Public Health Intervention for the COVID-19 Pandemic

The following sections are included:

• About the Editors
• About the Chapter Contributors and Series Editor
• Acknowledgements
• Contents

The following sections are included:

• Introduction
• Disentangling COVID-19’s Infodemic
• Knowledge is Power … and Health
• Dissecting SARS-CoV-2 by Section and Chapter
• An Origin Story of Remote Beginnings
• Of Scope and Boundaries
• A Call to Action
• References

The following sections are included:

• Key Message
• Introduction
• Virology
• Clinical Features of Disease, Physiological Implications, and Prognosis
• Modes of Transmission
• The Rise of Variants and Related Public Health Concerns
• Conclusion
• References

The following sections are included:

• Key Message
• Introduction
• Viral Entry into Cells and the Renin Angiotensin System
• Immune System Responses and Viral Evasion
• Factors Affecting Pathogenesis
• References

The following sections are included:

• Key Message
• Introduction
• Exponential Growth and the Reproduction Number
• Overdispersion
• Contacts, Networks, and Venues of Transmission
• Other Disease Characteristics
• Modelling Transmission Dynamics of COVID-19
• Discussion
• References

The following sections are included:

• Key Message
• Introduction
• Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) Tests
• Viral Genomics
• Conclusion
• References

The following sections are included:

• Key Message
• Protein-based Testing
• Conclusion
• References

The following sections are included:

• Key Message
• Introduction
• Screening
• Contact Tracing
• Methods of Tracing
• Challenges of Contact Tracing Approaches
• Quarantine and Isolation
• Barriers to Effective Quarantine and Isolation Practices
• Recommendations and Conclusions
• Limitations
• Summary Remarks
• References

The following sections are included:

• Key Message
• Introduction
• Global Agreements and Goals Related to the Control of Disease Spread Between Countries
• Considerations for a Risk-Based Approach to the Resumption of International Travel
• Conclusions
• References

The following sections are included:

• Key Message
• Introduction
• Viral Transmission
• Non-Medical Masks
• Hygiene
• Social Distancing
• Conclusion
• References

The following sections are included:

• Key Message
• Introduction
• Elimination and Substitution
• Engineering and Environmental Controls
• Administrative Controls
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
• Conclusions
• References

The following sections are included:

• Key Message
• Introduction
• Reducing Transmission in Long-Term Care Facilities
• Vaccination in the LTCF Population
• Framework to Address Outcome Disparity
• Future Efforts and Pandemic Preparedness
• References

The following sections are included:

• Key Message
• Introduction
• Making Sense of the Overwhelming Evidence
• Pre-Exposure and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
• Treatment of Non-Severe COVID-19 Patients
• Viral-Based Treatment Options for the Pulmonary Phase
• Host-Based Treatment Options for Pulmonary and Inflammatory Phases
• Other Therapies
• References

The following sections are included:

• Key Message
• Introduction
• Whole Inactivated Virus Vaccines
• Protein Subunit Vaccines
• Non-Replicating Viral Vector Vaccines
• RNA Vaccines
• Appendix A. Phase 3 Trial Information
• References

The following sections are included:

• Key Message
• Introduction
• Global Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccines
• Vaccine Allocation Frameworks
• Strategies for Informing Priority Decisions
• Further Considerations
• Lessons from Israel’s Vaccine Rollout
• Conclusion: No “One Size Fits All” Approach
• References

The following sections are included:

• Key Message
• Introduction
• Pre-Clinical and Clinical Trials for the COVID-19 Vaccines
• Phase 4: Post-Marketing Surveillance
• COVID-19 Vaccine Safety for Populations
• COVID-19 Vaccine Types and Adjuvants
• Conclusion
• References

The following sections are included:

• Key Message
• Introduction
• Pandemic Communications
• Misinformation, Disinformation and Conspiracy Theories
• Strategies to Combat Misinformation, Disinformation and Conspiracy Theories
• Pandemic Communications and Community Trust
• Conclusion
• References

COVID-19 has devastated societies at a scale and scope of disruption that defies simple statistics. Nevertheless, three statistics from the pandemic’s first year provide us a glimpse into its crushing consequences:

• As of April 28, 2021, three million people had died across 223 countries, territories and areas.
• At the height of the pandemic in 2020, 90% of school-age children were absent from school due to pandemic-related attendance disruptions.
• By the end of 2021, the pandemic’s economic effects are expected to have led to lost economic output totalling $10 trillion

The following section is included:

• Index