research focused on emotional expressivity of university students in China. The methodology of the research combined quantitative and qualitative, including Berkeley Expressivity Questionnaire (BEQ, Gross & John, 1995) drawn from U.S.A., and in-depth interview. 1531 participants from 13 universities in Beijing with 829 females and 702 males were invited to participate in the research, and 15 students with 7 females and 8 males (about 1% of Ss) received the in-depth interview. In this research, data shows that Chinese university students are highly in emotional expressivity generally, especially in positive emotional expressivity (M=5.25, SD=.80), while relatively low in negative emotional expressivity (M=4.02, SD=.99). Significant differences are found in Chinese students' emotional expressivity in gender, and major (p<.05). Females are higher than males, and students who study Arts display higher emotional expressivity than students who study Science. From in-depth interview data analysis, strong Chinese culture characteristics can be found in students' emotion expressivity, including relation-focus, the doctrine of the medium, and family-value-focus, etc. Gender difference in emotional expressivity can be tracked to Chinese traditional concept of gender expectation as "Male dominate outside while female dominate inside" (男主外女主內). Since most of the Arts students are female, they higher in emotional expressivity may also be tracked to gender expectation of emotional discourse. The present research is to present some principle of emotional expressivity of university students in China, and the finding of the research can be the empirical basis for university students' emotional education, psychological counseling and the further research, not only in practice but also in future researches.

本文是關於中國大學生情緒表達性的探索性研究，研究方法採用了質性研究和量化研究，包括了採用伯克利大學的情緒表達性量表 (Gross & John, 1995) 和深入訪談方法。參加此次的問卷調查是來自北京13所大學 (約占北京市高校13%) 的1531位大學生 (829女702男) ，從中抽取15位學生 (7女8男，約占總數1%) 進行深入訪談。結果表明中國大學生情緒表達性總體而言並不低，尤其積極情緒的表達傾向性較高(M=5.25, SD=.80)，消極情緒表達性相對較低(M=4.02, SD=.99)。性別和學生所學專業較明顯地影響學生的情緒表達性(p<.05)，總體而言，女生高於男生，而文科類學生高於理工科類學生。從訪談的結果可以看出，學生的情緒表達性深受中國文化的影響，包括維護人際關係和諧、中庸之道以及家庭價值為中心等傳統文化與價值。性別的差異可以追溯到中國傳統文化對不同性別在情緒上的不同期望，尤其受 "男主外女主內" 的傳統文化影響較多。本研究首次描述了中國大學生情緒表達性的現狀，研究結果希望為大學生的情緒健康教育、心理輔導等在實踐和研究提供實證性基礎。

This paper is concerned with the ideological dimension of the New Dawn project. It focuses on two analytical tasks. The first is to show that this project is not an independent reform measure. Instead it is a part of a series of pro-market welfare-to-work programmes launched by the Government to tackle social exclusion. The second is concerned with the debate on the desirability of this project in reducing social exclusion. As the design of this project is heavily indebted to market values, it is highly supported by those analysts and policy-makers who stress the importance of the labour market in helping socially excluded groups achieve social inclusion but it receives criticisms from those analysts who question the ability of the private market in tackling social exclusion. By carrying out these two tasks, the paper raises our awareness of the fact that whether people support the New Dawn project or not reflects not only their judgment on the effectiveness of this project in meeting the needs of single parents and carers on the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance scheme but also their views on market ideologies.

香港基督教服務處樂Teen會自2004年開始，開展了「網開新一面」計劃，協助沉迷網絡的青少年健康使用網絡，並向各界推廣健康使用網絡之訊息。本論文將分享此計劃中「online特攻–網絡成癮者小組」在2006–2007年掌握到網絡成癮青少年的基本統計資料、使用網絡的形態和服務前後的改變的情況。「 online特攻–網絡成癮者小組」的目的爲協助沉迷網絡的中學生及小學生重拾有節制使用電腦的能力。透過小組前後的個別訪談，計劃發現參加者無論在網絡成癮情況和使用電腦時數兩方面，在統計學上都有明顯改善，證明小組有效地改善組員上網成癮的情況。而且參加者在參與本計劃後，他們均表示在個人發展、人際關係、學業成績及家庭關係上也有所改善。文章除了詳述小組的成效外，亦會分享「網開新一面」計劃的主要內容和當中「online特攻–網絡成癮者小組」模式引發的建議。

"Online New Page Project" has been launched by Hong Kong Christian Service since 2004. The aim of this project was to assist young internet addicts to regain control on computer usage and to disseminate the message of healthy computer use among the public. This study 1) explores the characteristic of young internet addicts, such as their basic demographic information and their pattern of using internet before and after using our service, and 2) evaluates the effectiveness of the therapeutic groups for this group of service users. The results from in-depth interviews before and after the group revealed that service users had improvement on controlling themselves from internet addiction, with a significant decrease in the time spending on the internet daily. The results also indicate significant improvement in individual development, interpersonal relationship, academic performance and family relationship. Furthermore, this study also shares the major service components of "Therapeutic Group for Internet Addicts" under "Online New Page Project" (2004-2007) and reflections gained in the project for further service development.

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