International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos

In this paper, we show that parasitic elements have a significant effect on the dynamics of memristor circuits. We first show that certain $2$-terminal elements such as memristors, memcapacitors, and meminductors can be used as nonvolatile memories, if the principle of conservation of state variables hold by open-circuiting, or short-circuiting, their terminals. We also show that a passive memristor with a strictly-increasing constitutive relation will eventually lose its stored flux when we switch off the power if there is a parasitic capacitance across the memristor. Similarly, a memcapacitor (resp., meminductor) with a positive memcapacitance (resp., meminductance) will eventually lose their stored physical states when we switch off the power, if it is connected to a parasitic resistance. We then show that the discontinuous jump that circuit engineers assumed to occur at impasse points of memristor circuits contradicts the principles of conservation of charge and flux at the time of the discontinuous jump. A parasitic element can be used to break an impasse point, resulting in the emergence of a continuous oscillation in the circuit. We also define a distance, a diameter, and a dimension, for each circuit element in order to measure the complexity order of the parasitic elements. They can be used to find higher-order parasitic elements which can break impasse points. Furthermore, we derived a memristor-based Chua’s circuit from a three-element circuit containing a memristor by connecting two parasitic memcapacitances to break the impasse points. We finally show that a higher-order parasitic element can be used for breaking the impasse points on two-dimensional and three-dimensional constrained spaces.

This paper investigates nonlinear ordinary differential equations of the Ehrhard–Müller system which describes natural convection in a single-phase loop in the presence of nonsymmetric heating. Stability and dynamics of periodic and chaotic behaviors of the equations are investigated and the periodicity diagram is obtained in wide ranges of parameters. Regimes of both periodic and chaotic solutions are observed with complex behaviors such that the periodic regimes enclose the chaotic regime while they are also immersed inside the chaotic regime with various shapes. An asymptotic analysis is performed for sufficiently large parameters to understand the enclosure by the periodic regimes and asymptotic limit cycles are obtained to compare with limit cycles obtained from numerical results.

The twisted horseshoe map was developed in order to study a class of density dependent Leslie population models with two age classes. From the beginning, scientists have tried to prove that this map presents chaotic dynamics. Some demonstrations that have appeared in mathematical literature present some difficulties or delicate issues. In this paper, we give a simple and rigorous proof based on a different approach. We also highlight the possibility of getting chaotic dynamics for a broader class of maps.

This paper deals with the problem of optimal synchronization of two identical memristive chaotic systems. We first study some basic dynamical properties and behaviors of a memristor oscillator with a simple topology. An electronic circuit (analog simulator) is proposed to investigate the dynamical behavior of the system. An optimal synchronization strategy based on the controllability functions method with a mixed cost functional is investigated. A finite horizon is explicitly computed such that the chaos synchronization is achieved at an established time. Numerical simulations are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed synchronization strategy. Pspice analog circuit implementation of the complete master-slave-controller systems is also presented to show the feasibility of the proposed scheme.

This paper addresses the problem of sharing common nonlinearity among nonautonomous and autonomous oscillators. By choosing a suitable common nonlinear element with the driving point characteristics capable of bringing out chaotic motion in a combined system, we obtain identical chaotic states. The dynamics of the coupled system is explored through numerical and experimental studies. Employing the concept of common nonlinearity, a simple chaotic communication system is modeled and its performance is verified through Multisim simulation.

In this paper, we investigate elliptic functions of the form $f_{\mathrm{\Lambda }}=1/(1+{(\wp \mathrm{\Lambda })}^2)$, where $\wp \mathrm{\Lambda }$ is the Weierstrass elliptic function on a real rhombic lattice. We show that a typical function in this family has a superattracting fixed point at the origin and five other equivalence classes of critical points. We investigate conditions on the lattice which guarantee that $f_{\mathrm{\Lambda }}$ has a double toral band, and we show that this family contains the first known examples of elliptic functions for which the Julia set is disconnected but not Cantor.

In this paper, the effect of the parameter switching (PS) algorithm in a fractional order chaotic circuit is investigated both in simulation and experiment. The Chen system of fractional order is focused and realized in an electronic circuit. By designing a switching circuit, the PS algorithm is implemented and it is the first time, the paradoxical “Chaos $+$ Chaos $=$ Order” is presented in an electronic circuit. Both the simulation and experimental results confirm that the obtained attractor under switching approximates the attractor of the time-averaged model. Some important design issues for the circuitry realization of the PS scheme are pointed out. Finally, our work confirms the practical usage of PS algorithm in potential applications such as attractor synthesis and chaos control.

In the present study, an SIS epidemic model with a latent period of infection and media awareness as control strategy is proposed. The asymptotic stability of the model is studied for both disease-free equilibrium and endemic equilibrium states with respect to the basic reproduction number $R_0$. It is observed that the coefficient of media awareness $m$ does not affect $R_0$, but significantly affects the level of endemic equilibrium. Further, the specific conditions for the existence of Hopf bifurcation have been obtained for the endemic equilibrium state. We also performed the sensitivity analysis of the basic reproduction number and state variables at endemic steady state with respect to the model parameter and identified the respective sensitive parameters. Numerical simulations have been presented in support of our analytic findings.

Using a systematic computer search, a simple four-dimensional chaotic flow was found that has the unusual feature of having a plane of equilibria. Such a system belongs to a newly introduced category of chaotic systems with hidden attractors that are important and potentially problematic in engineering applications.

Based on mathematical analysis, this paper provides a methodology to ensure the existence of homoclinic orbits in a class of four-dimensional piecewise affine systems. In addition, an example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the method.

In this paper, a system of neural networks in neutral form with time delay is investigated. Further, by introducing delay $\tau$ as a bifurcation parameter, it is found that Hopf bifurcation occurs when $\tau$ is across some critical values. The direction of the Hopf bifurcations and the stability are determined by using normal form method and center manifold theory. Next, the global existence of periodic solution is established by using a global Hopf bifurcation result. Finally, an example is given to support the theoretical predictions.

The rapid development of the Internet, especially the emergence of the social networks, leads rumor propagation into a new media era. Rumor propagation in social networks has brought new challenges to network security and social stability. This paper, based on partial differential equations (PDEs), proposes a new SIS rumor propagation model by considering the effect of the communication between the different rumor infected users on rumor propagation. The stabilities of a nonrumor equilibrium point and a rumor-spreading equilibrium point are discussed by linearization technique and the upper and lower solutions method, and the existence of a traveling wave solution is established by the cross-iteration scheme accompanied by the technique of upper and lower solutions and Schauder’s fixed point theorem. Furthermore, we add the time delay to rumor propagation and deduce the conditions of Hopf bifurcation and stability switches for the rumor-spreading equilibrium point by taking the time delay as the bifurcation parameter. Finally, numerical simulations are performed to illustrate the theoretical results.

In this paper, noise-induced and delay-induced bifurcations in a bistable Duffing–van der Pol (DVP) oscillator under time delay and joint noises are discussed theoretically and numerically. Based on the qualitative changes of the plane phase, delay-induced bifurcations are investigated in the deterministic case. However, in the stochastic case, the response of the system is a stochastic non-Markovian process owing to the existence of noise and time delay. Then, methods have been employed to derive the stationary probability density function (PDF) of the amplitude of the response. Accordingly, stochastic P-bifurcations can be observed with the variations in the qualitative behavior of the stationary PDF for amplitude. Furthermore, results from both theoretical analyses and numerical simulations best demonstrate the appearance of noise-induced and delay-induced bifurcations, which are in good agreement.

This paper is concerned with the bifurcation problem of limit cycles by perturbing a piecewise Hamiltonian system with a double homoclinic loop. First, the derivative of the first Melnikov function is provided. Then, we use it, together with the analytic method, to derive the asymptotic expansion of the first Melnikov function near the loop. Meanwhile, we present the first coefficients in the expansion, which can be applied to study the limit cycle bifurcation near the loop. We give sufficient conditions for this system to have $14$ limit cycles in the neighborhood of the loop. As an application, a piecewise polynomial Liénard system is investigated, finding six limit cycles with the help of the obtained method.

In this paper, we consider bifurcations of a class of planar piecewise smooth differential systems constituted by a general linear system and a quadratic Hamiltonian system. The linear system has four parameters. When the parameters vary in different regions, the left linear system can have a saddle, a node or a focus. For each case, we provide a completely qualitative analysis of the dynamical behavior for this piecewise smooth system. Our results generalize and improve the results in this direction.

We investigate the effect of delayed feedback on the finance system, which describes the time variation of the interest rate, for establishing the fiscal policy. By local stability analysis, we theoretically prove the existences of Hopf bifurcation and Hopf-zero bifurcation. By using the normal form method and center manifold theory, we determine the stability and direction of a bifurcating periodic solution. Finally, we give some numerical solutions, which indicate that when the delay passes through certain critical values, chaotic oscillation is converted into a stable equilibrium or periodic orbit.

In this paper, we consider two singular nonlinear planar dynamical systems created from the studies of one-dimensional bright and dark spatial solitons for one-dimensional beams in a nonlocal Kerr-like media. On the basis of the investigation of the dynamical behavior and bifurcations of solutions of the planar dynamical systems, we obtain all possible explicit exact parametric representations of solutions (including solitary wave solutions, periodic wave solutions, peakon and periodic peakons, compacton solutions, etc.) under different parameter conditions.

We study propagation of solitons on one-dimensional lattices of nodes with Morse interaction between the neighboring nodes. In numerical integration, we demonstrate that solitons colliding at junctions of two lattices can implement and, or and not Boolean logic gates. The gates are determined by the geometry of the junctions and phase difference of the colliding solitons. We evaluate the feasibility of casing gates in the design of nor gate.

The main purpose of this work is to study the dynamics and bifurcation properties of generic growth functions, which are defined by the population size functions of the generic growth equation. This family of unimodal maps naturally incorporates a principal focus of ecological and biological research: the Allee effect. The analysis of this kind of extinction phenomenon allows to identify a class of Allee’s functions and characterize the corresponding Allee’s effect region and Allee’s bifurcation curve. The bifurcation analysis is founded on the performance of fold and flip bifurcations. The dynamical behavior is rich with abundant complex bifurcation structures, the big bang bifurcations of the so-called “box-within-a-box” fractal type being the most outstanding. Moreover, these bifurcation cascades converge to different big bang bifurcation curves with distinct kinds of boxes, where for the corresponding parameter values several attractors are associated. To the best of our knowledge, these results represent an original contribution to clarify the big bang bifurcation analysis of continuous 1D maps.

In this article, we investigate the generation of a class of hyperchaotic systems via the Chen chaotic system using both integer order and fractional order differential equation systems. Based on the Chen chaotic system, we designed a system with four nonlinear ordinary differential equations. For different parameter sets, the trajectory of the system may diverge or display a hyperchaotic attractor with double wings. By linearizing the ordinary differential equation system with divergent trajectory and designing proper switching controls, we obtain a chaotic attractor. Similar phenomenon has also been observed in linearizing the hyperchaotic system. The corresponding fractional order systems are also considered. Our investigation indicates that, switching control can be applied to either linearized chaotic or nonchaotic differential equation systems to create chaotic attractor.