Water Waves Generated by Underwater Explosion

The following sections are included:

• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

• PREFACE

• TABLE OF CONTENTS

The following sections are included:

• Explosion Parameters

• Overview of the Initial Conditions

• Cavity Formation

• Upper and Lower Critical Depths

• The Compressible Hydrodynamic Phase

• The Incompressible Hydrodynamic Phase

• The Potential Flow Approach

• The Prevailing Theoretical Approaches

• Brief Historical Review of Past Investigations on the Linear Wave Field

• Main Physical Features of EGWWs as Seen Through the Linear Wave Theory

• Data Sources and Scaling

• Propagation of EGWWs Over Nonuniform Water Depths

• Dissipative Processes by Wave-Seafloor Interaction

• Wave Breaking and Nearshore Phenomena

• The EGWW Environment on Continental Shelves due to Large Yield Explosion in Deep Water

• Accuracy of Results and Research Needs

• Tactical, Strategic, and Operational Implications

The following sections are included:

• Derivation of a General Mathematical Model

• Initial Conditions

• Integration by Fourier Transform

• Overview of Analytical and Numerical Solutions

• Analytical Solutions — The Stationary Phase Approximation

• Determination of the Numerical Initial Disturbances

• Analytical Forms of Initial Disturbances, Closed Form Solutions

• The Leading Wave

• Movement at or Near GZ

• Limits of Validity

The following sections are included:

• Review of Past Investigations — Empirical Correlations

• Generalized Model Based on Inverse Correlation

• Simplified Model

• Calibration

• Depth of Burst (DOB) Effect, Postulation for Subsurface Explosions

• Correlation of Burst Depth Effect in the Mathematical Model

• Wave Making Efficiency

• Summary

The following sections are included:

• Physical Overview and Theoretical Approach

• Wave Generation Mechanism

• Collapse of a Cylindrical Cavity onto a Dry Bed — Governing Equations

• Application

• Bore Formation and Propagation

• Nonlinear Wave Propagation — Importance of Nonlinearities

• The Boussinesq Equations in a Cylindrical Coordinate System

• Transformation of the Boussinesq Equations into KdV Equations

• Extended KdV Equation

• Modes of Solutions and Numerical Procedures — The Split-Step Fourier Algorithm

• Theoretical and Experimental Verification

The following sections are included:

• Evolution from Bore to Nonlinear Waves

• Hydrodynamic Energy Dissipation and Effect of Lip Shape

• Calibration

• Efficiency of Shallow Water Explosions

• Comparison Between Linear and Nonlinear Theories

• Effect of Water Depth and Depth of Burst

The following sections are included:

• Importance of Dissipative Processes by Wave-SeaFloor Interaction

• Conservation of Energy Flux

• Turbulent Boundary Layer Effects

• Wave Friction Factor Over a Moveable Bed — Overview

• Procedure for Determining the Wave Friction Factor for EGWWs

• Response to Wave-Induced Pressure Fluctuations

• Dissipation by Wave Breaking

The following sections are included:

• Basic Principles — A Review

• Evolution of a Periodic Wave from a Point Source over a 3D Bathymetry

• Transformation of a Finite Source from the Wave Number Domain to the Frequency Domain

• Analytical Verifications on Area Source Solutions

• Simplified Formulation

• Propagation of EGWWs on a Gentle Slope

• Experimental Verification of Propagation on 3D Bathymetries

• Nonlinear Shoaling

The following sections are included:

• The Need for Scale Model Simulation

• Scale Model Simulation of EGWWs by Small Charges

• Generation of Monochromatic Waves at an Angle by Snake Paddle

• The Generation of 3D Transient Waves by Snake Paddle

• Experimental Verification of the Snake Wave Paddle Generation

• Generation of a Transient Wave with Axisymmetry in a 1D Wave Flume

• The Use of a Plunger

• Slamming of a Falling Plate in Shallow Water

• Establishment of the Equation of Movement of a Sinking Plate

• Analysis and Results of a Sinking Plate

• Experimental Verification of the Drop of a Flat Circular Plate

• Waves Generated by the Impulse of a Falling Plate

The following sections are included:

• Introduction

• Mathematical Formulation
  • Statement of the Problem
  • The Integral Equation
  • Boundary Conditions
  • Initial Conditions and Bubble Dynamics

• Numerical Implementation
  • Spline Interpolation
  • Discretization of the Field Equation

• Method of Solution
  • Solution of the Field Equation
  • Time-Stepping

• Simulation of Bubble Breaking
  • Initiation of Bubble Breaking
  • Bubble and Free-Surface Intersection Point

• Parametric Presentation
  • Sample of Typical Simulations
  • Deep Water Simulations
  • Shallow Water Simulations

• Equivalent-Energy Correlations
  • Equivalent-Energy Crater Forms
  • Summary of Correlated Results

• Summary

The following sections are included:

• REFERENCES

• SUBJECT INDEX

• AUTHOR INDEX