Pioneers of Medicine Without a Nobel Prize

The following sections are included:

• Contents
• Foreword
• Preface
• Acknowledgements
• Contributors

The following sections are included:

• Introduction
• Biography
• Research Methods
• Scope of Garrod's Impact
• Conclusion
• Acknowledgements
• References

The following sections are included:

• Introduction
• Were the Findings of Sufficient Importance to Merit a Nobel Prize?
• State-of-the-Science in 1913
• Anitchkow's Contributions
• Notes on the Man and the Venue of his Discoveries
• Was Anitschkow's Work Heuristic?
• What led Anitschkow to Feed Rabbits Cholesterol?
• Conclusion
• References

The following sections are included:

• Introduction
• Biography: The Man who Missed the Nobel Prize in 1962
• Dicke's Research into the Role of Gluten in Coeliac Disease
• Current Knowledge of the Spectrum of Gluten Related Disorders
• Epilogue: Willem-Karel Dicke
• References

The following sections are included:

• Introduction
• Biographical Sketch
• Nature of the Medical Problem
• Description of the Research
• Impact of the Discoveries on Medical Science
• Acknowledgements
• References

The following sections are included:

• Introduction
• The Early Years of Albert Sabin
• The Historical Development of Poliovirus Knowledge
• The Development of a Poliovirus Vaccine
• Albert Sabin: Publications and Recognition
• Why the Sabin Vaccine was a Pioneering Development
• The Sabin Vaccine Today
• Albert Sabin, Polio and the Nobel Prize
• Epilogue
• Acknowledgements
• References

The following sections are included:

• The Beginning
• The Origins of Coronary Artery Surgery
• At the Cleveland Clinic
• Favaloro and Sones
• Return to Argentina
• Conclusion
• References

The following sections are included:

• Background to Cardiac Transplantation
• Biography of Christiaan Barnard
• Biography of Norman Shumway
• The First Human Heart Transplant
• Subsequent Human Heart Transplants
• Consequent Events
• Conclusion
• References

The following sections are included:

• Introduction
• Some of their Instrumentation
• A Slant to their Studies — A Cardiac Electromechanical Yin-Yang
• Mechanical Yin — Mechanically-induced Resuscitation
• Mechanical Yang — Mechanically-induced Death
• The Mechanisms behind Kouwenhoven's and Zoll's Work
• Current State-of-the-Art Implantable Pacemakers and Defibrillators
• Conclusion
• References

The following sections are included:

• Introduction
• Brief Biological Sketches
• Nature of the Scientific Question
• Description of the Research (the ‘Discovery’)
• Other Applications of Ultrasound
• The Impact of these Discoveries on Medical Science
• References
• Appendix A²²
• Appendix B⁹

The following sections are included:

• Introduction
• The Work of the Liverpool Team
• The Work of the New York Team in Prevention of Rh Haemolytic Disease of the Newborn
• A Brief Summary of the Backgrounds and Roads to Success of the Liverpool and New York Teams
• Conclusions: Why Did this Work Never Receive Recognition by the Nobel Prize Committee?
• Acknowledgements
• References

The following sections are included:

• Introduction
• Biography of Herbert Boyer (1936– )
• Biography of Stanley Cohen (1935– )
• Production of Recombinant DNA
• How has Medicine Benefited from Recombinant DNA?
• Acknowledgements
• References

The following sections are included:

• Historical Perspectives
• Brief Biographies
• The Medical Problem
• Tackling the Problem of Transfusion-Associated Hepatitis
• The Long Quest for the Hepatitis C Virus
• Final Confirmation that the Hepatitis C Virus Had Been Identified
• Impact of the Discovery on Medical Science
• Acknowledgements
• References

The following sections are included:

• Introduction
• Biographies
• The Invention of Haemodialysis
• Kolff's Invention of Effective Dialysis
• Scribner's Shunt
• The Impact of Kolff and Scribner on Medical Science
• References

The following sections are included:

• Introduction
• Biographies
• Setting the Stage for Stem Cell Discovery
• The Discovery of Stem Cells
• The Role of Stem Cells in Bone Marrow Transplantation
• Precursor versus Stem Cell
• The Discovery of Embryonic Stem Cells
• Conclusions
• References

The following sections are included:

• Introduction
• Biography
• Cholesterol Metabolism and Coronary Heart Disease in the 1960s
• The Discovery of Compactin
• Other HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors
• Statin Trials Resolve the Controversy over the Lipid Hypothesis
• Role of Statins in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
• Conclusions
• References

The following section is included:

• Index