The Hong Kong Journal of Social Work

新型冠狀病毒肺炎（COVID-19）是目前影響全球的突發公共衛生事件。從疫情爆發至現階段，新冠肺炎已對各國人民造成了不同程度的身心傷害。兒童青少年作為弱勢群體，在此期間更加需要特別照顧。本文介紹了新冠肺炎疫情期間，中國居家隔離的兒童青少年的心理健康狀況及其主要影響因素。同時，本文還從父母的角度出發，就面對諸如新冠肺炎疫情等此類公共突發事件期間，就如何幫助兒童青少年應對外部環境的不確定性提供了建議和策略。

Rare diseases are a group of chronic and complex genetic disorders characterized by low prevalence rate. About half of new cases present at birth and affect children with severe disabilities. There has been scant research studying the stress and problems of the parents of children with a rare disease. In Hong Kong, the government has no established policy for rare disease management. The special needs of people with a rare disease are undermined in the current healthcare and social welfare systems. A descriptive qualitative research approach was conducted to investigate the experience of the parents. Sixteen parents were recruited, and in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted. Thematic analysis was performed with the Supportive Care Need Framework. Major stress encountered by the families was identified, i.e., delay in diagnosis, lack of professional support, financial stress of paying for expensive drugs, and medical expenses. Also, family relationship problems, psychological impact, depression, and suicidal thoughts were pervasive among the parents. This study demonstrates that rare diseases bring enormous stress to families. Early intervention of healthcare professional and social workers is essential in empowering these families. The Hong Kong SAR government has the responsibility to take an active stance: to establish a clear definition of rare diseases and establish a policy in rare disease management.

Adolescent depression has been shown to be increasing in Hong Kong. There is a need to address this problem. The studies of the risk and protective factors have focused on how individual, peer, and family predictors are related to depressive symptoms. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong. Specifically, this study presents a brief review of protective and risk correlates of depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong, with an ecological perspective. Individual risk correlates, such as low self-esteem and high levels of rumination; peer correlates, such as social withdrawal and limited social networks; family correlates, such as parent-child triangulation and high parental expectations, are significantly associated with adolescent depression. Moreover, individual protective correlates, such as hope and positive affect; social-related correlates, such as extensive social network and peer support; and family correlates, such as high parental warmth and family cohesion, were considered factors to reduce the risk of depression.

Several limitations of previous studies are noted. First, the sample size is small and targets are limited to children and youth. They were also limited by the locations and times at which questionnaire distribution was conducted. Second, most studies are not theory-driven and have failed to examine adolescent depression with sophisticated statistical analyses; for example, some cross-sectional studies were unlikely to establish causality between the identified factors and symptoms of depression. Therefore, future study could attempt to fill in the knowledge gap by integrating the ecological model and wellness theory as a theoretical framework to explain adolescent depression, and could consider a relatively larger and different sample with longitudinal studies. More sophisticated analyses are needed to examine the indirect and interactive effects of different variables (e.g. family, peer, and individual factors) as mediators and moderators to help understand the underlying mechanism related to adolescents' depression.

A case in the Hong Kong Chinese context is presented in this paper to illustrate the use of both quantitative (Holland's SDS) and qualitative career assessment (Card Sorts) to help a 16-year-old girl overcome career indecision. Guided by both Holland's Hexagonal Career Types Theory and Socio-Cognitive Career Theory, a career counsellor can promote a client's positive changes after two counseling sessions. This case supports Tracey's (2002) and Nauta et al.'s (2002) postulated bidirectional causal path between self-efficacy and interests. In addition, it highlights that partial match instead of perfect match between Self-directed search (SDS) scores and choice of academic major is more pragmatic or effective while performing quantitative assessment. Finally, it points to the need for establishing local SDS norms, examining the Holland codes for occupations in Hong Kong, and researching the link between congruence and maximal career outcomes in future research.

單靠社工一己之力，我們往往不足以促進服務使用者的福祉，所以跨專業合作已成大勢所趨。雖然商界在現今社會扮演重要角色，社工和商界的合作卻不多。本文基於「中觀介入」的概念，探討如何有效與商界合作，令社會達致職場共融。透過整理社工實務經驗，我們提出與商界合作，必須懂得「雙贏」之道。而洽商合作時，社工要運用溝通策略，靈活變通；透過我們專業的表現，贏取商界信任。社工在「中觀」層面加強與商界聯繫，再配合「微觀」和「宏觀」的介入，可幫助企業邁向傷健共融的目標，最終令殘疾人士受惠。

依據社會暨人口發展趨勢，未來社會除了人口結構偏移外，世代差距以及多元化趨勢都將不斷增大，使得可能肩負提供高齡友善服務的年輕世代難以同理高齡長者的需求與困境，既無法換位思考，自然也缺乏具體投入高齡服務的綜融素養。素養導向的學習以學生為本且強調問題的解決，並重視對於情境的理解。本論文從經驗學習的脈絡出發，旨在嘗試藉由虛擬科技以培育高齡友善服務人才的同理能力，培育的人才對象不只社會工作，更可涵括照護服務，甚至擴大及於住宅設計、交通運輸等等所有食衣住行面向，凡與高齡友善環境創建關聯者皆然，甚且期待能促使不同專業背景的高齡服務人才得以藉此形成跨域合作的可能。模型構思的想像與框視主要涵括以下三大軸線：1.專業素養培育，主要為專業領域的價值/態度、知識及技術；2.虛擬科技融滲，包括虛擬科技運用以及資訊共創，並能反思科技運用服務倫理議題等；3.高齡服務層次，包括透過科技運用促使經驗高齡者生活情境，以及實驗服務歷程等。

Cultivating the creativity of social work students is becoming essential in contemporary social work education due to the variability and cultural diversity of human services in Hong Kong. Music, as a form of creative arts, can foster students' creativity. Lyrics rewriting can be an initiative in integrating music into social work education in practice so as to nurture students' creativity. Experiences of facilitating two different fieldwork placement workshops in a social work sub-degree programme using individual and collective lyrics rewriting activities are described. The students, most of whom had no formal musical training, rewrote the lyrics of Cantopop songs; various themes, scenarios and messages were expressed as a result. The practice wisdom of encouraging the creativity of students in the classroom is discussed.

作為一個以「執行」與「實踐」為主的專業，社會工作主要是以不同的介入手段，促成人或事情的改變；而為了保障我們的工作合符專業規範與水平，並且向服務資助方說明我們工作的專業性與價值，完善與具質素的文書紀錄、例如方案書、個案紀錄和計劃報告等，對社工都有重要的價值。或者因為文書工作的數量一直在增加，近年社工界興起的反管理主義討論中，文書工作就被認定為管理主義的標誌。而作為一位資深公務員社工，本文作者以日常工作經驗和反思，說明了文書工作對社工的確切重要性，並且提出改進相關能力的意見，以供同業參考。