Occupational Health in National Development

The following sections are included:

• Foreword

• Contents

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

• HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT

• OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH CONCERNS AND DEVELOPMENT

• CONCLUSION

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• TYPES OF POISONING

• TYPES OF PESTICIDES

• EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ACUTE POISONING

• ACUTE PESTICIDE POISONING AMONG AGRICULTURAL WORKERS

• CONTROL OF ACUTE PESTICIDE POISONING

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• FINDING A PESTICIDE

• SAFE TO HEALTH

• PROGRESS IN IMPROVING SAFETY

• SUMMARY

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES FOR FARMERS IN FINLAND

• THE FINNISH FARMERS' OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES EXPERIMENT

• OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES FOR FARMERS IN SWEDEN

• FURTHER READING

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• THE CONTRIBUTION OF SSIs TO THE NATIONAL ECONOMY

• OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH ISSUES IN SSIs

• WORKERS IN SSIs

• HEALTH AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH (OH) SERVICES IN SSIs

• WHAT CAN BE DONE?

• CONCLUSION

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• WOMEN AT WORK

• OCCUPATIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF WOMEN EMPLOYEES

• DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE WORKERS

• FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY

• THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM AS A TARGET ORGAN IN TOXICOLOGY

• CHEMICALS REPORTED TO AFFECT FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE CAPACITY

• LIMITATIONS OF CURRENT SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION

• OTHER PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING PREGNANCY

• SOME PROBLEMS OF PROTECTING THE PREGNANT WORKER

• WHAT CAN BE DONE?

• OTHER EFFECTS OF WORK ON THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

• SEXUAL HARRASSMENT

• OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH CARE PROGRAMMES FOR WORKING WOMEN

• CONCLUSION

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• CAUSE FOR CONCERN

• HEALTH CONCERNS RELATED TO THE USE OF VDUs

• BUILDING ASSOCIATED ILLNESS

• IN SEARCH OF THE HEALTHY OFFICE

• CONCLUSION

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• WHAT IS STRESS? — DEFINITION AND CONCEPTS

• THE BODY'S STRESS RESPONSE

• WORK AS A SOURCE OF STRESS

• STRESS MANAGEMENT

• CONCLUSION

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• TERMS AND DEFINITION WHO IS THE EXECUTIVE?

• HEALTH CONCERNS OF EXECUTIVES

• WHAT TO SCREEN FOR?

• WHEN TO SCREEN?

• COUNSELLING, HEALTH EDUCATION, DEFINITIVE DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT

• COST BENEFIT CONSIDERATIONS

• ETHICAL ASPECTS AND CONFIDENTIALITY

• CONCLUSIONS

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• WORKPLACE HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAMMES (WHPP)

• MODELS FOR WORKPLACE HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAMMES

• PROFILES OF WORKPLACE HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAMMES

• ROLE OF WORKPLACE HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAMMES IN NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

• LIMITATIONS AND PROBLEMS OF WORKPLACE HEALTH PROMOTION

• EVALUATION OF HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAMMES

• FURTHER AREAS FOR DEVELOPMENT

• CONCLUSION

• REFERENCES

• APPENDIX 1 The Johnson and Johnson WHPP Experience

• APPENDIX 2 A Shipyard's Experience with Workplace Health Promotion

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• HEALTH HAZARDS IN THE HOSPITALS

• DEVELOPING AN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE FOR HEALTH CARE WORKERS

• CONCLUSION

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• NEEDLESTICK INJURY AMONG NURSES

• BACK PAIN AMONG NURSES

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• EPIDEMIOLOGY

• HEPATITIS AND HIV IN THE HEALTH CARE SETTING

• PROTECTION OF HEALTH CARE WORKERS AND PATIENTS

• CONCLUDING REMARKS

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• THE NATURE OF CHEMICAL RISK

• TOXICITY

• RISK ASSESSMENT

• THE RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS

• RISK ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY

• DATA EXTRAPOLATION

• ANIMAL MODELS

• EXTRAPOLATION

• UNCERTAINTY FACTOR AND MODELLING APPROACHES

• USEFULNESS OF PREDICTIVE RISK ASSESSMENT FOR CHEMICALS

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• THE GLOBAL MIGRATION OF INDUSTRY

• THE MORAL ISSUE

• INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

• THE INTERNATIONAL OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE CONSULTANT

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• PROCESS OF CARCINOGENESIS

• EVALUATION OF CHEMICAL CARCINOGENS

• PROSPECTS OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY

• OCCUPATIONAL CANCER IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: AREAS OF SPECIAL CONCERN

• PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL CANCERS

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• WHAT IS A CANCER REGISTRY?

• WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF A REGISTRY?

• HOW DO WE ENSURE A SUCCESSFUL REGISTRY?

• APPLICATIONS IN OCCUPATIONAL STUDIES

• PROBLEMS AND OPPORTUNITIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

• CONCLUSION

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• ROLE OF LEGISLATION

• INCREASING AWARENESS

• LEGISLATION AND SELF-REGULATION

• STATUTORY MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS

• SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• CALCULATION OF HYGIENIC STANDARD VALUES

• BIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION BY TOXIC CHEMICALS

• ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS OF INDUSTRIALISATION

• CONCLUSION

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

• SETTING OF ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS IN SOME COUNTRIES

• CURRENT PRINCIPLES OF HYGIENIC STANDARDS SETTING

• APPROACHES TO DERIVATION OF THE RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LIMITS

• DERIVATION OF RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LIMITS FOR SUBSTANCES WITH A THRESHOLD EFFECT

• APPROACHES FOR REDUCING THE RISK CAUSED BY CARCINOGENS

• APPLICATION OF THE ASSESSMENT OF RISK OF NON-THRESHOLD AGENTS IN PREVENTIVE ACTIVITIES

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• THE RATIONALE FOR AN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE

• RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE PROVISION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES

• THE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE APPROACH

• OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE: THE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE APPROACH

• ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE FOR OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES

• ACTIVITIES AND FUNCTIONS OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION TO HEALTH PLANNING

• SYSTEMS APPROACH TO HEALTH PLANNING

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• BASIC PRINCIPLES OF OH ACTIVITIES

• ANALYSIS OF OH NEEDS AT NATIONAL LEVEL

• ANALYSIS OF ORGANISATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL NEEDS AND CONDITIONS OF OPERATION

• EVALUATING AND IDENTIFYING THE NEEDS FOR FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF OH PROGRAMMES

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• MODERN TECHNOLOGY

• RELEVANCE: SELECTION PROBLEMS

• ACCESSIBILITY: INFORMATION RELEVANT TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

• LOCAL SELF-RELIANCE

• EASY SOFTWARE TO OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH EXPERTS

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PROGRAMMES AND ACTIVITIES

• EVALUATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PROGRAMMES

• CONCLUSION

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• Occupational Health Services in Singapore

• Occupational Health in Hungary

• Occupational Health Services in the Nordic Countries

• Models of Occupational Health Services in the Eastern European Countries: The Soviet Union and Estonia

The following sections are included:

• WORLD AND REGIONAL SITUATION ANALYSIS

• INTRODUCTION OF WHO'S POLICY ON WORKERS' HEALTH

• SUMMARY OF PROGRAMME ACTIVITIES ON WORKERS' HEALTH IN THE WESTERN PACIFIC

• FUTURE ACTIVITIES ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH IN THE REGION

The following sections are included:

• Subject Index