International Journal of Modern Physics E

We find an interpretation of the recent finding that the central charge density of the neutron is negative by using models of generalized parton distributions at zero skewness to relate the behavior of deep inelastic scattering quark distributions, evaluated at high x, to the transverse charge density evaluated at small distances. The key physical input of these models is the Drell–Yan–West relation We find that the d quarks dominate the neutron structure function for large values of Bjorken x, where the large longitudinal momentum of the struck quark has a significant impact on determining the center-of-momentum of the system, and thus the "center" of the nucleon in the transverse position plane.

It is shown that assuming mixed-quark states in hadrons suggests that the two pion decay of the long-lived neutral kaon may be described without CP violation. The rate of this decay relative to the decay into all charged modes is estimated quite accurately in terms of the Cabibbo-mixing angle.

We generalize the semiclassical Bohr–Sommerfeld quantization rule to an exact, implicit spectral formula for linear, generalized Schrödinger equations admitting a discrete spectrum. Special cases include the position-dependent mass Schrödinger equation or the Schrödinger equation for weighted energy. Requiring knowledge of the potential and the solution associated with the lowest spectral value, our formula predicts the complete spectrum in its exact form.

The nucleon scattering on even–even nuclei in the medium-energy region has been analyzed on the basis of microscopic optical potential (OP) obtained from nuclear-matter calculations with using effective density-dependent nucleon–nucleon interaction of Skyrme type with taking account of the rearrangement potential. Calculations have been performed for volume integrals and rms radii of nucleon–nucleus OP, for energy dependencies of total and total reaction cross sections of neutron– and proton–nucleus scattering and for differential cross sections of the elastic neutron scattering at several energies on various target nuclei. Comparison of the calculation results for the mentioned quantities with corresponding experimental data has been carried out, which has shown a principal possibility of their reasonable description in the framework of the model under consideration.

In this paper, we argue in the context of recent advances in Dark Energy that the background Zero Point Field, induces an oscillatory motion which we identify with zitterbewegung. We deduce that this is the origin of inertial mass.

In this present study, by using equilibrium and pre-equilibrium reaction mechanisms, the (p, n) cross-section values for some target (A = 25–240) nuclei were investigated in a range of 10–40 MeV incident energy. The excitation functions for pre-equilibrium calculations were newly calculated by using hybrid model, geometry dependent hybrid model, full-exciton model, and cascade exciton model. The reaction equilibrium component was calculated with a traditional compound nucleus model developed by Weisskopf–Ewing. Calculation results were compared with the available excitation functions measurements in literature.

In this work we analyze the elastic angular distribution for the scattering of ¹⁶O from ¹²C, ¹⁶O, ²⁸Si, ⁴⁰Ca, ⁹⁰Zr, and ²⁰⁸Pb in the energy range 300 MeV–1.503 GeV within the framework of the Coulomb modified correlation expansion for the Glauber amplitude. Our calculations involve (i) up to the two-body density term in the correlation expansion, (ii) the realistic nuclear form factors, and (iii) the high q-components of the basic (input) NN amplitude. The results are found to provide a satisfactory explanation of the data in all the cases. Moreover, we could assess the energy dependence of the NN amplitude, and the trend of its slope strengthens the need of nondiffractive behavior of the NN amplitude in the energy range under consideration. We also show that the c.m. correlations play an important role in nucleus–nucleus collision.

The 5-dimensional Projective Unified Field Theory (PUFT) elaborated and further developed by the author since 1957 is a geometrical semi-unified field theory restricting to gravitation, electromagnetism and scalarism. Up till now the substrate (matter) was described on a 5-dimensional phenomenological continuum mechanics. But it proved rather important to investigate the Klein–Gordon field and the Dirac field within this 5-dimensional concept of PUFT in order to get a better insight into some relationships of continuum mechanics mentioned, particularly with respect to cosmology.

In this work, we study the alpha cluster structure of ¹⁸O using resonant particle spectroscopy technique. Resonance breakup reaction of the projectile is studied experimentally to extract the excitation energy spectrum of the ¹⁸O nucleus. The observed resonant states in the present work are 15.62, 15.82 (5^-), 16.02, 16.22, 16.42, 16.92, 17.22, and 17.82 MeV.

The experimental results of multiplicity distributions of grey and relativistic shower particles emitted in the interactions of ²⁸Si and ¹²C ions at 4.5 A GeV/c with nuclear emulsion are reported. The study of the multiplicity distributions of relativistic shower particles and medium energy target-associated protons produced in heavy-ion collisions seems to observe the semi-inclusive KNO scaling. A simplified universal function has been used to represent the experimental data.