Medicine and Biopharmaceutical

The following sections are included:

• Preface
• Committees
• Contents

The aim of the present study was to explore the mechanism of verbal working memory deficit of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Memory updating of verbal working memory was assessed by presenting 21 ADHD children and 17 control children age 7 to 12 during a verbal n-back task. The ADHD group performed worse than the NC group in the memory updating level 1 and level 2, but no difference in level 0. Effect sizes were 1.31 and 1.63; both were on a very high level. Additionally, with the increase of memory updating difficulties, the ADHD group showed a greater decline than the NC group. The effect size of 1.54 is on a very high level. ADHD children show deficits in the advanced process of verbal working memory, when engaged in memory updating. Research has theoretical and clinical implications for children with ADHD.

Objective: To study the effect of Fuzheng Paidu tablet on immune function in normal mice. Method: normal mice treated with different doses of Fuzheng Paidu tablet, determination of hemolysin, hemolytic plaque, phagocytosis rate, phagocytic index of peritoneal macrophage, lymphocyte transformation rate. Results: compared with the blank control group, Fuzheng Paidu tablet is big, in, small dose group could significantly increase the normal mouse peritoneal macrophage phagocytic percentage and phagocytic index (P < 0.01), significantly promote the formation of hemolysin and hemolysis of normal mice null for leukoplakia (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and promote the lymphocyte transformation rate (normal mice P < 0.01), and the effect of Fuzheng Paidu high, medium dose group were obviously. Conclusion: Fuzheng Paidu tablet can improve the body's immune ability.

Its well known that breast intraductal papillary lesions represent a range of lesions and association with nipple discharge (ND). In the present study, the ND and serum biomarkers such as cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer antigen 125 (CA125) levels were measured and compared with the results of ER, PR, HIF-1α and Ki-67 in breast tissue in 93 patients with ND. We investigated the significance of Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) as an adjunctive therapy and analyzed the relationship with the scores of quality of life, Chinese medical syndrome, the levels of biomarkers and clinical outcomes in breast papillary carcinoma. The 3 biomarker ND levels in papillary carcinoma were significantly higher than that of papilloma, and had a positive correlation with the Ki-67, HIF-1α and lymphnode metastas (P<0.05), and negative correlation with ER and PR (P<0.05). The ND biomarker levels were significantly higher than that in serum. The HIF-1α may play a key role during oncogenesis in intraductal papillary lesions. The ND biomarker levels detection has important value in the diagnosis of carcinoma. TCM combined with western medicine can relieve the clinical Chinese medical symptoms of breast intraductal papillary carcinoma patients, and decrease the CA153, CEA and CA125 levels.

A simple, sensitive and specific micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC) method separation of methotrexate (MTX) was introduced. The key factors, including pH, buffer concentration, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) concentration, separation voltage, injection time, and detection wavelength had been systematically investigated. Under optimum conditions, calibration curves were linear in the range of 2.0 to 50.0 mg L⁻¹ for MTX, and the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were 0.8 mg L⁻¹ and 2.0 mg L⁻¹, respectively. The results of recovery indicated that the method had good precision and reproducibility. The proposed method has been successfully used for the quantitative determination of MTX in real urine samples.

The effect of pretreatment with captopril on myocardial injury in rats was investigated. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, Iso-induced injury and Cap-pretreated groups. The myocardial apoptosis was examined by TUNEL method, the expression of Fas, Bcl-2 and Bax was detected by immunohistochemistry and the expression of CT-1 in the myocardial tissue was measured by Western blot. Compared with that in Iso-induced injury group, the apoptotic index of rats in Cap-pretreated group decreased, the expression of Fas and Bax decreased, and the expression of Bcl-2 and CT-l increased (P <0.01 or < 0.05). The pretreatment with captopril could promote the expression of CT-1 and activate MAPK pathway to induce the increase in the synthesis of hsp70. The pretreatment with captopril may exert its inhibitory effect on the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes by promoting the expression of CT-1 and inducing the synthesis of hsp70 and hsp90.

In this test, we utilized Lactic acid bacteria and Yeast separated from kefir grains to prepare leaven, then, compound separated Bacillus subtilis, cultured in high density medium of lactallbumin, skimmed milk medium and soybean protein medium to prepare the new composite probiotics microecology additives. Then we analyzed the influence of different dose of three composite probiotics microecology additives on immune function of mice. There were no striking changes on thymus index, capability of lymphocyte proliferation, phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophage and cytotoxic activity of NK in three experimental groups (P>0.05). But compared to the control group, all experiment groups were significantly enhanced (P<0.05). The results indicate that the composite probiotics microecology additives affect immune system in mice.

The nerve tissue engineering used to treat nerve injury is an important strategy. In this paper, we observed the adherent growth and neural differentiation of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). First, BMSCs were cultivated, identified and labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP), and PLGA was synthesized. Next, BMSCs were inoculated on PLGA and their adhesion rates were investigated, then the cells were induced by neural induction medium. Finally, the morphological change and neural differentiation of BMSCs were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and immunofluorescence respectively. The experimental results demonstrated that PLGA had no obvious effects on adherent growth and neural differentiation of BMSCs. This data suggest that PLGA may be used as scaffold material for nerve tissue engineering.

Spontaneous intracranial hypotensior (SIH) is a rare disease of neurological diseases. Patients often have no obvious inducement but suddenly under attack. SIH mainly presents with postural headaches and is diagnosed by low cerebral spinal fluid(CSF) pressure(<65mmH2O). The patients' headache can be relieved by rehydration therapy. If patient shows no improvement or even worsen in symptoms, Subdural Hematoma must be taken into consideration. About 10 percent patients will have a complication of Subdural Hematoma. Patient's life may be in danger if they don't receive timely treatment. So it's important and necessary to observe the state of illness and dynamic image. This paper reviews the feature of SIH combined with related articles in order to improve the diagnosis of SIH complicated with Subdural Hematoma and ameliorate patient's life after being cured.

Pulse diagnosis has an important role in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnosis. With development of modern science and technology, western medicine developed rapidly and advanced medical diagnostic equipment sprang out. By contrast, TCM relies too much on the experience and subjective judgments of doctors, which limits the development and promotion of traditional Chinese medicine. Pulse instrument design enjoys a very important role in the objective research of Pulse diagnosis. This paper introduces the global research progress of pulse instrument, focusing on the analysis of strengths and weaknesses of the domestic pulse instrument. Making full use of artificial intelligence technology, especially computer technology, such as data mining technology, advanced image acquisition and processing technology will push the development of pulse instrument to a new level. Overall, the trend of pulse instrument is more automatic and intelligent.

The mechanisms through which wild type (WT) or aberrant α-synuclein (α-syn) leads to neuronal death in Parkinson's disease remain unclear. The roles of apoptosis and autophagy for neuronal cell toxicity are investigated broadly. In this study, WT, A53T and A30P mutant α-syn were overexpressed in SH-SY5Y and some markers of apoptosis and macroautophagy assessed. Lines expressing mutant but not WT α-syn show: (1) cell viability was decreased with changes of degenerative morphological abnormality; (2) intrinsic apoptosis pathway may be activated by A30P, but cell death in A53T cell line did not appear to be caused by apoptosis because activation of caspases were not observed; (3) instead, there was an induction of macroautophagy both in A53T cells and A30P as seen from the increased conversation of LC3-I to -II. These results raise the possibility that both apoptosis and macroautophagy may contribute to the cell toxicity of mutant α-syn with different regulation mechanisms or effects in A53T and A30P. Together, these may provide evidence of the roles of apoptosis and macroautophagy in PD cell models and further our understanding of clinical cell toxicity in disease.

Purpose: observed the therapeutic effect to Chloasma with the method of Shenque Acupuncture combined with the external using of seven white cream. Method: treat Chloasma with warm needling to shenque combine with seven white cream, observed the therapeutic effect after six period of treatment. Results: there were 97.13% of the 80 patients that the symptoms was improved in different degrees, six cases were heal (7.50%), 55 cases had significant effect (68.75%), 17 cases were turn for the better (21.25%), the total effective rate is 97.50%. Conclusion: the therapeutic effect of Shenque Acupuncture combined with the external using of seven white cream is significant, no obvious adverse reactions.

Objective: To explore the application effect of early ostomy closure on the patient with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Methods: From January 2012 to March 2015, 23 infants with NEC which had been performed ileostomy were treated with early ostomy closure and normal ostomy closure in the First hospital of Jilin University. These infants were divided into two groups. In control group, from January 2012 to June 2013, 11 patients were performed normal ostomy closure (3-6 months after ostomy), In experimental group, from July 2013 to March 2015, 12 patients were performed early ostomy closure (less 3 months after ostomy), clinical data were retrospectively analyzed, including the time from ostomy to ostomy closure, the mean operation time, the intraoperative bleeding, the averaged length of stay (ALS), the incidence of postoperative wound infections. Results: The time from ostomy to ostomy closure of experimental group was obviously less than that of control group [(1.49±0.64) months vs (4.43±1.23) months] (P<0.05). There were no significant difference in the mean operation time between the two groups [(62.4±9.3) minutes vs (64.5±10.7) minutes] (P>0.05). The difference of the operative blood loss in two groups were not statistically significant [(6.2±1.6) ml vs (5.5±1.4) ml] (P>0.05). The difference of the averaged length of stay (ALS) in two groups were not statistically significant [(7.5±1.5)d vs (7.3±1.1)d] (P>0.05), and the incidence of postoperative wound infections were not different between two groups too (16.7% vs 18.2%) (P>0.05). Conclusions: The early ostomy closure did not have the negative effect for the infants with NEC. Compared with normal ostomy, early ostomy closure could restore the bowel function earlier, and could avoid Long-term dehydration and malnutrition during the waiting for ostomy closure.

In this meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the association of the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) rs12255372 polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a multi-ethnic population. Four publication databases were searched for literature about the effect of rs12255372 on genetic susceptibility to T2DM, and then fixed-effects and random-effects meta-analyses were performed in order to estimate the association between rs12255372 and T2DM. Sixty-six studies from fifty-four eligible papers (with 40,418 cases and 45,745 controls) were included in the final meta-analysis. Overall, we found the rs12255372 polymorphism was significantly associated with T2DM (P<0.0001), considering the T allele itself (OR=1.38, 95%CI=1.33-1.44), the TT genotype (OR=1.83, 95%CI=1.68-1.99), or the GT genotype (OR=1.38, 95%CI=1.32-1.45). Publication bias and sensitivity analysis confirmed the meta-analysis results. Thus, we confirmed that rs12255372 T allele is significantly associated with higher risk of T2DM.

122 cases of vitiligo patients were randomly divided into two groups, the study group for routine treatment and psychological intervention, and the control group underwent conventional treatment only. The total efficiency of the two groups was statistically significant compared (83.61% vs. 63.93%, P <0.05). The differences of Dermatology Life Quality Index between the combined interfere treatment group and the only medical treatment is statistically significant (13.93±6.42 to 0.84±0.56; 13.67±6.35 to 10.75±5.68, respectively P <0.01), the results suggest that combined treatment of psychological intervention than conventional therapy in addition to improve the therapeutic effect, but also can significantly improve the quality of life of patients.

The aim of this study was to evaluate Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and microvessel density (MVD) in breast carcinomas and their associations with breast carcinoma metastasis. Immunhistochemical Ultra Sensitive™ S-P method was employed to detect the expression of COX-2 and MVD assessed by CD105 (MVD-CD105) in 128 cases of breast invasive carcinoma. Sixty cases of benign breast lesions were selected as a control group. Overall survival was observed in breast carcinoma patients. The study demonstrated that the positive rates of COX-2 in breast carcinomas were 78.9%, which were higher than in benign lesions tissues (16.7%) (χ²=66.745, P=0.000). There was positive correlation in over-expression of COX-2 in breast carcinomas with histological grade (I or II vs III) (χ²=8.277, P=0.004), lymph node metastasis (χ²=26.403, P=0.000) and distant metastasis (χ²=7.696, P=0.006). However, the expressions of the COX-2 were not related with age (≤50 yr vs 50yr) and size of tumor (≤5cm vs >5cm) (respectively, P>0.05). The MVD expression had statistical significance in breast cancer and benign disease groups (P<0.05). There were significantly differences in the mean MVD between histoligical grade (I or II) and grade III, with lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis groups and without groups (respectively, P<0.01). However, there was not difference in the mean MVD between age (≤50yr vs >50yr), tumor dianaeter (≤2cm vs >2cm), respectively, P>0.05. Shorter overall survival in carcinomas patients group related to COX-2 over-expression and increased MVD expression in tumors (P<0.05). The results demonstrate that increased COX-2 and MVD expression are related to worse prognosis and shorter overall survival. This suggests that the over-expression COX-2 and MVD in breast carcinoma might be important biological markers for invasion and metastasis, and the combined detection of COX-2 and MVD are benefit to better prewarning markers for monitoring their metastasis in clinic judging the patients with breast cancer.

Mammary cancer is one of the common malignancies in women and its morbidity is on the rise year by year. Biomarkers such as Malignant tumor specific growth factor (TSGF), Cancer antigen 153 (CA153) in serum and Hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) in tissue can be used as prognostic factors. To analyze the relationship between the expressions of HIF-1α, TSGF and CA153 and clinicopathological features in mammary cancer, we collected 128 cases of mammary carcinoma patients as observation group, 53 cases of benign mammary cancer tissues as a control group. We examined the expressions and clinical significance of HIF-1α in tissue (128 cases of mammary carcinoma, 53 cases of benign mammary cancer tissues), serum biomarkers of TSGF and CA153 in 43 cases of carcinom patients, and their relationships with clinicopathological features and chemosensitivity in mammary carcinoma (n=52). The study demonstrated that before and after chemotherapy, the expression of HIF-1α had changed significantly (P<0.05), and TSGF and CA153 levels had changed significantly decreased (P<0.05). Before and after chemotherapy, the expressions of TSGF, CA153 and HIF-1α were positive correlation (P<0.05). Before neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the chemosensitivity of HIF-1α positive expression and TSGF and CA153 positive expression are worse than the chemosensitivity of HIF-1α nagetive expression and TSGF and CA153 nagetive expression (P<0.05). In mammary cancer, HIF-1α, TSGF and CA153 expression were abnormally increased in mammary cancer. HIF-1α, TSGF and CA153 can be used as predictors of mammary cancer chemosensitivity to help develop individualized chemotherapy.

Chronic asthma is a serious respiratory disease, for which there is a need for effective treatment. Objectives: To investigate the influence of Ping-Chuan-Fang (PCF) on the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1)/Smad signaling pathway and the expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM33) in rats with airway remodeling due to chronic asthma. Methods: Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: a control group treated with 0.9% saline, a model group treated with 10% ovalbumin and 10% aluminum, a PCF-treated group (9.5 ml/kg) and a dexamethasone (DXM)-treated group (5 ml/kg). Hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathomorphological changes and immunofluorescence was used to determined the locations of the proteins. Meanwhile, western blotting was used to assess protein expression levels. Results: While the model group displayed obvious signs of bleeding and expansion of the lung alveolar with an influx of inflammatory cells, the PCF-treated and DXM-treated groups did not show such changes. Immunofluorescence showed that TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad4, Smad7 and ADAM33 were located in the bronchial or alveolar wall and western blotting showed that the expression levels of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad4 and ADAM33 were significantly higher in the model group (P < 0.05), but Smad7 expression was decreased (P < 0.05). Conclusion:PCF can prevent bleeding and expansion of the lung alveolar associated to chronic asthma and may work through alteration of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway and the expression of ADAM33. Further research is needed to assess the role of PCF in the control of airway remodeling in asthma.

To improve the life quality of osteoporosis patients and decrease the incidence of fracture by a allaround and scientific stuffy of health management, and avoiding risk factors for osteoporosis. This is to reach the goal of prevent diseases from occurring, prevent disease from exacerbating, and prevent disease from reoccurring, and to explore an effective model of health management for osteoporosis.

Patients should also know that the pacing treatment is an effective method to slow down arrhythmia, but it can't cure the primary disease which lead to the arrhythmia. So some patients should be prescribed by the doctor to do some treatment about standard medication and associated diseases when they implanted pacemaker surgery.

After 1949, traditional Chinese doctors and workers who devoted themselves to combining traditional Chinese and western medicine, researched scientifically to improve it and raised new manipulations called “New Eight Manipulations for Fracture”. Treatments of soft tissue injury are concluded as “Twelve manipulations of massage”. It can be categorized as ordinary, special and strengthening manipulations.

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is an oncofetal antigen during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development which could lead to weak reproducible antitumor immunity, and may act as a target for cancer therapy. Therefore, it is imperative to enhance its immunogenicity and develop therapeutic vaccines to eliminate AFP-expressing tumors. In this study, by way of glutaraldehyde cross-linking, we constructed a potential therapeutic peptide vaccine, glycoprotein 96 (gp96) and AFP peptide containing the specific antigen epitope. Our results demonstrated that AFP peptide and gp96 synergistically exhibited significant increases in AFP-specific CD8⁺ T cells responses and impressive antitumor effects against AFP-expressing tumors. Priming mice with the reconstructed vaccine, we elicited robust strong protective immunity. Our study suggests that a tumor vaccine by cross-linking tumor antigen peptide and gp96 is a promising approach for cancer therapy.

In order to size up the prevalence of county preschool children with simple obesity, to provide basic data for the prevention and treatment of obesity, to investigate the possible influencing factors of childhood obesity, to develop effective interventions to provide reliable data for improving the health status of children in kindergarten, we performed a survey which contain 2013 preschool children selected by cluster random sampling method from 6 kindergartens. The results of physical examination show that the prevalence of simple obesity of boys significantly exceed the girls (4% vs 1.65%, x²=10.44, P<0.01), and the prevalence of urban area is statistically higher than that of the county (x²= 6.45, P < 0.05). This study also show that the prevalence of simple obesity increase with the children age increase. In obese children, the ratio of mild obesity accounted for 73.33%. Mild obesity is a key period for developing severe status or normal status, so to take more attention in this period will greatly benefit children's health.

Torque teno sus virus 2 (TTSuV2) has been detected in swine sera worldwide with different prevalence rates. In order to develop a specific and sensitive assay for detection TTSuV2, this study needs to clone and express the ORF1 capsid protein of the TTSuV2, and then develop an ELISA method for serological testing. The major epitope region of the putative ORF1 capsid protein of the Torque teno sus virus 2 (TTSuV2), from 1,523 bp to 2,272 bp, was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The expressed ORF1 protein was detected by western blot with the rabbit anti-6×His-tagged monoclonal antibody and the polyclonal antibodies were also detected by the agar gel precipitation test. An indirect blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed using the purified ORF1 protein as a coating antigen for the detection of TTSuV2 antibodies. The test results revealed that the specificity and sensitivity of the indirect blocking ELISA was 97.3% and 97.5%, respectively. Comparative analysis between Western blots and the indirect blocking ELISA revealed that the concordance between the two methods was 83.6%. The indirect blocking ELISA did not react with the anti-sera to other porcine viral pathogens, revealing that this protein was specific for the recognition of TTSuV2 antibodies. In summary, the indirect blocking ELISA is a highly sensitive and specific test that could be used for detecting TTSuV2 infection and antibody against TTSuV2.

Objective: observe the growth inhibition against anaplastic thyroid carcinoma of animal model application of ginsenoside Rg₁ and its influence on life extension. Method: observe the inhibition of Rg₁ against the growth of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell strains through dye exclusion experiment in vitro. In vivo, establish the anaplastic thyroid carcinoma animal model, divide the mice bearing tumor into 6 groups randomly, i.e., Rg₁ 3, 1, 0.3 mg·kg^-1 groups, solvent control group; administer drug into thyroid daily for 10 days, kill the animals after stopping administration for 24h, weigh them and tumors, and calculate the tumor growth inhibition rate (%) and Coefficient of Drug Interaction (CDI). Additionally, establish the cell TA-K tumor model, assign the animals into Rg₁ 3, 1, 0.3 mg·kg^-1 groups, solvent control group, randomly, administer drug into abdominal cavity daily for 5 days, record the mouse survival days, and calculate the life extension. Result: in the in vitro experiments, Rg₁ inhibits the growth of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells, and its IC₅₀ value is 22±3.25. In the in vivo experiments, Rg₁ inhibits the growth of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma significantly, Rg₁ extend the survival time of mice bearing tumor, Conclusion: Rg₁ can inhibit the growth of tumor significantly, and extend the survival time of mice bearing tumor; additionally, Rg₁ can improve the anti-tumor.

Porcine kobuvirus is suggested to play a role in gastroenteritis in pigs where prompt detection of kobuvirus infection in the field samples is important to limit the spread of disease. A rapid and sensitive assay for this virus is not yet available and therefore the aim of this was to develop a onestep real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay using a SYBR Green I dye for the detection of Porcine kobuvirus in fecal samples. The assay involved amplifying a cDNA template generated from viral RNA and using in vitro transcribed Porcine kobuvirus RNA to establish a standard curve. The assay was shown to have a detection limit as low as 100 copies/μl RNA, a reaction efficiency of 91.8%, and a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.992. The fluorogenic RT-PCR assay was determined to be 10-fold more sensitive than conventional RT-PCR and quantitatively detected kobuvirus RNA levels from 10-fold serial dilutions of titrated viruses without non-specific amplification. Furthermore, melting curve analysis showed no primer-dimers or nonspecific products were produced in the assay. The one-step SYBR Green I RT-PCR developed here is specific, sensitive, and reproducible for the quantification of Porcine kobuvirus in fecal samples. This one-step SYBR Green I RT-PCR strategy may be further optimized for use as a reliable assay for diagnosing and monitoring Porcine kobuvirus infections in pigs.

Ischemic stroke is the most common cause of the death around the world according to the WHO report. ActA/smads signaling pathways were reported to be needed for physiological apoptosis of stroke. Smad7 is an important part of the ActA/smads signaling as a negative feedback circuit. However, its effects have not been well understood. This study discussed the apoptosis in the ischemic cerebral injury by the targeted silence Smad7. Here, NGF and OGD were used to stimulate PC12 cells, and convert them into neurons to establish an ischemia in vitro model. Combined with the small interfering technology of Smad7, FCM and Hoechst were taken to identify the apoptosis rate. These results showed that the apoptosis rate was 19.54 % by OGD 16 hs. Combined Smad7-siRNA, the apoptosis rate was 12.34 %. The expression of Procaspase-3 protein was increased by Smad7-siRNA.These results showed that the apoptosis rate was decreased in an ischemic injury after Smad7-siRNA.These results showed that the apoptosis rate was decreased and the expression of Procaspase-3 protein was increased in an ischemic injury after Smad7-siRNA. At the same time, it provided a reference for further study of ActA/smads signaling pathways on an acute ischemic brain damage.

The purpose of this article is to investigate the elderly women breast fiber tube under endoscopic breast intraductal change and the relationship between lacteal painful disease. Method to the diagnosis of lacteal painful disease is line fiber breast duct endoscopic examination, to observe the breast duct, in the case of a change of patients were retrospectively analyzed. The result is 99.58% of lacteal painful disease patients have different degree of breast duct changes, including occlusive galactophoritis disease of milk, milk tube expansion and product was 29.50%, 30.96% and 29.50% respectively. After interventional treatment in 58.96% of patients cured, 33.60% of the patients symptoms improved, 7.44% of the patients have no obvious improvement. Conclusion breast intraductal change and lacteal painful disease has certain relevance.

The abnormal glycosylation of tumor cells regulate their extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion and migration to become more metastatic. Tumor cell shows an increase in sialic acid, which could have influenced their ECM adhesion and migration. Ethyl gallate (EG) is an effective component extracted from Euphorbiae fischeriana Steud. Our previous work showed that highly metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells were highly sensitive to EG treatment than nonmetastatic MCF-7 cells. This work describes the effection of Ethyl gallate (EG) on cell surface α2,3-sialic acids on the aforementioned processes. Highly metastatic breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231, were used to research the effects of EG on invasion and migration. Different concentrations of EG did inhibit MDA-MB-231 cells adhesion to the Matrigel. Furthermore, the abilities of invasion and migration were significantly decreased in MDA-MB-231 cells. Flow cytometric method showed the levels of cell surface α2,3-sialic acids significantly decreased after EG treatment. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and western blot for evaluating mRNA and protein expression of ST3Gal I showed that EG down-regulated the expression of ST3Gal I. The results showed that EG affected the adhesion and migration of breast cancer cells, suggesting that altered α2,3-sialylation pathway played a crucial role in the adhesion, invasion and migration. EG is a good candidate for studying the biological roles of sialytransferase, and might provide a new preventive strategy in tumor metastasis.

In order to discuss the molecular mechanism that rabies infection causes the neuronal dysfunction. In vitro rabies virus can infected effectively primary neuron cell; In vivo. Rabies antigen can be detected in hippocampus CA1 by infected intracerebrally. Rabies antigen can be found in neuron and neuronal process of hippocampus CA1 at 4 day post infection; However, rabies antigen can be detected only in neuronal process of hippocampus CA1 at 7 day post infection. Rabies virus infection make the primary neuronal process decreased, compared with controls at 120h post infection. Rabies infection injury dendrite of hippocampus and lead to degeneration of dendrite, as is can explain the severe clinical disease in this experimental mode of rabies.

Objective: Ultrasound is considered the best diagnostic method for the detection of thyroid carcinoma. According to current guidelines, all patients should undergo preoperative neck ultrasound of the thyroid and central and lateral neck metastatic cervical lymph nodes. Complete surgical resection disease at the initial operation decreases likelihood of future surgery for recurrent disease and may impact survival. We use radiofrequency color doppler ultrasound, recently used for evaluation of thyroid nodules, to estimate diagnostic analysis in patients with thyroid cancer. Methods: Between June 2013 and September 2014, 200 patients with known thyroid cancer were examined for preoperative sonographic evaluation with gray-scale US and color Doppler US. All patients included underwent surgery, and the final diagnosis was based on the results of histologic examination of the resected specimens. Results: the sonographic findings of papillary thyroid carcinoma: circular, vertical and horizontal diameter than 1, boundary is not smooth; senior sonographic findings of atypical hyperplasia group: round or class round, vertical and horizontal diameter than 3 or < 1; low-level sonographic findings of atypical hyperplasia group: round or oval, vertical and horizontal diameter smaller than 1, boundary is smooth the blood flow condition or the sensitivity of the diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma were 63.2%, 87.6%, 70.3%, 87.6% and 65.4%. Conclusion: The color doppler ultrasound for the thyroid nodule with high sensitivity, is to identify the thyroid nodules and an effective method for early diagnosis of thyroid cancer.

Objective: Tibet Tibetan living in the plateau low oxygen environment for a long time, the body structure and physiological and biochemical levels on the plateau low oxygen to produce a series of adaptive mechanisms. This article through to growth at different altitudes, different gender, age and ethnic characteristics of hematology study, discusses the characteristics of the Tibetan plateau adaptation hematology, at the same time, the growth of different altitude in Tibet Tibetan students, all came to shaanxi xianyang Tibet institute for nationalities on the mainland to go to school, away from the plateau environment, the body will appear plateau to adapt to a series of change, to study the changes in the hematology, explore the Tibetan plateau to adapt to the characteristics of hematology. Methods: the growth in average altitude of 3650 m, 3813 m and 4525 m and 5200 m of 2500 (aged 17 to 29) healthy Tibetan and han Chinese in hematology characteristics of plain and plateau, determination of red blood cell volume, erythrocyte morphology, the determination of hemoglobin content and EPO levels in the blood. Results: Both Tibetan and han ethnic group, at the same altitude men on the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin content and blood EPO levels than with the elevation of women (P < 0. 05). But whether men or women, Tibetan number of red blood cells in the blood, hemoglobin content and blood EPO content was significantly lower than with the elevation of the han ethnic group (P < 0.05). With the increase of altitude, the han nationality male hemoglobin content and erythrocyte number and the EPO levels rise from han women, but in the Tibetan population in such a trend is not obvious (P > 0.05). At high altitudes, as the growth of the age, both the Tibetan and han ethnic group, the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin content and the content of blood EPO has obvious rising trend, but the rising trend of the han nationality was obviously higher than that of Tibetan rising trend (P < 0.05). Changes in the structure of han Chinese male and female red blood cells are significantly higher than Tibetan (P > 0.05). Plateau to adapt to the indigenous Tibetan RBC, HGB, HCT appear is reduced, and the control group no significant difference (P > 0.05), with the return from the plains of prolonged, the various values gradually close to the control group. Conclusion: Tibet plateau adaptation than moved to the han, Tibetan in the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin content and the content of blood EPO is superior to the han nationality and more able to adapt to the plateau low oxygen environment. Tibetan can be adapted to the plateau, affected by many factors, in terms of hematology, gender, age and the altitude on the people living in high altitude of hematology characteristics have important influence. Tibet plateau adaptation off Tibetan plateau short-term exposure after returning from the plains, in plateau adaptation of hematology indexes off a slower recovery. Tibet, frequent short time between Tibet and inland large influence on hematology indices abnormal. Further serum proteomics is still in research.

With development of medicine and update of knowledge, breast cancer therapy has come into a diversified comprehensive treatment stage. In the world including Western countries, Chinese medicine (TCM) has become well known for its significant role in preventing and treating cancer. In the present study, we investigated the significance of TCM Xiaozhengshugan recipe as an adjunctive therapy in breast cancer and analyzed the relationship with the scores of quality of life (QOL), Chinese medical syndrome, the biomarkers levels of cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) and cancer antigen 125 (CA125) and clinical outcomes. By the prospective, randomized and controlled methods, 72 breast cancer patients were randomized into observation group (western medicine treatment combined with TCM Xiaozhengshugan recipe, n=38) and control group (only received western medicine and no TCM therapy, n=34). The therapy effectiveness on breast cancer was evaluated. The study demonstrated that the improvement of Chinese medical symptoms in observation group was superior to that in control group, the differences being significant (P<0.05). Xiaozhengshugan recipe composition could relieve the clinical symptoms and promote QOL. The total scores of QOL in both groups were superior to those before treatment (P<0.01). The CA15-3 and CA125 levels were decreased in the two group after therapy compared with before (respectively, P<0.05). None of the patients died during the follow-up period. In control group, there were five patients recurrences (14.7%) and nine patients metastases (26.5%), with a median disease free survival (DFS) of 5.7 years. The ratioes of patients recurrences and metastases in observation group were lower than those in control group, and DFS was longer, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Xiaozhengshugan recipe combined with western medicine can relieve the clinical Chinese medical symptoms of breast cancer patients, promote QOL, and decrease the CA15-3 and CA125 levels, but no efficient in preventing and delaying recurrence and metastasis.

α1,6-Fucosyltransferase (FUT8) catalyzes the transfer of a fucose residue to N-linked oligosaccharides on glycoproteins via an 1,6-linkage to form core fucosylation in mammals. Core fucosylation is regarded as an important manner of post-translational modification and functional regulation of glycoproteins, it was closely related to cancer development and progression. But its specific biological functions in the process of breast cancer is still unknown. In this paper, a FUT8 overexpression vector was constructed to investigate the roles of FUT8 in Human breast cancer cells. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were performed to test the expression mRNA and protein levels of FUT8. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay and colony formation experiment, and detected the capabilities of vitro cell transformations by soft agar colony formation assay. The results suggested that exogenous expression levels of FUT8 mRNA and protein in transfected Bcap-37 cells were significantly increased. The growth ability in vitro and the soft agar colony formation ability of FUT8 overexpression group were markedly increased. This study suggested that the technology of transfection can effectively enhance the exogenetic expression of FUT8 in Bcap-37 cells, FUT8 over expressions could enhance the cell proliferations to promote the growth of tumor.

Pazufloxacin mesilate is the third-generation quinolone broad-spectrum antibiotics, and possesses long time postantibiotic effect[1]. It have strong antibacterial activity to gram positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, Mycoplasma and Chlamydia[2]. Because Amino-Cyclopropyl was brought in 7-site of its molecular structure, phototoxicity and central nervous system toxicity is lower than the same class of drugs, the degree of resistance of bacteria is lower then other quinolones[3]. Although it has gradually become one of the commonly used antibiotics dentistry. About its distribution in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid after antibiotic administration is not clear. So, the present study is designed to study the issue and provide guidance for the treatment of oral and maxillofacial infections clinical medicine.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a structured questionnaire among 291 ethnic minority migrants from July to October in 2012 in nine sub-districts or towns, on the Guizhou-Yunnan provincial border, Guizhou province, China. The results show that the prevalence of commercial/casual partner sexual behavior was 31.6% for ethnic minority migrants, 42.6% for male migrant. The multivariate logistic regression model showed that ethnic Dong migrant was more likely to report the commercial/casual partner sexual behavior than other minority migrant. The custom of not following a husband and custom of visiting girls were the positive predictors and risk factors of the commercial/casual partner sexual behavior. The results suggest that the commercial/casual partner sexual behavior for HIV/AIDS infection might be affected by the marriage custom among ethnic minority migrants.

Virus-like particles (VLPs) are shell-like-structures but without the viral genome. VLPs mimic the antigenicity of parental virus or subviral particles (SVPs). As effective immunogens, characterized by high immunogenicity and safety, VLPs have been for candidate vaccines. Depending on the complexity of capsid proteins, like parental viruses, VLPs can be monolayered non-enveloped, multilayered non-enveloped or enveloped. They can form upon the expression of one or several viral structural proteins in a recombinant heterologous system. They can be produced in a prokaryotic, eukaryotic or some other expression systems using target-encoding recombinant vectors. Here, this article reviews the current status of VLPs as a new generation of vaccines.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), having the potentials of multi-differentiation, are the promising “seed cells” in tissue engineering and excellent tools for gene therapy. However, BMSCs are in small quantity in bone marrow and difficult to meet clinical need. In this paper, BMSCs mixed with type I collagen were inoculated into hollow fiber membranes (HFMs), where collagen gel with BMSCs formed after an hour at 37°C, 5% CO₂ and saturated humidity and then were inoculated into an air-lift loop hollow fiber membrane bioreactor (ALHFMB) for culture in an incubator. During the culture, the cell growth curves and morphology were detected, and metabolic parameters, such as the concentrations of glucose, lactic acid, glutamine, ammonia, O₂, and CO₂ as well as pH in medium were also evaluated. Moreover, the expanded cells were identified by phenotypes and multi-differentiation potentials. The results showed that in the ALHFMB, BMSCs metabolized robustly and expanded about 17- and 13-fold at the initial density of 5×10⁵ cells·mL^-1 within 7 days in dynamic and static modes, respectively; all the growing cells spread with a spindle appearance and long cell protrusions in gel; the expanded cells still maintained their own phenotypes and had the potentials of multi-differentiation.

Bronchial asthma is a common disease that is an important public health and social problem, thus a timely and accurate diagnosis is the key to prevention. With the development of diagnostic techniques for integrating Chinese and Western medicine, new treatment concepts, methods, and testing indicators appear regularly, making the diagnosis of asthma more accurate and specific. This article summarizes the diagnostic methods for asthma which are currently available, such as routine laboratory testing, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, exhaled breath condensate-related testing analysis, determination of lung function and airway reactivity, and traditional Chinese medicine diagnostic methods, to facilitate the timely and accurate diagnosis of asthma.

Background: Now the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenic has been rapidly increasing in China, the risk of fracture is becoming more and much higher. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the fracture risk in Chinese adult, then provide a basis for the design of new strategies to reduce fracture risk. Materials and Methods: Using Quantitative Ultrasonic Bone Densitometer to measure fracture risk for 5800 people. Using questionnaire to collect the information on lifestyle and medical history and examining blood biochemical index in laboratory. Results: It shows that the incidence of osteoporosis was present in 8.05%, and the incidence of osteopenic was present in 54.33%. The incidence of osteopenic and osteoporosis in female group was much higher than the incidence of osteopenic and Osteoporosis in male group. It is the commonest cause of osteoporosis in people aged over 60. Obesity was unlikely to cause osteopenic and osteoporosis. Underweight was a risk on osteopenic and osteoporosis. Hyperlipidemia, hypertension and hyperglycemia did not correlated to osteopenic and osteoporosis. Conclusion: Intervention strategy for reducing fracture risk should be provided to people, particularly for women, older people and thinner.

There is no doubt that the health status of children is related to the future of a state. Currently, there are many flaws and shortcomings of the drug use in children in China in pharmaceutical preparation, supply, and clinical application. Facing the current problems of pediatrics drug use, such as few varieties, insufficient dosage and standard, weak drug clinical experiment basis, unregulated prescription behavior, and unreasonable drug use, the government should build the evaluation system for drug use in children under the principles of systematicness, scientificity, typicality, dynamics, maneuverability, comparability, comprehensiveness. The specialty of medication for children poses great importance to the drug clinical application in children and the development of pediatric pharmacy, providing a better medical and health service to children.

Bladder cancer has a propensity for divergent differentiation with different prognosis. Urothelial carcinomas are the most frequent and important tumour type. In this study, immunhistochemical method was employed to detect the expression of E-cadherin, CK7, CK20, CD138, CD38, CD56 and Ki-67 in 7 cases of high grade aggressive bladder carcinoma. Our study shown 2 cases plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma (PUC) positive for CD38 and CD138, and lost the membranous expression of E-cadherin. Five cases small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma present CD56 strong positive and Chr A, Syn, NSE neuroendocrine carcinoma marker from weekly positive to stronger. The seven cases were negative for several lymphoid markers, embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma markers and malignant melanoma markers. The expression of Ki-67 was approximately 20% to 60%. Applications of immunohistochemistry of E-cadherin, CK7, CK20, CD38, CD56 and Ki-67 can distinguishing small cell high grade urothelial carcinoma. PUC and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma are uncommon and aggressive variant of bladder carcinoma associated with late presentation and poor prognosis. The correct diagnosis of them may be reached by combination of immunohistochemical E-cadherin, CK7, CK20, CD38 and CD56 results, its typical histological features and clinic characteristics.

Quantitative comparison of the mobility of cell protrusions is crucial for understanding the mechanisms underlying cell migration and movement. In this study, we established a semiquantitative time-lapse method for investigating the mobility of cardiac microvascular endothelial cell (CMEC) protrusions by comparing their migrating distances and two-dimensional coverage. Using this technique, we reveal that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) treatment is capable of inducing an increased number of CMEC filopodia and promoting CMEC filopodia migration with simultaneous swinging in the 360° range. However, in non-treated cells, the range was mainly limited to around 45°. This finding suggests that BDNF leads to the establishment of CMEC protrusions and promotes their mobility. The results of this study also suggest that the protocol we established is capable of semiquantitatively analyzing the mobility of protrusions by comparing their migrating distances and two-dimensional coverage.

In order to investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment methods of senile hypertension. We chose 80 cases of senile hypertension patients treated, retrospective summary analysis of clinical data. The results were that 80 cases of patients, blood pressure levels basically returned to normal in 73 cases, 5 cases did not reach normal, 2 cases died of cerebral hemorrhage. In conclusion, the elderly with isolated systolic hypertension, pulse pressure increased significantly, senile hypertension significantly increased the risk of disease of cardio cerebral vascular, comprehensive treatment, blood pressure medication with small doses, oral advisable, combination when necessary, to the complications, complications should be given corresponding treatment can achieve the desired effect.

Approach the relationship between the serum ferritin and progress Ischemic Stroke, mechanism of the ferritin, which will provide the evidence of the treatment and prognosis in the progress Ischemic Stroke. 150 patients are detected by the auto lamination meter made in the Germany (including progress Ischemic Stroke 100 cases, non-progressive apoplexy 100 cases, non-infarction 100 cases). The ferritin of patients is detected in by 1, 4, 7 days respectively after admission. At the same time, the age and evaluation of nerve function of the patient is registered. The Values of ferritin, on the same day, compared with non-progressive apoplexy group and normal group, Progress Ischemic Stroke group are higher (p<0.01). In progress Ischemic Stroke group and non-progressive apoplexy group, compared with the first day and the 7th day, the values of ferritin in 4th day are higher (p<0.01); The ferritin directly correlate with the symptom of nerve function absence (female p<0.05; male p<0.01). The higher ferritin contents, the more possible of apoplexy progress, ferritin can predict the prognosis of the progress Ischemic Stroke.

To test evaluation by the areola incision to female breast visual aesthetic effect. Methods: 1000 cases of areola arc incision to treat female breast benign neoplasm, postoperative treatment and 1 to 18 months follow-up, the nipple and areola were observed faint at the sight of puppy blood; Breast shape, incision scar; Ultrasound examination for neoplasm recurrence. Results: 1000 cases of January - 18 months after the first review were no recurrence of breast neoplasm; 961 patients of postoperative breast shape incision scar basic satisfaction; 905 cases of nipple and areola faint at the sight of puppy blood luck is good, 95 cases of postoperative 2 days change medicine appeared different degree of nipple and areola hematoma, after the strengthening treatment drainage treatment, 90 cases of patients with nipple cream faint at the sight of puppy blood supply situation is good, 5 cases of postoperative 1 to 18 months, scar more apparent, appearance change is bigger, nipple collapse. Conclusion: by the areola arc incision surgical treatment of female breast benign disease advantages are obvious, has reached the female breast patients of postoperative breast change aesthetic requirements.

The aim of this investigation is to understand the role of rehabilitation in the prognosis of patients with cerebral apoplexy and its influence to the immediate and long-term curative prognosis so that this can provide theoretical basis for taking corresponding rehabilitative measures to the people in the different period of stroke rehabilitation work. The method of this investigation is to divide patients with cerebral apoplexy into rehabilitation group and the control group based on whether the implementation of rehabilitation therapy. By measuring the changes of cognitive function and motor function, we assess the influence of rehabilitation treatment on the motor function and cognitive function of the patients to modify Barthel index evaluation form and functional comprehensive assessment scale as evaluation criterion to score for trial subjects and analyze the differences of data according to rank-sum test and chi-square test. The results show that the athletic ability of patients in rehabilitation group is significantly higher than that of control group. And this shows that rehabilitation has positive impact on the prognosis of patients with cerebral apoplexy. Rehabilitation group and control group have no obvious differences in the total score of every rehabilitation project in front of the rehabilitation treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the total score of rehabilitation treatment group increased significantly compared with that of controls (P<0.05). The differences of total score of every project are also significantly higher than the control group (P< 0.05). Rehabilitation group and control group have no obvious differences in the motor function indexes of every rehabilitation project in front of the rehabilitation treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, besides eating function without obvious differences, all kinds of motor function scores of rehabilitation treatment group are significantly higher compared with that of controls (P<0.05). At the end of month, with the clinical treatment, the modification and clad function score of patients with cerebral apoplexy in the community rehabilitation treatment increase significantly (P<0.05). Rehabilitation measures can promote the recovery of motor function in patients with cerebral apoplexy.

Objective: To investigate the effect of different concentrations of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) on neuronal cells. Methods: DBP was added to the cell culture medium to make the final concentration 100 μg/ml, 10μg /ml, 1 μg ml and 100 ng/ml. Wound healing scratch assays were performed to examine cell motility of different concentrations of DBP and cell morphological studies were applied to investigate the effects of DBP on neurite outgrowth in Neuro-2a cell. Result: DBP decreased the migration distances and inhibited neurite outgrowth in a dose- and time-dependent manner in neuro-2a cells. Conclusion: A relative higher concentrations of DBP can inhibit cell motility and neurite outgrowth in neuronal cells.

To study effect of JiangTangFangLong prescription on thyroid hormone in patients with different syndrome types of diabetes deafness. Free three iodine glycine (FT3) and free armor thyroid gland element (FT4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were tested before and after treatment in 42 cases (84 ears) of different syndrome types of diabetes deafness treated with JiangTangFangLong prescription. Compared with 40 normal people. Result: Different syndrome patients before treatment compared with normal, FT3 of Yin scorching type and gas Yin deficiency and Yin and TSH of Yang deficiency have fallen, but no significant statistical significance (P > 0.05). FT4 of Gas Yin deficiency and FT3 of Yin and Yang deficiency compaered with nomal person and before and after treatment have statistical significance, TSH of Yin and Yang deficiency compaered with nomal person and after treatment has not statistical significance. JiangTangFangLong prescription can improve the level of thyroid hormone of different syndrome types of diabetes deafness to different extent, and provide objective basis for prevention and control of diabetes.

Cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) and cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) play a critical role in cardiac angiogenesis and cardiac fibrosis. It has been hypothesized that different types of cells have unique migrating behaviors that correspond with their phenotypes and functions. In this study, migrating trajectories and related parameters (i.e., migrating distance, orientation distance and velocity) for CFs and CMECs were semiquantitatively investigated using time-lapse live cell analysis. Our results revealed that CMECs migrate in a curved trajectory in different directions, while CFs migrate in a long wave line trajectory in different directions in in vitro culture. The migration direction for both types of cells resembled a stochastic model. Our semiquantitative analysis demonstrated that, under physiological conditions, the migrating capacity of CFs is significantly stronger than that of CMECs.

The education of postgraduates majoring in clinical medicine plays an important role in the training of high-level talents, oriented to the all-round clinical medicine works, and aimed at the training of high-quality and high-level clinical medicine talents. On the basis of richer biomedical fundamental theories and clinical skill training, they are required to possess the innovative quality and master the evidence-based medicine, as well as excellent professional qualities and morality, by reinforcing the physician-related education, to enable the postgraduates of clinical medicine to meet the demands for high-level clinical physicians by society in the true sense.

[Objective] To study the serum minichromosome maintenance 2 (MCM2) levels in patients with colorectal cancer and to elucidate their clinical significance. [Methods] The study group consisted of 78 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer and 60 healthy volunteers. Serum MCM2 level was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). [Results]The serum MCM2 levels in colorectal cancer patients were significantly higher than those in normal persons (P<0.05), but no significant differences in sex, age, metastasis of lymph node and TNM stage. [Conclusion] Levels of serum MCM2 were elevated. MCM2 plays an important role in the occurence and development of colorectal cancer. It has promising value in clinical application.

Ginsenosides are the mainly component isolated from ginseng and ginsenoside Rg3 is one of the most important part.Recently, a little research found that ginsenoside Rg3 can inhibit some kinds of tumor growth and metastasis.So the authors investigate the effect of ginsenoside Rg3 on human ovarian cancer metastasis and the possible mechanism. The experimental lung metastasis models of ovarian cancer SKOV-3 and the assay of tumor-induced angiogenesis were used to observe the inhibitory effects of Rg3 on tumor metastasis and angiogenesis. Ginsenoside Rg3 can obviously inhibit the metastasis of ovarian cancer.

To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Mudanjiang population. A cross-sectional study including 3196 subjects was conducted. The basic characteristics and biochemical test results were collected from every subject for analysis. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus was 6.95%, increased with age (χ2=51.42, P=0.00) and significantly higher males (9.76%) than in females (4.27%) (χ2=36.56, P=0.00). Age, sex, obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and high triglyceride were each associated with an increasing risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, respectively. These findings from samples of Mudanjiang adults suggest that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus remains substantial. Age, sex, obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and high triglyceride are the risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Mudanjiang. Research in preventive strategies for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus is needed.

A novel magnetic targeting methotrexate loaded Fe₃O₄/ hydroxamated chitosan alpha-ketoglutaric acid (Fe₃O₄/HKCTS–MTX) microsphere was prepared. The preparation conditions of Fe₃O₄/HKCTS-MTX microspheres were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). The generated microspheres were then investigated in vitro for their capacity to achieve prolonged MTX release. The anti-tumor activities of Fe₃O₄/HKCTS-MTX microspheres against the HepG2 liver cancer cell line were estimated using MTT assay in vitro. Numerical optimization determined the optimum preparation conditions are found to be 13.72 for Fe₃O₄/HKCTS:MTX ratio, 130.91 mg.L^-1 for MTX concentration and 28.33°C for temperature. The entrapment efficiency under the optimal conditions was 55.72±0.64%. The results from MTT suggested that the Fe₃O₄/HKCTS-MTX nanoparticles has cytotoxic and anti-proliferation effect against HepG2 cells, and can induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells.

Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is rare malignant tumor which display various differentiation including smooth muscle the most commontly type and the cellular leiomyoma (CL) is significant increased cellularity mimicking an endometrial stromal tumor (EST). Due to the great similarity of ESS with cellular leiomyoma (CL) mimicking normal endometrium, it may be impossible to diagnose it with certainty on optical microscopy morphology. To study the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of ESS, Ultra Sensitive™ S-P method technique was applied to detect the expression of CD10, SMA, h-caldesmon, AE1/3, CD99, Ki-67, ER, and PR in ESS. There were 7 cases of endometrial stromal nodule (ESN), 15 cases of low grade ESS (LG-ESS) and 7 cases of hight grade ESS (HG-ESS). Our results illustrated ESS can display multi-differentiation which showed various pathomorphological features. Smooth muscle and sex-coed differentiation are the most common types. CD10 can be expressed consistently in ESSs. CD10 with h-caldesmon and SMA can be used to make differential diagnosis between EST and CL. This study shown that CD10 and PR stronger intensity and amount positive in ESNs and LG-ESSs than HG-ESSs, however, Ki-67 nuclear antigen is on the otherwise. The positive rates of CD10 and Ki-67 in LG-ESSs were higher than that in HGESSs (P<0.05). The expression of CD10 and Ki-67 might be important biological markers as the predictor for prognosis and targeting treatment of ESS.

Radiation dose is one of the most concerned problems in medical computed tomography (CT). A displaced-detector scan mode was presented in this paper. X-ray only covers about half of the cross section of patient in this scan mode. Further reducing the radiation dose of patient, the pitch of spiral trajectory is set about double of the conventional spiral scan. TV-based optimization algorithm is used to reconstruct the images of inspected region. Preliminary numerical simulations validate the scan mode and reconstruction algorithm.

Gout is the most common inflammatory disorder caused by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in articular and periarticular tissues. This article reviews recent updates in the intervention of hyperuricemia and gout, including pathophysiology of gouty Inflammation. Primary intervention include patient education, lifestyle changes and pharmacological therapy. The therapeutic drugs currently are used in clinical practice including xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors, uricase agents and uricosuric agents. Finally, traditional and herbal remedies may be as an alternative choice for the prevention and treatment of gout and rheumatism.

A mild and efficient hydrothiolation of alkynes with 2,2'-dithiosalicylic acid and tetrabutylammonium hydroxide in dimethylformamide and water was achieved with good to excellent regio- and stereoselectivity. The effect of the nature and position of substituents on the aromatic rings, the mechanism of the reaction, the production of the benzenethiyl radical, and the stereoselectivity of the reductive addition were studied.

Recent developments in photoacoustic technology enable the noninvasive imaging of cells such as blood and melanoma cells. However, the successful imaging of non-optical absorption cancer cells remains an obstacle to medical imaging technology. We present a high-resolution laser scanning photoacoustic (PA) imaging technique, which obtains two dimensional PA imagery through a microcavity PA transducer. Moreover, Au nanoparticles (NPs) conjugated with anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) were used as a contrast agent for photoacoustic molecular imaging. EGFR is a cell surface receptor biomarker that is highly expressed in the majority of epithelial cancers, but not present in normal cells. The binding and localization of the gold bioconjugates on the nasopharyngeal carcinoma epithelioid cell line (CNE1) surface increased the photoacoustic signals, a phenomenon with the potential to enable detection of cancer using inexpensive imaging systems.

Objective: To evaluate the application effect of TBL teaching method in bilingual education for endocrinology. Method: 68 undergraduates were randomly selected and enrolled in 2009 Class (the department of Clinical Medicine) to apply the TBL (Group A: team-based learning) and the traditional LBL (Group B: lecture-based learning:), SPSS17.0 software was utilized to make a statistical analysis (±S) to analyse their recognition of teaching methods and their comprehensive quality; t test was used to do comparison among groups. Result: Group A is better than Group B in terms of comprehensive quality including learning initiative, acquisition of knowledge, mastering and application of professional English, communication skill and team spirit. Moreover, Group A is also better than Group B in terms of recognition of teaching methods, with statistical significance. Conclusion: The application effect of TBL teaching method in bilingual education for endocrinology which may be better than that of the traditional LBL teaching method. Specific operating modes of the TBL teaching method should be further improved and promoted.

Purpose: to explore the clinical effects of the surgery of TKA for the treatment of senile rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: retrospectively analyzing the clinical condition of the 51 patients of TKA in our hospital. To grade the preoperative and postoperative KSS of knees joint whose content includes activity range and the stability. If there exists the situation of flexion angle, stretching lag and malalignment, Scores will be deducted according to the severity. Results are followed up for 6-36 months on average. The preoperative and postoperative knee KSS score includes the pain(50 points): preoperative evaluation is 12.32±8.58 points and postoperative score is 45.61 ± 5.21points; mobility (25 points, every 5 degrees equals to 1 point) : preoperative score is 8.32±4.58 points and postoperative score is 20.61 ± 3.21 points; Stability (the maximum mobility at any position) (25 points) : preoperative score is 9.44±3.26 points and postoperative grade is 19.78 ± 4.12 points. The differences between the three factors all have statistical significance (P < 0. 05). Conclusion: the application of TKA treatment for senile rheumatoid arthritis has significant clinical effects. The curative effect of manual TKA depends mainly on four aspects, namely the case selection, prosthesis selection, surgical technique and postoperative rehabilitation.

Objective: Surgical nursing is one of the main courses of nursing profession, it is a basic course and the main subject in clinical nursing practice, nurse licensing examination at home and abroad. Studying surgical nursing can not only train the ability of nursing students in clinical nursing, but also ays the foundation for further work in the nursing specialty, therefore, learn surgical nursing is a basic requirement for nursing students. According to the present stage in our surgical nursing teaching and students' practical situation, the state council Competency-based surgical nursing teaching course improved the students' analysis and the comprehensive ability to solve the problem of common clinical care, and outstanding ability training of students. Methods: purpose sampling method was used, 245 nursing students were studied in a university, Project assessment accounted for 30%. Based on the results of the completion of the project and student teaching evaluation work tasks, which undertake mainly examines students' comprehensive application and team cooperation ability; the theoretical examination (40%). In the form of a request for final exam, mainly examines the student learning basic specialized knowledge; trainee case analysis report and accounts for 40%. Trainee team as a unit for the inspection, mainly examines the student written language, oral communication and health education ability. Results: The score of ability training and the nursing students' ability in experimental group were higher than control group. Conclusion: modular teaching could modify surgical nursing teaching curriculum and pay attention to nursing students ability training, highlight the nursing students' ability of clinical nursing.

This paper aims to investigate the changes of corneal tissues biomechanical properties and its causes in the early phase of rabbit's cornea growth. Methods: The cornea tissues were obtained from 20 days, 60 days and 100 days-old-New Zealand white rabbits. The first part of the cornea tissues were cut into strips then they were used to test the elastic modulus on Instron5544 tester. The second part was observant of cornea structure with HE staining. The third part was usually through electron microscope observing corneal fibroblasts. The fourth part was used to measure the contents of collagen. Results: Biomechanical experiment results showed that the elastic modulus of cornea tissues was increased in the early growth; HE staining survey revealed that the numbers of corneal fibroblasts were decreased, the fiber bundle increased in the early growth; Electron microscope observation showed that there were abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum in corneal fibroblasts, which decreased on 100 days; The collagen content of cornea tissues was increased in the early growth. Conclusion: In the early cornea growth, the biomechanical properties increased because of the structure of cornea, the collagen content of cornea and the corneal fibroblasts were changed continually.

A numerous endogenous and exogenous agents can cause DNA damage which would affect the integrity of genomic materials inside the body. The response to DNA damage is the activation of DNA damage sensing protein ATM and ATR which trigger the cascade reactivation of repair system to fix the damaged DNA. If the damaged DNA was not completely repaired or the ability of DNA repair was deficient in the neuron, it would cause a series of fateful consequences such as cell death, apoptosis or oncogenesis. The deficiency in DNA repair also causes many neurodegenerative diseases. Purα is a ubiquitous nucleic acid-binding protein that was originally purified from the mouse brain based on its ability to bind to a DNA sequence derived from the promoter of the mouse myelin basic protein gene. It is reported that Purα also played an important role in DNA repair. In this review, we will discuss the importance of DNA damage and repair in central nervous system, the relationship between the DNA damage and neurodegeneration as well as the function of Purα, especially, the role it plays in the DNA repair.

In this study, to improve the comprehensive ability of clinical pharmacy students, the reform on the teaching content of clinical pharmacology course was carried out and PBL teaching mode was used, in which the training of practical capacity in clinical pharmacy students was emphasized and the “pharmacy service” concept was established and firmed, the students' learning autonomy and the training of their abilities were given full consideration, thereby improving the overall quality of students. The teaching reform of clinical pharmacology was closely linked to the training objectives of clinical pharmacy training program in our college. The application of PBL teaching method should be beneficial to the firm of “people-oriented and pharmacy service” concept, the strengthening of practical ability training, the adjustment of teaching contents and the standardization of evaluation system, to full play the enthusiasm of teachers and students for the promotion of clinical pharmacy undergraduate education to a new level.

A comprehensive review to analyze the causes of Uterine lomyosarcoma during the diagnosis and treatment in detail is been conducted, through our clinical experience and the refer of the Chinese and international literatures, we thought that LMS is characterized with atypism in clinical manifestations, and is difficult to be diagnosed, it has a high misdiagnosis rate, easy early metastasis, low survival rate and non-ideal treatment effect, etc. The integrated treatment mode of sieving in high-risk populations, early-discovery-early-treatment, and surgery plus adjuvant therapy, as well as close follow-up, can reduce the incidence and death rate of LMS patients. The research on LMS shall be promoted further, its early diagnosis level needs to be improved, and its pathogenic mechanism, sieving method, and prevention & cure measures studied should be explored more deeply.

The teaching reform of clinical pharmacy has become a development tendency in the pharmacy education. In this article, the reform of teaching model, setting of curriculum, clinical practice and other aspects in the clinical pharmacy is discussed and explored, and some suggestions associated to the reform of clinical pharmacy teaching are put forward, in order to solve problems that the clinical pharmacy is facing to lay the foundation for the training of qualified comprehensive clinical pharmacy expertise and promote the sustained and healthy development of clinical pharmacy. The clinical pharmacy teaching must also adapt to the current changes in the environment, continue to reform and explore teaching methods, and strive to develop clinical pharmacy professionals to meet the demand of the pharmacy model of modern hospital pharmacy.

The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway plays an important role during viral infection and disease development. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infections can result in abnormal NF-κB activation, which subsequently results in immunosuppression. To determine the effects of NF-κB on PRRSV proliferation, we generated two expression vectors encoding the NF-κB P50 and P65 subunits. MARC-145 cells were transfected with the recombinant expression vectors, and infected with PRRSV at 18 h post-transfection. NF-κB P50 and P65 expression levels were examined using western blotting. PRRSV levels were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays.MARC-145 cells transfected with both vectors or just the vector expressing the P65 subunit correlated with an increase in cytopathic effects (CPEs), inhibition of PRRSV proliferation, and a reduction in viral titer. Cells transfected with the vector encoding the P50 subunit displayed CPEs, delays in PRRSV replication, and a stable virus titer.NF-κB P50 and P65 subunits inhibit PRRSV replication in MARC-145 cells.

The aim of this paper is to explore the mechanism of Emodin ameliorating NAFLD hepatic lipid deposition.NAFLD rats were constructed by feeding high fat chow. NAFLD rats were received Emodin at a dose of 20, 40, 80mg/kg.d via oral administration. HE staining was used to detect hepatic pathology. The levels of TG, ALT and AST were assayed by biochemical analyses. The levels of serum TNF-α, IL-1 were measured by ELISA kits. Real time PCR and IMH staining were used to detect the expression of TLR4 signals. Our results showed Emodin could improve the NAFLD hepatic steatosis and inflammation,decrease the levels of serum AST, ALT, hepatic TG, and inhibit the secrection of serum TNF-α, IL-1. Furthermore, Emodin could inhibit the expression of hepatic TLR4 signals.We suggest that Emodin might ameliorate NAFLD via inhibiting hepatic TLR4 signal passway.

Objective: Contract nurses are hired by the examination of the hospital, who has the qualifications of nurses and is not enrolled nurse. Along with the continuous deepening of the reform of medical and health undertakings, the hospital establishment system was taken the adjustment, to use contract nurses is the main channel to solve the shortage of nursing human resources in hospital, contract nurses nursing team has gradually become an important part in the hospital nursing, in this study, to understand the current situation of contract nurses working conditions in Jilin hospital, to put forward the rationalization of management advice, to further improve the management of contract nurses. Method: According to the economic development of Jilin area, using stratified random sampling method in November, 2013, a total of 1100 survey of contract nurses at the hospital. Results: The bonus is generally lower than the same department and title enrolled nurse; the vacation, training, recognition of opportunities, position and promotion were all lower than the enrolled nurse. The salary system of contract nurses form 1500 to 2500 yuan were 63.7%, the proportion of the monthly salary of 2500 to 3000 yuan is only 24.5%. The bonus of contract nurses form 500 to 1000 yuan were 65.8%, which were lower than enrolled nurses. The assurance status of contract nurses is vary lower, many cantract nurses did not have the assurance. Conclusion: The treatment of contract nurses is low. It is important to improve the management of contract nurses and raise the treatment of contract nurses.

With the progress of science and technology, metabonomics has been gradually becoming a research tool in clinical diagnosis. In recent years, metabonomics increase the application in the field of scientific innovation and persuasive. The application of mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology makes the drug screening can be completed quickly. In this article, we report the application of metabonomics in the clinical diagnosis and we predict they have a broad application prospect in the future.

Objective: To explore the combination law of the disease locations and features of angina pectoris due to coronary heart disease under the guidance of syndrome differentiation system of five zangorgans. Methods: Medical records of angina pectoris were retrospectively processed with the “heart syndrome questionnaire” which was made by this team to standardize the symptoms, and then the disease locations and features were differentiated. Results: 417 medical records were analyzed. Disease locations involved heart, lung, spleen, liver, and kidney. Disease features involved qideficiency, blood deficiency, yang-deficiency, turbid phlegm, qi-stagnation, blood stasis, and cold. These disease locations and features formed 11 common syndromes, including syndromes of heartqi deficiency, heart-yang deficiency, heart-blood stagnation, cold pathogen coagulated in the heart vessel, both qi and blood deficiency of the heart, yin deficiency of the heart and the kidney, yang deficiency of the heart and the kidney, blood deficiency of the heart and the liver, qi deficiency of the heart and the lung, both qi and yin deficiency of the heart and the lung and both qi and blood deficiency of the heart and the spleen. Among them, the syndrome of heart-blood stagnation had a proportion of 38.61%, which was the highest. Conclusions: The process of syndrome differentiation of angina pectoris was greatly simplified by using the syndrome differentiation system of five zangorgans. The idea of this research can be applied to other diseases to establish a new diseases and syndromes system further, thereby making contributions to the TCM education, clinic and research.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effects of “Tai Chi Rehabilitation Gymnastics” in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure(CHF). Materials and Methods: A total of sixty patients(32men, 28 women) with CHF were randomly assigned into two comparison groups. All patients should meet the accepted criteria as defined by the New York Heart Association (NYHA). Group A were treated with conventional therapy alone, group B were additionally treated with TRG training. TRG training was 3-5 times a week, every training needed about 15-25 minutes. Observed the changes of heart function classification, Left ventricular ejection fraction, 6-min walk test, Brain Natriuretic Peptide and Angiotensin II before treatment and after 2 months. Results: At 2 months, patients in the group B showed improved heart function classification, Left ventricular ejection fraction, increased distance walked in 6 minutes, and decreased levels of Brain Natriuretic Peptide and Angiotensin II compared with patients in group A. Conclusion: “Tai Chi Rehabilitation Gymnastics” could play an effective role in helping to treat CHF, so it appears to be a safe alternative to conventional exercise training. Therefore, it is worth promoting.

AIM: To investigate the effect of LOXL2 silencing on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell progression and metastasis. METHODS: The HepG2 cell line was used to identify LOXL2. A lentiviral vector containing LOXL2-siRNA was constructed to knock down the LOXL2 gene in HepG2 cells in vitro. Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA of target gene. The number of HepG2 cells was calculated, cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed using flow cytometry, and growth was determined via colony formation assay and MTT method. All statistical analyses were conducted using the IBM SPSS version 19.0 statistical software package. RESULTS: LOXL2 was high expressed in HCC cell lines, especially in HepG2 cell line. Therefore, HepG2 cells were selected for further functional characterization. There were significantly fewer HepG2 cells when the LOXL2 gene was knocked down, which indicated that LOXL2 promoted cell proliferation by accelerating the G1 phase transition and decreasing the G2/M phase transition. The flow cytometric assays also revealed that LOXL2 silencing increased apoptosis in HepG2 cells and significantly reduced the number of cell colonies. The LOXL2-knockdown HepG2 cell absorbance (MTT assay) gradually decreased over five days of culture. CONCLUSION: The present study revealed that LOXL2 silencing decreased proliferation and tumorigenicity in HCC. Therefore, LOXL2 may play an important role in HCC progression and metastasis.

Purpose: To explore the clinical application of artificial thigh bone replacement of small lateral incision to cure senile hip fracture. Method: To make random selection of 120 patients who made artificial femoral displacing operation to cure displaced hip fracture in our hospital from 2009 to 2013. They are randomly divided into two groups: the observation group approaches from small lateral incision with 60 cases while the control group approaches from small anterior lateral incision with 60 cases. Compare the incision length, intraoperative blood loss, operative time, blood transfusion volume, postoperative activity time, postoperative pain and complications of the two groups, we can find that the incision length, intraoperative blood loss, operative time, blood transfusion volume, postoperative activity time, postoperative pain and complications of the observation group are all less than the control group after the follow-up visit for 8 to 12 weeks of the patients. Through the calculation of statistics, the two sets of data have outstanding statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The small incision of artificial thigh bone replacement for the treatment of agedness hip fracture has the features of small trauma, less bleeding, small blood transfusion volume, short operation time, earlier postoperative activity time, lighter pain, rapider recovery, etc.

To strengthen the prevention and control of infection in operation room, and to ensure the medical safety and reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection in operation room. Methods to establish a strict management system of operation room infection, and to carry out the scientific and systematic management of operation room infection. Results the effective measures to control the infection in the operation room were established, and the monitoring indexes were in normal range. Conclusion operation room should establish and improve a set of scientific management system and management measures, the operation room infection prevention and control work to implement, improve medical quality, ensure operation safety.

We searched for all the references lists of relevant articles by CNKI, Wanfan, Pubmed and Springer link data base and retrieved the additional articles by hand. Meta-analysis software (RevMan5.0) was applied for heterogeneity tests in genotype level, a random-effects model was adopted if there were obvious heterogeneity among studies. On the contrary, a fixed effect model was used. At the same time, publication bias was investigated by funnel plots. These genotypes (CC vs AA, AC vs AA) and the allele (C vs A) of rs1470579 polymorphic loci in IGF2BP2 was significant association with T2DM (OR=1.30 95% CI=[1.19,1.43] P<0.00001, OR=1.11 95% CI=[1.06,1.17] P<0.00001, OR=1.16 95% CI=[1.10,1.23] P<0.00001). Our study showed the significant association between the rs1470579 polymorphic loci of IGF2BP2 and T2DM.

Through the two forms of manual recording and bar code system recording the basic equipment in the operating room and foreign implantable devices, this paper expounds the basic management process of surgical instruments and bar code tracing of implantable medical devices, and then points out the important role played by bar code technology in the management of medical apparatus.

180 Nursing undergraduate students who entered our college in 2007 and 2008 were chosen as the subjects and divided into control group (90) and experimental group(90). There were no significant differences statistically in their ages, entrance scores and scores of specialized courses (p>0.05) between the two groups. The students in the control group were given the lecture on fundamentals of nursing, health assessment and other individual experimental projects by using the teaching methods of the traditional demonstration and confirmation; those in the experimental group learnt the lecture by their using the second-generation SinMan to complete the comprehensive and designing experiments. The results showed that there were significant differences in students' final theoretical and experimental scores between the two groups, and students had a high degree of recognition on the model, especially on the improvement in their learning interest, learning initiative and enthusiasm, self-learning ability, comprehensive ability, and teamwork etc. It is indicated that the application of second-generation SinMan in the comprehensive and designing experiments can give students an opportunity to be trained in simulated clinical scenarios prior to entering clinical practice, and is a new model of teaching, which can not only improve the operational capability of students in clinical skills and clinical comprehensive thinking ability, but also stimulate their learning enthusiasm and potential. However, there are some deficiencies in this experimental teaching model and they should be further studied and improved in the future practice.

Objective: to study the breast census method, analysis of census results, found that breast diseases and its related factors, to strengthen the prevention and improvement of women's quality of life, reduce the mammary gland disease incidence. Methods: the combination of general palpation and ultrasound examination. For suspected cases line further examination, including molybdenum target X-ray and fresh breast intraductal endoscopic and breast mri scanning, take on suspected cases of puncture biopsy and so on. Results: the client, the number of cases to be 2203, prevalence was 23.14%; Ultrasound scans found below 0.3 mm lesions in 189 cases; 11 cases of breast cancer. Conclusion: the female breast health nots allow to ignore, should strengthen the propaganda of selfcare knowledge; Ultrasound can find small lesions, early detection, early treatment of mammary gland disease is important.

Objective: The ability to find and retrieve information efficiently is an important skill for undergraduate nursing students. CI theory is about corporate image design, originated in the United States, developed in Japan. CI means Corporate Image and Corporate Identity. CI theory include three theories, enterprise individual, enterprise image and enterprise image recognition. The nursing image design based on CI theory was used to improve nursing students' ability in interview, to improve the successful rate in their job search. Methods: random sampling method was used, 254 nursing students were studied in a university, a total of 254 questionnaires were used and recycled of 254, which 253 were valid questionnaires, the effective rate was 98%. Questionnaire investigation, on consulting a large number of literature and comprehensive analysis were used and judgment by the basis of self-designed questionnaire. Questionnaire after more than 1 statistics experts and nursing experts to review, the items in the questionnaire reflected the degree of nursing nursing image design knowledge, state, line as connotation, through to the surface Validity and content validity of the evaluation. The validity of the questionnaire was 0. 90. The nursing image design teaching group and control group were used in this study. Results: The nursing image design based on CI theory group's score is 91.97± 5.42, compared with control group, which significantly higher than the intervention of nursing students before the interview ability score (71.96± 4.24) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of the nursing image design based on CI theory, it can inspire students' potential ability, well shape their own good image, enrich their the interview experience and improve nursing students' ability to interview.

Objective: To explore the effects of Jujube Polysaccharide(JP) on the immunological function of the immunosuppressive model mice induced by cyclophosphamide(CY). Methods: With the immune function of immunosuppres- ive mice induced by CY as the research object, observe that JP has the roles in macrophage phagocytosis, hemolysin, Hemolytic plaque formation and peripheral blood lymphocyte transformation, percentage of lymphocyte of immunosuppressive mice. Results: The model is established by intraperitoneal injection of CY. The high, medium and low dose of JP can improve phagocytosis percentage and phagocytic index of peritoneal macrophages in immunosuppressive model mice remarkably, promote the formation of hemolysin and haemolysis lacunae remarkably or obviously, promote lymphocyte transformation rate of immuno-suppressive mice and percentage of lymphocyte remarkably. Conclusion: JP has good effect onimmunosuppressive mice induced by CY.

SUMO4 gene is located on chromosome 6q25, and a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is associated with susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes have familial clustering, which suggests a common genetic basis between them. Several susceptibility genes have been reported to associate with both of them. This study aimed to detect the potential association of SUMO4 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to T2DM by a case-control study of north Chinese population. 100 patients with T2DM were included in this study and 500 controls. The 4 SNPs in SUMO4 gene were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-high resolution melting curve (PCRHRM). The relationship of allelic and genotypic frequencies of the SUMO4 gene with the risk of T2DM was evaluated by the crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from multivariate logistic regression models. Then we reviewed the association between rs237025 and T2DM in Asian populations via a meta-analysis. The logistic regression analysis adjusted by gender and age showed significant association for rs17506789 GG+GA genotype (OR=1.831, P=0.032). However, no association was observed for rs237025 in our sample. We identified five other studies for rs237025 (2562 T2DM patients and 2509 controls) in Asian. Meta-analysis indicated significant associations for the rs237025 G allele (OR=1.15, 95% CI =1.05– 1.25, P=0.002). Subjects having haplotype AAC were more susceptible to T2DM in the Chinese population (OR=1.5, P=0.02). SNPs rs17506789 and rs237025 are associated with susceptibility to T2DM, and haplotype AAC also contributes to the development of T2DM.

Analysis and discussion of the application and clinical results of the family continuing nursing care to hypertensive patients. Methods: 100 cases of hypertension patients, divided into the observation group and the control group with the method of random number remainder method, 50 cases in each group. The control group used the traditional outpatient follow-up model, observation group formed to take the family extended care center, home visits and guidance, making the continuation of family cards and other family care approach. Follow-up evaluate the patient's blood pressure control success rate and survival quality before and after the intervention .Results: this group of elderly hypertensive patients after intervention, blood pressure control success rate is higher than before (P < 0. 05), and improve quality of life is better than that of before intervention (P < 0. 05). Conclusion: family continuing nursing care for discharged patients is helpful to improve hypertension prevention knowledge, can obviously improve the blood pressure, improve the quality of life.

Study on clinical effect of skin flap necrosis with unhealed incision of the effect of using pearl burn ointment in treating breast cancer after operation and in wound healing in the mechanism of action. 42 cases of After the operation of breast cancer unhealed incision disease patients were randomly divided into two groups, treatment group, control group. Observe fresh wound granulation tissue growth and healing status in each group. To observe the clinical efficacy of the treatment of relevant indicators and wound healing time in two groups after 4 weeks. Clinical efficacy of unhealed incision of skin flap necrosis after breast cancer treatment shows efficiency, recovery time is shorter, 42 patients in the process of using pearl burn ointment, no side effects obvious. It is worth in clinical application.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among the patients with chronic kidney disease, and to provide a baseline information for management of chronic kidney disease. Materials and Methods: We used MOS 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) to assess HRQOL of patients with chronic kidney disease. The participants should complete the questionnaire independently. Results: There were no significant differences in the gender and age among the patients with CKD (P >0.05). The scores of SF-36 was no change at the first stage, but scoring grew lower with severity of disease, especially, in those dimensions included role-physical (RP), general health (GH), social function (SF) and role emotional (RE) at the end stage renal disease. Conclusion: The traditional strategies of health management related to chronic kidney disease in China should add the following content from second stage: providing psychologic services and social support for patients and their carers. These strategies would improve the health related quality of life in pations with chronic kidney disease.

Due to the complex motion of the heart valve leaflets, the fluid domain undergoes large deformations, including changes of topology. In order to improve long term durability of bioprosthetic heart valve, we analyze and compare stress distribution of bioprosthetic heart valve leaflets with different inlet velocity of blood. We will establish the ellipsoidal, spherical, paraboloidal and cylindrical leaflets models via computer aided design. Based on the parametric models of the heart valve, six kinds of inlet velocity (1m/s, 1.5m/s, 2m/s, 2.5m/s, 3m/s and 3.5m/s) of blood is analyzed by us and finite element analysis is used to simulate the mechanical performance of HBV during the diastolic phase. We can conclude that the bioprosthetic heart valve leaflet with different inlet velocity of blood has a significant effect on the dynamic behavior of the bioprosthetic heart valve. According to the whole loading process, we can conclude that three kinds of stresses have risen from 1m/s to 3.5m/s. Thus we can conclude that ELV with different blood inlet velocity is better than SLV.

Yttrium(Y) was selected alloying element to develop the Mg-2Zn-0.5Ca-xY (x=0 wt.%, 0.5 wt.%, 1.0 wt.%, 1.5 wt.%) alloys as implant materials, the structure and mechanical properties were investigated. The results indicated that the Mg-2Zn-0.5Ca alloy was mainly composed of α-Mg solid solution and CaZn₃ compound. After adding the element Y, the Mg₂₄Y₅ appeared. The mechanical properties of the solution naturally age(T4) treated alloys improved with addition Y element, because that solid solution was strengthened resulting from element Y and precipitation was strengthened resulting from compound Mg₂₄Y₅.

An economical and effective method for the preparation of immunoglobulin G (IgG) of rabbit serum was established. Based on the larger difference of isoelectric point between IgG and serum albumin (SA), Q Sepharose−XL strong anion-exchange chromatography was applied to purify IgG from rabbit serum, which was immunized by the classical swine fever virus (CSFV). The serum samples were loaded onto the column equilibrated with pH 8.0, 0.02 mol/L Tris-HCl buffer and were eluted with pH 6.0, 0.02 mol/L Tris-HCl buffer containing 0.05 mol/L NaCl. SDS-PAGE and the activity analysis demonstrated that the high-purity IgG with normal activities was obtained and its recovery was over 95%. Moreover, it suggests that the method was suitable for a large-scale IgG purify from serum.

Evidence has shown that peripheral immune cells, such as monocytes, can sometimes infiltrate into the brain. But the mediators between central nervous system and immune system was still equivocal. Based on a neuro-immune interaction cell model, cytokines and chemokines involved in the interaction and their effects were studied. Communication via membrane vesicle fusion between neuron and glial cells was also explored. Our data suggested that the effect of cytokines and chemokines released by neural cells depends on the pattern of their combination and the types of immune cells targeted.

The paper addresses some key developments in the area of microwave tomography imaging in recent years and assesses its advantages as compared with other commonly used imaging modalities. As a relatively new approach among imaging techniques, the principle of microwave tomography imaging is first introduced. The structure of a typical microwave tomographic system is then described. Example applications of the system for biomedical and biopharmaceutical imaging as well as other imaging applications are presented.

This study investigated the correlation between fingertip tactile sensation and the digit force regulation for a stable grip control. The tactile deficits of the thumb and index finger were realized by a simulated tactile block on each individual digit. A directional effect of the tactile sensation on the digit force regulation was found in the correlation analysis. For the force components of the both digits in the vertical direction, moderately and strongly positive correlations between tactile sensation and force regulation of the thumb and index finger, respectively, were found. These findings reflected the role of tactile sensation in precise motor control.

The interactions between transcription factors (TFs) and their DNA binding sites are important part of the transcription regulation network. Here we present a simple, low-cost and effective method to identify TFs for a given DNA fragment. The screening was confirmed by Electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and the protein binding to promoter of hCLP46 was purified by SDS-PAGE, further identified to be histone 2a by peptide fingerprinting.

Klebsiella pneumoniae and Yersinia enterocolitica are two common pathogenic bacteria leading to intestinal disease. The accurate differentiation and rapid detection are essential prerequisites for the effective control and prevention of these pathogens. In this study, a duplex PCR assay was developed that employed specific primers targeted to the phoE gene of K. pneumoniae, and the ail gene of Y. enterocolitica to detect these two pathogens at the same time. In addition, an optimization method for the duplex PCR reaction system was also described. Results show that the duplex PCR assay provides a rapid and reliable method for the simultaneous detection of K. pneumoniae and Y. enterocolitica.

A novel glucose biosensor was developed by linking chitosan modified LaF₃:Ce,Tb and Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles with concanavalin A (ConA) as the bridge. The LaF₃:Ce,Tb nanoparticles were first synthesized with microwave-assisted method and subsequently surface-modified with chitosan (CS) for further conjugation with ConA. The glucose biosensor was obtained when CS modified LaF₃:Ce,Tb nanoparticles was conjugated with ConA modified Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. In the presence of glucose, the competitive binding reaction of glucose with the CS capped on the surface of the LaF₃:Ce,Tb nanoparticles weakened the fluorescence intensity of the system after magnetic separation, due to the decrease of the numbers of fluorescent nanoparticles. The biosensor showed a linear response to glucose within the concentration range of 2.5 ~ 18.5 μmol·l^-1 and a detection limit of 0.65 μmol·l^-1.

In order to solve the residual background noise resulted by the existing speech enhancement algorithm, and distorting formant of speech resulted by the existing loudness compensation algorithm for hearing aids, the fusion algorithm based on speech enhancement and loudness compensation for digital hearing aids is proposed in this paper. According to human auditory perception theory, noisy is divided into several sub-bands by Gammatone filter banks simulated the cochlear model in this algorithm. In each sub-band denoising and loudness compensation are achieved by multi-masking and sound pressure gain. Experimental results show that the background noise is removed effectively, the requirements of people who have hearing loss of sound pressure level are met, and formant of speech get well protected. Clinical measures show that the intelligibility, articulation and comfort are improved for hearing losses of the patients.

The difference of medical images at different time is very important for doctor to make correct judgement of patient's status. Due to the imaging condition difference, the precise registration is needed between medical images at different time. In this paper, SIFT-Delaunay coding automatic registration algorithm is used for characteristic points matching of medical images at different time. Then, piecewise automatic regression linear interpolation algorithm is used for interpolating local image area which have difference. Finally, pseudo color is used to mark the change of different medical images. At last, the experimental result on measured date is present.

Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) have been found to play important regulatory roles in the physiopathology of cells, tissues and organs. In this study, we developed a real-time quantification RT-PCR method to quantitate the expression of piRNAs in cardiac telocytes and their shedding exosomes. Our results reveal that this method is reliable and capable of quantitatively analyzing piRNAs specifically in cells and exomes. We believe that this method is a powerful tool for monitoring dynamic changes in piRNAs at the cellular and subcellular levels.

This study is to investigate the delaying senescent effect of polysaccharides from angelica and astragalus (AAP) on WI-38 cells. WI-38 cells were pre-subjected to treatments with AAP, ASP and AMP from the 20^th passage to the 50^th passage, last for 30 times. Cell morphology, senescence-associated β-galactosidases and intracellular levels of reactive oxygen (ROS) were analyzed to evaluate the effect of delaying cell senescence. Our results showed that AAP could protect cells against the senescence. Compared with the 50^th passages cells, AAP, ASP and AMP could delay cells enlargement and flattened morphology, significantly reduce the SA-β-gal activity. Furthermore, the effectiveness of AAP was superior to AMP or ASP treatment alone. Our study indicates that AAP has significant delaying cell senescent efficacy.

The Purpose of this research was to inhibit the expression of Lipoxygenase-2 gene in maize seed (ZmLOX-2), attempted to clarify the function of ZmLOX-2 gene and obtained genetically modified maize seed of ZmLOX-2 gene silenced. According to the principle of RNA interference (RNAi), ZmLOX-2 gene in Maize seed was cloned by RT-PCR. RNAi plant expression vector containing ZmLOX-2 gene was constructed. Through genetic transformation, we obtained ZmLOX-2 RNAi transgenic seed. The result showed that the inhibition of ZmLOX-2 expression was successful. This study would be a significant progress in understanding function of ZmLOX-2 and be beneficial to the application of ZmLOX-2 expression inhibition in seed storage.

In the present paper, a tri-step infrared spectroscopy was used to study and analysis Corylus heterophylla leaves (CHL) harvested from different periods. The results showed that the samples from different periods had obvious characteristic absorption peaks at 1318 cm-1 and 782 cm-1 assigned to the Calcium oxalate. The relative intensity of the IR peaks around 1647 cm-1 and 1046 cm-1 had perceptible differences between CHL harvested in August and others. In the second derivative spectra, the characteristic peaks around 1659 cm-1 and 1316 cm-1 showed obvious differences between CHL harvested in June and others. In the two-dimensional correlation infrared spectra, CHL harvested from different periods were rather similar. However, the samples from different periods were visually distinguished according to the significant differences in auto-peak position and intensity. Moreover, CHL harvested from different periods showed more differences under the thermal perturbation. The mutual influences under the thermal perturbation had significant differences between the characteristic absorption peaks assigned to the flavonoids and the peaks assigned to the carbohydrates. Therefore, the Tri-step infrared spectroscopy were successfully applied to fast analyze and identify the CHL harvested from different periods, which would be significant in rational exploitations and utilizations of CHL.

In this work, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) gauze embedded silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was successfully prepared by in situ formation of AgNPs in CMC gauze. The prepared AgNPs-CMC gauze was characterized by FT-IR, UV–vis and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results confirmed the presence and crystalline structure of the AgNPs in the CMC gauze. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus) and Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria, and the results indicated that the prepared AgNPs-CMC gauze showed excellent antibacterial activity, bacterial reduction was higher than 99.9% in 24h.

Radio frequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) which is a form of electromagnetic radiation with a rate of oscillation in the range of around 3 kHz to 300 GHz, has aroused worldwide attention in decades because of the extensive use of mobile phones and electronic appliances. To investigate whether the 1800MHz RF-EMR could induced oxidation and the function of Vitamin C and Vitamin E for cells, Balb/c-3T3, Hela, HepG2 and Eca-109 cells were exposed to 1800MHz RF-EMR for 1h at the pattern of 5 min on and 5 min off. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) content were detected. The results indicated that 1800MHz RF-EMR induced cells SOD activity compensatory increasing and GSH content decreasing. Vitamin C and Vitamin E could scavenge the free radicals resulting in SOD activity decreasing and GSH content increasing.

This paper aimed to investigate the in vitro anioxidative activity of water-soluble polysaccharides obtained from Scorzonera divaricata L. in Tarim Basin of South Xinjiang. The water-soluble polysaccharides were prepared by microwave-assisted water extraction and alcohol precipitation method. Phenol-sulfuric acid method was used to determine the content of polysaccharides. The anti-oxidation activities were assessed by DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion radical scavenging methods. Anti-lipid peroxidation ability was measured by AOCS Cd 12b-92 method. The water-soluble polysaccharides showed a remarkable free radical scavenging activities, as evidenced by the lowest IC₅₀ values for DPPH radical (56.35 μg·mL^-1), hydroxyl radical (68.75 μg·mL^-1) and superoxide anion radical (2.31 μg·mL^-1) scavenging, respectively. The polysaccharides exhibited anti-lipoperoxidation ability to lard, sunflower seed oil, cottonseed oil and rapeseed oil, for the antioxidant activity indices (AI) were 16.13±1.35, 2.33±0.21, 1.28±0.17, 1.07±0.06, respectively.

The expression genes of plants are often co-occurred. It is posed to biologist how to find a set of coexpressed genes that are relevant to a biological process. In this paper, we proposed a novel method to construct coexpression network. Our scheme is divided into two stages. Firstly, the differentially expressed genes are identified by using feature extraction methods. Secondly, the coexpression network is constructed based on the genes identified by the first stage. Based on real gene expression data of Arabidopsis responding to abiotic stresses, experimental results show that our method can discover the coexpression modules associated with the special biological process.

The antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antitumor properties of mushroom Suillus luteus 95% ethanol extract (SLE) were evaluated. SLE showed potent radical-scavenging activities against DPPH in vitro, could increase antioxidant enzymatic activities (SOD and GSH-Px), and could reduce MDA content in D-galactose-induced aging mice in vivo. ±-Glucosidase-inhibiting activity results showed that SLE could inhibit ±-glucosidase activity in vitro. SLE also can decrease the blood glucose level in diabetic mice. SLE could decrease the serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) levels and increase the high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) level. Additionally, the HDL-C/TC ratio increased significantly in a dosedependent manner. The MTT assay showed that the inhibitory effect of SLE on proliferation was most obvious in human K562 cells. These results suggest that SLE may be beneficial for human health and could be useful for applications in medicine, the food industry and agriculture.

In order to improve prediction accuracy of ATP binding residues of proteins, a method of ELM ensemble prediction based on imbalanced data sets is proposed in this paper. Firstly, in order to remove the imbalance of original data sets, under-sampling method based on K-means clustering algorithm is used to process majority samples. New data sets are composed of processed majority samples and minority samples. Secondly, features are extracted by word statistics model that the range of k is from 1 to 5. Increment of diversity theory is used to reduce the dimension of higher dimension feature. Finally, ensemble prediction algorithm based on ELM is used to predict ATP binding residues of proteins. In order to improve the generalization capability of individual classifier, bagging algorithm is used to produce differential training samples to train individual classifier. Experiment demonstrates that the good prediction effect is gained by using the method in this paper. Forecast accuracy is 91.93% and Matthews's correlation coefficient is 0.84. Two indices are higher than another two methods.

AIM: To investigate the dysfunctional mechanism of salivary amylase secretion. Methods: The reserpined group rats received reserpine (0.5mgkg-1d-1) by subcutaneous injection (chronically reserpinized), while the control group rats received the same volume of saline for 8 days. The animals were anaesthetized on the 8th d, 20μl 10% glacial acetic acid was applied on the apex of the tongues once every minute for 10 minutes, rats' saliva was extracted and saliva amylase activity (sAA) was detected, as well as the saliva flow. On the 9th d, animals were anaesthetized, and the left parotids were removed followed with wounds sutured. 20μl 10% glacial acetic acid was applied on the apex of the tongues every minute for 30 minutes, and the right parotid glands of the animals were removed. Zymogen granules were counted by transmission electron microscope, the content of sAA, VIP and cAMP and the protein expression of VAMP8, SNAP-23 in the parotid glands were measured. Results: The ratios of sAA concentration and total sAA in parotid gland of reserpinized rats before and after stimulated by acid were decrease compared with normal rats. No obvious difference in parotid acinar sAA between reserpinized and normal rats was observed before stimulation, but the sAA and numerical density secretory granules in parotid acinar were higher in reserpinized rats than in normal rats after stimulation. cAMP level was not different between the two groups before and after stimulation. VIP decreased in parotid gland of normal rats but increased in chronically reserpinized rats after stimulation. VAMP-8 protein expression was not different between the two groups, but SNAP-23 protein expression was lower. Conclusion: Dysfunction of salivary amylase secretion in parotid gland of chronically reserpinized rats may be related to lower expression of SNAP-23 protein.

Mastitis according to its time and stage of the disease can be divided into nursing and lactation mastitis. Lactation mastitis due to milk deposition, the reason of infection by pathogenic bacteria is more clear, so the clinical treatment effect is good, not lactation mastitis causes are relatively complex and has strong uncertainty, there exists significant difference as the course of the different clinical manifestations, in the process of clinical diagnosis and treatment in our country at present to detailed classification of the lactation mastitis, so the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis is high, treatment method of selective is not strong, the treatment effect is not good, and easy recurrence. According to the clinical characteristics of lactation mastitis and its possible causes, this article will not breast-feeding mastitis is divided into around the mammary gland inflammation, conduit dilated lobular granulomatous mastitis mastitis and three, respectively for each non breast-feeding mastitis clinical disease characteristics and causes of the latest research progress are reviewed, the purpose is to improve efficiency of clinical diagnosis and treatment for reference.

Lung Cancer Detection currently has massive research development across the world concerned to the global vision of creating human friendly treatment for patient longevity. Spicule Lesion Detection (SLD) has been integrated to Lung Cancer Detection (LCD) as the main focus through a novel conceptual algorithm called AUM Algorithm. AUM Algorithm itself is a combination three different part of single algorithm. Firstly Kepler First Law (KL) and Random Forest (RF), later on called as KLRF for accuracy and optimization. Secondly, for evidence purposed used of Statistical Inference (SI) and Dempster-Shafer Theory (DST), later on called as SIDST. Thirdly, Cognitive Neuroscience and Computational Geometry Approach (AUM Mantra) called as N to neutralize. The whole work functions can be formulated as SLD [(KLRF) x (SIDST)] = N (LCD). These research based on theoretical model of depression level of LGBTQIA people groups and its relevance to Lung Cancer intervention with HIV+, and AIDS. These AUM Algorithm itself means for that one cell of lung cancer neutralization has its importance to the whole of lung cancer detection system.

Purpose: to strengthen the management of the surgical instruments in the operating room; to reduce the loss of the equipment; to optimize intraoperative care; to improve the nursing care for patients; to work more closely with operations; to save the intermediate links in the handover of cleaning and counting in the operating room and supply room. Methods: to groupe all kinds of surgical instruments by operative category and take pictures with a digital camera. Then indicate the name, quantity, application, disinfection and maintenance method of the equipment on the proper position of the pictures which will be pasted on the appropriate location of the surface of the instrument cabinet. And make corresponding cards with words indication according to the materials needed in various surgeries. Taking the patients admitted from January to June in 2013 as the observation group while taking the patients admitted from July to December in 2013 as the as the control group for comparison. The circulating nurse of the observation group prepares preoperative materials under the guidance of the images before operation while the circulating nurse of the control group get prepared in traditional way, and then comparing the accuracy rate of the materials prepared by the two groups. Results: The observation group prepared accurately for 650 cases (93.09%) while the control group prepare accurately for 450 cases (63.91%). Conclusion: The guidance of the equipment pictures not only improves the accuracy of the preparation of the equipment, but also improves the satisfaction of the doctor, relieve the psychological pressure of nurses, improve the self-confidence and work efficiency, do benefits to the psychosomatic development of nurses, improve the quality of nursing work, relieve the pain and economic burden of the patients, improve the satisfaction of patients to the nursing work and makes contribution to the improvement of the self-quality of the nurses as well as the overall working quality.

In the present work, trypsin (TR) was adsorbed or immobilized on filter-paper to obtain the bioactive surfaces for gelatin digestion. In order to improve the stability and the efficiency of trypsin adsorbed on the surface of filter-paper, glutaraldehyde (GA) was used as the crosslinking agent to immobilize the trypsin molecules. The immobilized trypsin (IM-TR) showed better gelatin digestion efficiency than that of trypsin adsorbed on filter-paper (AD-TR) in rigorous conditions, such as at high temperatures of 40 and 50 °C, in the presence of alcohol or dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO), and at various pH values. The IM-TR also exhibited higher stability than AD-TR. The improved efficiency and stability of IM-TR can be explained by the crosslinked trypsin on the surface of filter-paper effectively inhibited the denaturation, autolysis, and leaching of trypsin. The LC/MS/MS results showed that gelatin sample would be digested into amino acids and/or oligomers. The trypsin immobilization approach is anticipated to be employed not only for protein digestion but also for various other fields where the poor enzyme stability presently hampers the practical applications of enzymes.

Accuracy of the stimulus and recording parameters are crucial to human visual electrophysiology examination. A method for calibrating the flash intensity, flash duration, amplitude, frequency and latency of the visual electrophysiological instruments is presented. A calibration system is developedfor calibratingall these parameters and it is capable of simulating the human visual electrophysiological system. It is tested by calibrating a commercial visual electrophysiological instrument. Results are analyzed and the traceability is demonstrated. The measurement uncertainty of the flash intensity is 2.5% (k=2). The lowest amplitude of simulated electrophysiological signals of the calibration system can reach as low as 1μV.

Developments in tissue engineering require biofunctional materials that not only give a structural support for cells, but also can interact with cells to promote desired biological functions. For the repair of most soft tissue types, one of the major problems encountered by biomaterials scientist is difficulty in providing elatic mechanical support during the regeneration of the soft tissue constucts. To solve this problem, a high elastic biodegradable scaffold material is obtained by covalently incorporating pendent cyclic ketals into Polycaprolactone (PCL) chain in this work. The mechanical flexibility of the copolymers was controlled by adjusting the component and the molecular weight of the copolymer, and the obtained flexible copolyesters were used to form nanofibrous scaffolds by electrospinning. Furthermore, the biocompatibility of the obtained nanofibrous was also evaluated by MTT assay using embryo fibroblast (3T3) for the application studies as soft tissue engineering. These studies are important for designing and synthesizing mechanical flexible bioabsorbable polyester. They are also important for biomimetic design soft tissue engineering scaffolds.

To observe the effect of Fangfeng on anti-inflammatory effects in mice. Established the model of mice induced by dextran hypersensitivity, DNCB induced mouse model of delayed type hypersensitivity, were recorded in the number of 30min mice pruritus, weighing and calculation of ear swelling degree, ear pathologic changes were observed. Compared with the model group, the doses of Fangfeng decoction group could significantly reduce the number of pruritus in mice (P<0.01), reducing the mice ears swollen auricular weight value induced by delayed type hypersensitivity with DNCB (P<0.01), can significantly improve the pathological changes of mouse ears skin (P<0.01). Fangfeng decoction external had good effect on mice inflammation.

Antioxidation is an important property for antioxidant. With the rapid development of high performance computation and computational structural biology, in order to easily compare and effectively choose the appropriate antioxidant, a novel and simple discrimination method derived from computational structural biology should be brought out. Therefore, for verifying the application, the antioxidant activity and the solvent-induced antioxidant properties of five drugs containing sulfhydryl groups were systematically investigated by means of quantum chemical calculation, and the theoretical result was also analyzed in details with the corresponding experimental data. Density functional theory (DFT) with the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set was used to study five kinds of antioxidant drugs, including R-tiopronin, S-tiopronin, D-penicillamine, N-acetylcysteine and Cysteine, in polar (water) and non-polar (tetrachloromethane) solvents, respectively. It is interesting that we got a novel conclusion which was different from the previous. Previous reports had inferred that the free radicals reaction (Hydrogen atom transfer, HAT mechanism) occur easily in non-polar solvent and single-electron transfer followed by proton transfer (SET-PT mechanism) in polar solvent. Actually, by analyzing bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE), proton dissociation enthalpy (PDE), bond distance and frontier orbital energy, we found that although the antioxidant properties of drugs partly changed with the solvent environment, the drugs with sulfhydryl groups were more easily prone to occur the free radicals reaction (HAT) than single-electron transfer followed by proton transfer (SET-PT) no matter the solvent is polar or non-polar. This may show the unique properties of sulfhydryl groups. Their antioxidant activity could be ranked from high to low in the following sequence: R-tiopronin > S-tiopronin > D-penicillamine > Cysteine > N-acetylcysteine. Basically, the rank is consistent with experimental result. Bond distance sequence in non-polar solvent of five drugs was partly in accordance with BDE value sequence in non-polar solvent, which means bond distance can be used to identify the antioxidant activity of drugs containing sulfhydryl groups.

The partially crystalized calcium phosphate (PCCP) doped with yttrium was prepared by chemical precipitation method. Then the PCCP doped with yttrium was mixed with dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) at a mass ratio of 1:1 to form yttrium-hydroxyapatite cement (Y-HAC). The results showed that the reaction product of Y-HAC is poorly crystalline hydroxyapatite, indicating that the addition of small amount of yttrium has not changed the hydration reaction of hydroxyapatite cement (HAC). There was no significant difference between compressive strength of Y-HAC and HAC. There have some changes in crystallization morphology of Y-HAC, emerging many long flaked crystals and construct a three-dimensional network structure. The porosity of YHAC was increased compared with that of HAC. The Y-HAC might be a potential bone substitute materials.

Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) is a typical endocrine disruptor, it can significantly damage the reproductive system. A large number of experiments show that the reproductive toxicity might be caused by its metabolites, however, relevant investigation is few. This experiment established Sertoli cells test system to research the real toxic substances when BBP was metabolized to different metabolites by organism. The Sertoli cells were identified with Oil Red O staining, HE staining and immunocytochemical method. MTT assay was used to compare BBP with its metabolites which could inhibit the growth of sertoli cells. The result showed that the ratio of Sertoli cells was more than 80% after separating and purifying. In addition, low dose of BBP (1.0×10^-7, 1.0×10^-5, 1.25× 10^-4mol/L) and low dose of E2 (1.0×10^-10, 1.0×10^-8, 1.0×10^-6mol/L) can lead to sertoli cells proliferation. The metabolites MBuP (1.0×10^-6, 1.0×10^-5, 1.0×10^-4mol/L) and PA (1.0×10^-6, 1.0×10^-5, 1.0×10^-4mol/L) could inhibit the growth of sertoli cell, had dose-dependent effect to a certain degree. Low dose of HA (1.0×10^-6mol/L) could promote the proliferation of sertoli cells, but high dose of HA (1.0×10^-5, 1.0×10^-4mol/L) could inhibit the growth of sertoli cell. Sertoli cells are very important to male reproductive system, they can secrete the necessary cell factors or nutrient substance which may promote the formation of sperms. So the survival rate of sertoli cells can indirectly stand for the toxicity of substances. In conclusion the metabolites of BBP might damage the male reproductive system.

Sedative and hypnotic effects of WU Shen Capsules (WShC) were investigated in this study. 60 Kunming female mice were randomly divided into five groups: control group, diazepam group (3mg/kg • d), low-dose WShC group (L-WShC, 50mg/kg • d), medium-dose WShC group (MWShC, 100mg/kg • d) and high-dose WShC group (H-WShC, 200mg/kg • d), and there were 12 mice in each group. All the mice in the different groups were given the corresponding agents orally and those in the control group was given the same volume of distilled water once a day continuously for 15 days, and the administration volume was 0.2mL/10g. After the last administration, locomotor activities and standing times of mice in all the groups were measured by a multiple functional mice locomotor activities recorder, and the threshold dose pentobarbital sodium-induced sleep experiment was conducted, to examine the sedative and hypnotic effect of Wu Shen Capsules. The results showed that after the administration, the locomotor activity was reduced, the sleep latency was shortened and the sleep duration was prolonged in all the WShC-treated groups, suggesting that Wu Shen Capsules has a significant sedative and hypnotic effect, and can be developed into a safe health functional food with a sleep-promoting function, but its mechanism should be explored by further experiments.

The electrochemical fingerprints of different varieties of Rhizome atractylodis macrocephalae were studied by B–Z oscillation reaction system with propanone as dissipative material. The influences of temperature, stirring rate, hydrogen ion concentration, Rhizome atractylodis macrocephalae dosage, etc, to electrochemical fingerprints of Rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae were investigated. The optimum determining conditions were established with total volume of 100 mL, temperature of 37°C, stirring rate of 400 rpm, hydrogen ion concentration of 1.980 mol·L-1, Rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae dosage of 1.000 g, KBrO₃ concentration of 0.05000 mol·L^-1, MnSO₄ concentration of 0.005600 mol·L^-1 and CH₃COCH₃ of 1.00 mL by comparing difference of the electrochemical fingerprints of Rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae from two choosen regions. The results indicated that the electrochemical fingerprints of Rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae from different origins showed significantly different characteristics.

The objective of this paper is to determine the effect of the compound oviductus ranae oral liquid on the immune functions of mice. In the present study, the immunity effects of the compound oviductus ranae oral liquid were evaluated through organ coefficients, cellular immunity, humoral immunity, mononuclear macrophage phagocytosis, and splenic natural killer (NK) cell activity. The organ coefficients of experiment groups had no statistical difference when compared with that of the negative control groups (P>0.05). In the ConA-induced lymphocyte transformation assay, antibodyforming cells assay and phagocytosis of chicken erythrocytes assay, statistically significant differences were observed between experiment groups and the negative control group (P<0.05). In Delayed-type hypersensitivity, hemolysis assay, carbon clearance assay and NK cell activity study, no statistical difference was observed between low dose group and the negative control group (P>0.05), while statistically significant differences were observed among high dose group, middle dose group and the negative control (P<0.05). In conclusion, compound oviductus ranae oral liquid could enhance cellular immune function, humoral immunity function, mononuclear macrophage phagocytosis and NK cell activity.

Objective: Analysis chemical components in Cycas revolute. Method: The contents and chemical compositions of the fatty acids fom Cycas revoluta have been investigated and determined in this paper. Essential oil was extracted with petroleum ether. Extract oil was determined by GC-MS after the preparation of the methyl esters with BF3-CH3-OH. Result: The experimental results showed that there were 5 components of fatty acids in the oil of Cycas revolute by GC-MS. There are Linolenic acid (18.47%), Oleic acid (12.96%), Linoleic acids (10.9%), Palmitic acid (8.82%) and Octadecanoic acid (7.85%). Conclusion: The results reveal there are some important fatty acids in Cycas revolute and provide theoretical basis for chemical constituent research of Cycas revoluta and future extent research.

The present study is the first investigation of the chemical composition and antimicrobial activitys of Marsdenia griffithii Hook. f. essential oils in China. The major component in essential oil was α-Pinene (17.5%), Linalool (14.1%), limonene (7.8%), dihydrocarveol (6.6%), terpinen-4-ol (3.6%), borneol (3.5%). A total of thirty-five compounds were identified, representing about 92.5% of the studied oil.The essential oil exhibited antibacterial activity against S.albus, B.subtilis, S.aureus, E.coli, S.typhi and P.aeruginosa according to the results of MIC. Among these bacteria, B.subtilis and S.aureus were the most sensitive to the investidgated oil, with the MIC values of 12.5μg/ml and 25μg/ml respectively.

To optimize the extraction and purification process of the total anthocyanin from the purple-fleshed sweet potato(PSP). The orthogonal experimental was design to optimize the extraction and purification process of the PSP. On the basis of single-factor experiments, the orthogonal experimental was design to optimize the extraction process of the PSP. The optimized process: the PSP was extracted by 70% ethanol (pH=4) soulution at 60 °C for 3 times (each time 30 min) under ultrasonic, and the solid-liquid ratio is 1:20. Meanwhile, the most suitable macroporous, Diaion HP 2MGL, for separating and purification anthocyanins was selected. The optimized purification process: flow rate of sample was 1.0 mL/min, the pH value of the sample solution is 4, the eluent was 80% ethanol (pH=3), the flow rate of elution was 0.6 mL/min. The total anthocyanin content can be as high as 9.36% by adopting this technique. This researching result provided a reference bases for the further processing of PSP and at same time, enlarged its application range and increased its practical and additional values.

Objective: To study on the antioxidant activity of Tibetan medicine Meconopsis five veins, screened Antioxidative Constituents of Tibetan medicine Meconopsis in five veins. Methods: using TLC bioautography of different sources of three (Gansu Xiahe County, Qinghai, Tibet Linzhi Daban mountain, control group) preliminary determination of antioxidant effect of total flavone of Meconopsis and alfalfa Meconopsis of oxytocin, and the chromatography fingerprint was initially established in five veins of Tibetan medicine Meconopsis. Using high performance liquid. Results: the antioxidant effects of different sources of Tibetan medicine Meconopsis five pulse is contained in the chemical composition of the antioxidant effect of total flavone of Meconopsis strongest, reveal the total flavonoids of Meconopsis is one of the main effective component of antioxidant three fruit soup powder. Conclusion: the method is accurate, simple and feasible, provided the scientific basis for the exploration of effective components of Tibetan medicine Meconopsis antioxidant five veins.

This study aimed to investigate whether the granisetron patch made in our laboratory could induce skin irritation reactions on rabbits. A self-control method was used in the experiment. The granisetron patch, excipient patch (without medicine) and 10% (w/v) aqueous solution containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were applied on both sides of the abdomen, respectively. At different time points after the removal of the test substances, Draize method and a MPA9 skin tester were respectively applied to measure the extent of erythema and edema of the skin surface to determine the extent of the test substance irritation to the skin of the rabbits. The positive control drug sodium dodecyl sulfate induced a strong irritation to the skin of the rabbits, and both the main drug and accessories in the granisetron patch did not show any irritation to the skin. The granisetron patch made in our laboratory shows a good safety. This study may provide a reliable basis in the safety for the clinical application of granisetron patch.

Araloside A (ARA), the main bioactive component in Aralia taibaiensis, was reported to treat rheumatic arthralgia, injuries from falls, fractures, contusions, hepatitis, sore carbuncle. This study was performed to investigate the effects of ARA on acute gastric ulcer. In this study, the experimental mice were randomly divided into six groups: control, model, omeprazole (20mg/kg/day, orally), ARA (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg, orally). Gastric ulcers were generated in mice by administration of 80% ethanol containing 15mg/mL aspirin (10ml/kg, i.g.) at the 4 hour after drugs on 5^th day. The ulcer index, ulcer inhibition rate, histopathological changes and H⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity were assessed. The computer aided molecular docking simulated the interaction between ARA and H⁺/K⁺-ATPase. The results indicated that ARA significantly ameliorated ulcer index, ulcer inhibitory rate, decreased degree of necrosis and less infiltration of inflammatory cells. The aforementioned effects were associated with attenuating H⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity.

Twenty-eight benzoyl thiourea derivatives with substituents in the 4-position of the benzoyl ring were designed and synthesized by one-pot procedure. The structures of the compounds were characterized by ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR and ESI-MS (or HR-ESI-MS). The toxicity of the compounds against the third-instar larvae of Culex pipiens pallens was assayed. The results showed that most of the target molecules showed obvious larvicidal activities at the concentrations of 10 μg/ml (ranging from 26% to 100%) against the test larvae. Compounds 10a, 10d, 11b, 11g and 13a exhibited valuable larvicidal activities of 100%, 96%, 94%, 90% and 100% respectively at the concentration of 10 μg/ml. 1-(4-Nitrobenzoyl)-3-butylthiourea (10a) showed the highest larvicidal activity with a LC50 of 0.14 μg/ml among the compounds tested.

Chalcone is a kind of flavonoid compound, which the chemical structure can be named of 1,3-diphenylpropenone. In this paper the rapid green manufacturing technique conditions and the better process to extract, isolate and purify Chalcone from Angelica keiskei were discussed. Ethanol - water was used as extracting agent, n-hexane used for removing chlorophyll, macroporous resin chromatography as separation paths, n-hexane: ethyl acetate = 1: 1 used for recrystallizing so as to give the light yellow crystals. Microscope was applied for watching morphology, ultraviolet, infrared, high pressure liquid spectrometry, and mass spectrometry was used to determine their structure. Final results are as follows: solvent ratio of ethanol: water=19:2, at 72°C, refluxing extraction 3h, silica gel column chromatography, n-hexane: ethyl acetate = 1: 1 to recrystallize and high purity crystals obtained.

Objective: To explore the effects of Shuanghuanglian capsule on macrophage phagocytosis, formuation of hemoloysin and and hemolytic plaque and lymphocyte transformation in normal mice. Methods: Normal mice were investigated with Large, medium and small dosage Shuanghuanglian capsule. To observe the effect on macrophage phagocytosis, the formuation of hemoloysin and hemolytic plaque, and lymphocyte transformation .in normal mice. Results: The large dosage Shuanghuanglian capsule group and Yinqiaojiedu tablet group could significantly increase the macrophage phagocytosis of mice abdominal cavity, and significantly increase the phagocytosis percentage and the phagocytic index. The large dosage Shuanghuanglian capsules group could significantly promote the formuation of hemoloysin of normal mice, significantly increase the percentage lymphocyte transformation of normal mice. Conclusions: Shuanghuanglian capsule has good effect of immune excited role in normal mice.

In this paper, a novel analysis method for detecting codeine using a combination of molecular imprinting technology (MIT) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique was established. Since no reports concerning this subject have been published, this innovative study was conducted as a trial. The following conditions were implemented in the synthesis of the imprinting membrane: codeine was used as the template molecule, methacrylic acid (MAA) was used as the functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethyl acrylic ester (EGDMA) was used as the cross-linking agent, azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) was used as the initiating agent, and acetonitrile was used as the solvent. The effective ratio of the template, monomer, and cross-linking agent was equal to codeine: MAA: EGDMA=1:4:8. A complete, homogenous, and stable codeine molecular imprinting polymer membrane was successfully prepared on the surface of the golden chips after a 12-hour reaction time at a 65°C controlling temperature. Moreover, the results of the absorption elution test conducted on the codeine molecular imprinting polymer membrane suggested that the absorption concentration was linear with a regression equation equal to y=-0.315x+3.455 (R2=0.9878) and a resonance angle within 10^-15~10^-8 mol/L. According to these results, the attenuated codeine concentration could be deduced and applied in the quantitative determination of codeine.

BACKGROUND: The desolventizing of residual solvents from heat-sensitive drugs is an important process in the pharmaceutical industry. The traditional desolventizing methods can't conform to the residual solvents requirements of heat-sensitive drugs. A fast and effective method of desolventizing from heat-sensitive drugs is urgently needed. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the more favorable desolventizing method for the heat-sensitive drugs. METHODS: the desolventizing from Temsirolimus and Everolimus using high-pressure CO2 were performed at 263 K and 25 MPa for 3 hours. The content of residual solvents were determined by GC and GC-FID. RESULTS: And the contents of ethanol, acetone and acetonitrile in Temsirolimus decreased from 0.965 % to 0.01 %, 1.007 % to 0.157 %, 0.034 % to that below the limit of detection (LOD), the contents of ethanol and acetone in Everolimus decreased from 0.176 % and 0.405 % to those below LOD. All of the final contents of the residual solvents were much less than the requirement of Guideline for Residual Solvents (Q3C). CONCLUSIONS: The results prove that the high-pressure CO2 method is a rapid and efficient desolventizing method. The research could be of great theoretical guidance and reference value for the desolventizing of other heat-sensitive drugs and practical applications in the pharmaceutical industry.

Studies the chemical constituents of Abelmoschus esculentus fruit, and its antifungal and cytotoxic activities. Method: to adopt the column chromatography with Diaion HP-20, Toyopearl HW-40, MCI-Gel CHP-20, Sephadex LH-20, RP18 and silica gel to separate and purify the chemical constituents contained in Abelmoschus esculentus fruit, according to the physicochemical property and the spectrum technology (¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, MS, etc.) to determine the structure of its compounds and determine the antifungal activity of the extracts in different parts and some monomer compounds by the slanting test-tube method; to determine the cytotoxic activity of the extracts in different parts and some monomer compounds by the fatal-to-prawn bioactivity experiment. The results show that monomer compounds are obtained from Abelmoschus esculentus fruit of which the extracts from the water part and the monomer compounds 1-4 all have some antifungal and cytotoxic activities. The compounds 2, 4, 5, and 10 are first obtained from this plant by separation, and this show that the fruit of the Abelmoschus esculentus fruit contain some effective bioactivity constituents.

To establish a method to determine the content of notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Rb1 in Panax notoginseng tablets by ultra-performance liquid chromatography(UPLC) is the objective of this study. ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.8μm) column was used with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile (A)-water(B) by gradient elution[acetonitrile-water volume ratio, 0~5 min, 20:80~40:60; 5~7 min, 40:60~20:80; 7~10 min, 20:80] at a flow rate of 0.3 mL·min^-1 and a column temperature of 30μC, the wavelength of detector was 203nm, the injection volume was 2μL. Notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Rb1 showed good linearity within the range of 0.03000~0.30000, 0.12009~1.20090, 0.11997~1.19970 μg, respectively. The average recoveries were 98.28%, 99.60% and 102.02%(n=6) with RSD of 1.46%, 1.80% and 1.88%, respectively. Three batches of Panax notoginseng tablets' contents were complied with the Ch. P. 2010. Compared with HPLC, UPLC is more convenient, efficient, accurate and excellent repeatability, the established method can be used for quality control of Panax notoginseng tablets.

In this study, antibacterial properties of Scutellariae Radix against E.coli and Salmonella in vitro were investigated. Initial screening showed that Scutellariae Radix ethanol extract inhibited the growth of the two bacteria, and the ethyl acetate fraction was found to be the most active fraction of the crude extract. Four major compounds were identified from the ethyl acetate fraction by UPLCMS/ MS, namely baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein and wogonin. Of these four compounds, baicalein showed the greatest antibacterial activities against both E.coli and Salmonella. Time kill assay suggested that baicalein killed the two bacteria in a relatively fast rate. Further investigation of the potential mechanisms indicated that baicalein significantly altered the integrity of cell membrane, resulting in the loss of the barrier function and leakage of the nucleotide. The morphological changes of the two bacteria treated with baicalein were also observed by scanning electron micrographs.

Taurine is one kind of amino acid with many physiological, nutritional and pharmacological effects, for example, strengthening the nerve regulation function; regulation of calcium homeostasis; strengthening immune function; anti-oxidant function, etc. The purpose of this research lies in carrying on researching and exploring taurine's result of dispelling the free radical, resisting the fatigue in the sport body, aim at putting forward some reference for the development and exploration of taurine in the fields of sports food and sports beverage. From the morphological changes of tissue structure of view, supplement taurine can protect training mice liver. Reduce training mice liver oxidative damage degree, the maintenance of structural integrity training mice liver and internal organelles and normal physiological function, delay the occurrence of exercise fatigue. SEM photos can be observed, and the quiet control group, sport compared to control group, exercise and medication group in endurance trained mice liver tissue, liver cell swelling of the light, glycogen, very light swelling of mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and multi. The one hand indicates that taurine has a good protective effect on endurance swimming training of mouse liver cells, on the other hand that taurine can enhance the glucose metabolism in exercise and medication group mouse adjustment ability, promote the synthesis of glycogen, provide enough energy for the endurance swimming training.

In this study, polysaccharides Cirsium japonicum DC (CJP) were extracted using both cold and hot water. CJP was then purified by ion exchange resin and chromatography. Results showed that it contained 9.64% of uronic acid and 2.64% of protein. Structural analysis indicated that CJP contained several polysaccharides with different molecular weight of 74.1 kD, 47.0 kD, 5.2 kD and 3.0 kD respectively. Furthermore, HPLC analysis showed that CJP was mainly composed of the following eight monosaccharides: Man (5.50%), Rha (6.73%), GlcA (1.14%), GalA (7.57%), Glc (21.00%), Gal (25.32%), Xyl (3.98%), and Ara (28.75%). Moreover, luciferase report gene assay demonstrated that CJP promoted the activation of both p53 and Rb, two genes playing important role in the development of tumor, indicating a potential antitumor activity for CJP.

To establish a rapid analytical method for wogonin in Radix Scutellariae by near-infrared spectroscopy technology (NIRS). We adopted the method of Partial Least Square (PLS). The spectrum was pretreatment by using Second Derivative and multiplicative scatter correction (MSC). The most suitable wave band and the main factor were selected to establish model. The correlation coefficient of calibration(R²) was 0.9512; the root-mean-square error of calibration (RMSEC) was 0.0336. The measuring value by NIRS was close to reference value. The establishment of the model was appropriate.

A new approach of one-step synthesis of highly complex compound 6-Methyl-bis[1]benzothieno [3,2-b:2',3'-e] pyridine was reported. The reaction of 2,2'-dithiodibenzoic acid, sodium azide, and 4-cyanopyridine in a water and ethanol mixture afforded the title compound.

Objective: To observe the influence of Radix rehmaniae powder on the ethology and the content of monoamine neurotransmitter in brain of rats with chronic stress induced depression, and inquire about the anti-depressive mechanism of Radix rehmaniae powder; Methods: the rats were divided into six groups, one group was the control group, the other five groups was for the establishment of chronic stress induced depression model of rats and was divided into the model group, the positive control group, the groups treated with large, medium or small dose of Radix rehmaniae powder suspension. The sucrose intake test, open field method test, plasma MDA level and erythrocyte SOD activity and monoamine neurotransmitters (5-HT, NE and DA content in brain homogenates was determined respectively. Results: the sucrose consumption in the model group rats decreased significantly (P < 0.01) comparing with the control groups, which indicated the successful establishment of chronic stress depression rats model; the horizontal movement score within 3 minutes of the model group rats was improved (P<0.05) after the treatment with small dose of Radix rehmaniae powder suspension; And the treatment with large or small doses of Radix rehmaniae powder suspension could significantly increased the vertical motion score within 3 minutes (P < 0.01), while the medium dose also could increase the vertical motion score within 3 minutes; And the SOD activity of red cells was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in model rats treated with high dose of Radix rehmaniae powder suspension; Moreover, the large and small dose of Radix rehmaniae powder suspension can significantly reduce the plasma MDA level in model rats (P < 0.01); And the large and small doses of Radix rehmaniae powder suspension could significantly increase the contents of NE, 5--HT and DA in brain tissue of model rats (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Radix rehmaniae powder can function as the regulator of monoamine neurotransmitters level, and have good antidepressant effect.

Azedarach Fructus and Toosendan Fructus are the dried ripe fruits of the genus Melai azedarach L. and Melia toosendan Sieb.et zucc. They are planted all over the country, widely distributed.[1-2] “Shennong bencaojing” contains Melia, “herbal” called it Melia Toosendan. Su Song said: “The best Melia Fructus is come from Sichuan.”[3-4] According to the ancients description, there is no difference between two fruits, both with the functions of comforting liver, smoothing meridians, acesodyne, anthelmintic. Modern researches more inclined to the research of Toosendan Fructus. Azedarach Fructus mainly are in the aspect of pharmacological experiments, for example, Azedarach Fructus is more poisonous than the other one[5]. The alcohol extracts of Azedarach Fructus have obvious inhibition to some common pathogenic fungi in vitro, and the effects of anti-virus, antifertility and anti-tumo[6]. There was the pharmacognostic identification report of Azedarach Fructus in 1990s[8], but the cells characteristics are too different from the manual drawing, and we still have not got qualitative and quantitative analysis reports of it. Therefore, in the view of the phenomenon of the mix or misuse between Azedarach Fructus and Toosendan Fructus in the current market, this study compare the medicinal morphological, microscopic characteristics, TLC of two medicinal herbs, and the toosendanin content was determined by RP-HPLC. There are some differences between the two kinds of medicinal herbs in morphological identification and microscopic characteristics. In TCL, with chloroform-methanol (16:2) as developer, Azedarach Fructus has one more component, but with chloroform-methanol-formic acid (16:1:1) as developer, both is completely the same. The RP-HPLC determination of toosendanin content indicates that Toosendan Fructus pheromones is higher than the Azedarach Fructus's. The study intends to distinguish them by a distinctive feature with simple operations.

The purpose of this study was to optimize the preparation technology of microcapsule containing the total lignans from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill (Schisandra total lignanoids). Schisandra total lignanoids microcapsule was prepared with complex coacervation, the preparation technology of the microcapsule was optimazed by the orthogonal design, and the yield, encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of the microcapsule were observed. The entrapment rate and drug-loading rate were also evaluated. Results: The optimal preparation technology of Schisandra total lignanoids microcapsule was as follows: the microcapsule core-wall ratio was 1:1, the reaction system pH value was 4.0, the temperature was 50 °C and the stirring speed was 300r/min. The yield and encapsulation efficiency of Schisandra total lignanoids microcapsule prepared with this optimal preparation technology were highest and the drug loading was also highest. Conclusion The preparation technology was simple and stable, and should be suitable for the preparation of Schisandra total lignanoids microcapsule.

To optimize the extraction and purification process and content of the total anthocyanin from the Myrica rubra pomace. The orthogonal experimental was designed to optimize the extraction and purification process of the Myrica rubra. We also adopted the absorption-elution technique of the macroporous resins to optimize the enrichment-purification process of the anthocyanin in Myrica rubra. The conditions of the optimum extracting process is: A₃B₂C₁D₁, that is, the ethanol concentration should be 50%, the extracting solution pH=3, the ratio of material to solution is 1:1.5, the extracting time is 1.5 h. The optimized enrichment-purification process is: use Diaion HP2 MGL as the padings of the macroporous resin column chromatography; the concentration of the eluent is 60%, the eluting speed is 0.6 mL·min-1; the decompressing condensing temperature is 60°C. The content of the total anthocyanin in the Myrica rubra pomace can reach as high as 22.07% by adopting this kind of processing technique. This research provided the reference bases for the deepprocessing of Myrica rubra, enlarged its application range and increased its additional value.

Rehmannia root is a well-known herbal medicine used for more than 2000 years in China. According to the traditional experiences, the dried and steamed rehmannia roots (DRR and SRR) are significantly different in their functions and indications. However, the rationality of the steam processing has not been well documented up to now. In this work, the traditional methods of root drying and steaming were simulated, and the cardioactive effects of the samples steamed for different times (0-48 h) were evaluated on isolated toad and rat hearts. The results indicated that DRR had significantly negative inotropic and chronotropic activities, and the effects were substantially reinforced by steam processing. The products of Maillard reaction may be the primary active components targeting Ca²⁺ channel.

Some pests and diseases affecting purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.) in China are reported in this study. The cases were observed in Xiaogan city of Hubei province and Guangzhou city of Guangdong province from September 2009 to June 2015. The effects of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), Lepidoptera larvae, red spider (mite), snail, and other pollinating pests are described. Diseases such as root rot and leaf spot were also detected.

The objective of the following study is to study the chemical constituents of Berchemia lineata and their activitivies. In our investigation, 16 compounds were isolated and purified by gel column chromatography and reverse-phase silica gel and ODS column chromatography as well as preprative HPLC. The above compounds were identified as: quercetin (1), kaempferol (2), isorhamnetin (3), emodin (4), chrysophanol (5), physcion (6), fernenol (7), emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside (8), emodin-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (9), quercetin 3-O-α-L-arabinofuranoside (10), kaempferol 3-O-α-L arabinofuranoside (11), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (12), quercitrin (13), isorhamnetin 3-O-β-Dglucoside (14), narcissin (15), kaempferol 3-O-β-D-(6-O-trans-p-hydroxycinnamyl) glucoside (16). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analyses and chemical methods. Compounds 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16 are isolated from this plant for the first time. Accoding to the inhibitory activities on xanthine oxidase (XOD) and lipoxygenase (LOX), the IC50 values of XOD inhibitory activity of compound 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 were15, 84, 47, 45, 53.6 μM, respectively. The IC50 values of LOX inhibitory activity of compound 1, 5, 6 were 37, 100, 177 μM, respectively. Thus, B. Lineata could protect against free radical-mediated damage and anti-inflammation.

Peanut meal protein (PMP) was sonicated before or during hydrolysis with Alcalase or Flavourzyme or both. The effect of sonication on hydrolysis of PMP and characteristics of the hydrolysates were investigated. Ultrasonic pretreatment increased the degree of hydrolysis (DH) by 21.25 % and 21.77 % for Alcalase and Flavourzyme, respectively. Sonication pretreatment increased the reducing power of Flavourzyme hydrolysates by 34.38 %, while hydrolysis under sonication had the highest reducing power (OD700nm 0.83) for Alcalase hydrolysates. Analysis of molecular weight distribution and amino acid composition showed that sonication pretreatment led to the higher percentage of < 1 kDa and < 500 protein fraction and a rise in total Pro, Arg, Glu, Cys, Met and His content for Alcalase hydrolysates. The results indicated for the first time that the sonication could increase the antioxidant activity of the peanut meal protein hydrolysates, and their effects on the antioxidant activity depend on the enzymes used.

Molecular modeling on solvation effect and interaction mechanism of the water molecules at the active site affect significantly on the interaction between protein and ligand. Detailed influence of the water molecules at the active site for human serum albumin (HSA) on its paclitaxel complex as well as their interaction is essential for clinical studies. To clarify the interaction mechanism of the water molecules in bimolecular system, both crystal-HSA and solvated-HSA were performed molecular docking with paclitaxel in present work. According to the MD results of solvated-HSA-paclitaxel, six intermolecular H-bonds have formed at the binding site, two of which linking with the water molecules. It proves that the water molecules at the binding site have affected the proteinligand interaction distinctly. The MD results for the two complexes also suggest that the solvated protein model will lead to a rather different binding complex.

A total of 200 chicks were randomly assigned to one control group and three experiment groups (50 chicks per group), the control group was fed maize-soybean meal basal diet, the experimental groups were fed maize-soybean meal basal diet and basal diet supplemented with 2 g/kg of composite probiotic microecology additives. Results showed that three experiment groups increased (p<0.05) weekly weight gain and decreased feed intake of chicks (p<0.05). Spleen, bursa, thymus index and total protein values were significantly increased (p<0.05) by the dietary inclusion of the additives when compared to the control group, ANAE positive cells rate and erythrocyte C3b receptor rosette rate differed (p<0.05) from the control group significantly. Overall, daily feed for chicks added with composite probiotic microecology additives can increase growth performance, enhance immunity, increase feed efficiency and promote growth.

As the nutritional supplements and energy substances of human body, L-tryptophan is widely used. To optimize the proliferation conditions of L-tryptophan produced recombinant Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) / pET-28b-aroGM175, plasmid preservation rate and density of recombinant strain as reference we examined three important fermentation parameters (PH value, temperature and liquid volume) in this experiment. And the study found that the optimal proliferation temperature of Ltryptophan produced recombinant strain Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) / pET-28b-aroGM175 was 30°C, initial pH value was 6.5 and loading volume was 200 mL medium of 1000 mL bottles. Thus this study provided a scientific basis for large-scale fermentation productions of L-tryptophan using of genetic engineering strain.

The concentrations of 9 mineral elements in grass powder and grains of 193 barley recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and their parents, which were determined by ICP-AES technique, the results are as follows: The concentrations of 8 mineral elements in barley grass powder is 1.4~22.9 times than that of barley grains, thereinto higher concentrations (mg·kg^-1) elements relating to the human health for K(31859.3), Ca(6790.2), Mg(2471.1), Fe(241.3) and Zn(56.8); Mn and Na elements concentration in grains for hulled barley is significantly higher than that of unhulled barley, but Zn for unhulled barley on the contrary. There are significant correlation of 33 pairs in grains and 20 pairs in grass powder of 36 pairs consisting 9 elements. The correlation coefficient up to 0.803**~0.908** among Ca, Mg and Fe concentrations in grains, but also Ca and Mg concentrations in grass powder are significantly correlated with that of 5 elements concentrations. It is higher for K, Ca, Mg and Fe in grain when higher P, Fe, K concentrations in grass powder, but reduce P and Mn concentrations in grain when higher Ca and Mg concentrations in grass powder. The element concentration of RILs has significant heterobeltiosis. It will be selected the functional barley with high Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn that is closely related to human health. The above results provided reliable data and theoretical basis for functional food especially barley grass powder with efficacy significantly for the prevention of chronic disease of human being.

Objective: To understand the current state of the life events of community residents in Wuhan City. Methods: We investigated the 1167 community residents in Wuhan as sample. They were tested with Life Event Scale. Results: The education degrees, marital status, bad incidents of family-related, bad incidents of work and study, bad incidents of sociality problems have significant effect on the psychological health There were different psychological problems in age, sex, marital status, education degrees. Conclusion: The life events as stressors produce different psychological influence to the community residents of different groups. It is suggested to take appropriate measures to reduce effects of psychosocial risk factors of life events according to the characteristics of community residents and promote their psychological health.

Today, the haze pollution is persistent and serious, new scientific and technological achievements are applied blindly, thus the safety of food is badly affected in the process of planting, breeding, processing, packaging, storage, transportation, sales, and consumption. More over, “black commodituies” made by criminals have ordinary people go pale when they are talking about food. So how can make people drink and eat safely? In addition to reducing pollution, using biological pesticide and fertilizer, using green food additives and applying iron penalties for criminals of fake and shoddy food manufacturing, people in the whole world should work hard together, though mutual supervision, ready to fight a lasting battle, in order to create a good natural and social environment, let all the people live a healthy and happy life.

In this study, the purification and physicochemical characteristics of bacteriocin LF1, produced by Lactobacillus plantarum isolated from dry-fermented croaker in Fujian province, was systematically studied. Inhibitory activity of plantaricin LF1 was analyzed by the well-diffusion method. The bacteriocin was extracted from the culture and purified by pH mediated cell adsorption-desorption method and SP Sepharose Fast Flow cation-exchange chromatography. The purification efficiency of bacteriocin was detected by Tricine-SDS-PAGE. Our reuslts suggested that plantaricin LF1 was sensitive to proteolytic enzymes such as trypsin, proteinase K, and pronase E. Plantaricin LF1 was stable up to 100 °C (30 min). Antibacterial activity still remained at pH from 2.0 to 10.0. Besides, it also exhibited the inhibition against gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria. So, we concluded plantaricin LF1 had the potential prospect of application in the field of food preservation.

In this study, the bacteriostasis characteristics of plantaricin produced by Lactobacillus plantarum LH9 isolated from ham products were studied. Our results showed the maximum antibacterial activity of plantaricin LH9 is 5120AU at stationary phase (pH3.98) and the best harvesting time is 18h. Plantaricin LH9 exhibited strong inhibition against L. monocytogenes 54003 and the mode of action was bactericidal. Besides, it covered broad antimicrobial spectrum including gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and gram-negative bacteria, such as Shigella. The bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus plantarum strain LH9 did not adhere to the surface of the producer cells.

In this work, to optimize bacteriocin production produced by Lactobacillus plantarum LF1, orthogonal experiments were conducted. The culture conditions and medium components were examined. Results indicated that the best conditions for maximal bacteriocin activity (4666.67 AU/ml) were shown with temperatures 37 °C, incubation time 16 h, broth pH 6.5 and L. plantarum LF1 inoculum size 2%. The optimum broth component was glucose 3%, tryptone 2%, soy peptone 2.5%, beef extract 1.5%, peptone 1%, and yeast extract 0.5%. Under these conditions, bacteriocin production by L. plantarum LF1 reached 5120 AU/ml, which is about 1.2 times than control.

Calcium is essential for living organisms. To optimize chelation rate of the soluble complexes formed during calcium binding by soybean protein hydrolysates, four important parameters (pH value, temperature, time and mass ratio) were examined in this experiment. According to one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) and response surface experiment, the optimum preparation conditions of soybean protein hydrolyzates product chelating with calcium were obtained as follows: soybean protein hydrolyzates / calcium mass ratio of 1:1.77, pH value 9, temperature 45 °C, reaction time 40 min. Under these conditions, the chelation rate was up to 95.34 ± 0.07 %. Thus, a scientific basis was provided for soluble complexes formed during calcium binding by soybean protein hydrolysates.

Three flavonoids compounds, 5,6,7,8,3',4'-hexamethoxyflavone (1), 5,6,7,8,4-pentamethoxyflavone (2),7,3'-dihydroisoflavones (3) were isolated from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Cycas revoluta for the first time, and their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic methods. The presences of these compounds (1-3) might be employed as the characteristic constituents of Cycas revojuta family.

Aerobics or fitness aerobics is a style of physical exercise that combines rhythmic aerobic exercise with stretching and strength training routines with the goal of improving all elements of fitness, such as flexibility, coordination, balance, muscular strength, and cardio-vascular fitness. It is usually performed to the background music and may be practiced in a group setting led by an instructor or fitness professional, although it can be done solo and without musical accompaniment. Aerobic gymnastics or competitive aerobics is known as sport aerobics or competitive aerobics, is another type of aerobics involving complicated choreography, rhythmic. Those two kinds of aerobics have different training intensity and exercise load, hence, there are different features of material and energy metabolism. In this paper, it was investigated on the features of energy metabolism and the projects of nutrition supplement of the different types of aerobics, so as to give an exercise guideline for the trainers to proper training and nutrition supplement.

The activated Sephadex G-25 polymerbeads were binded with hemin to prepare an immobilized hemin affinity chromatography column, which was used to capture the antioxidative polypeptides from ginkgo and soybean. Those proteins obtained from this columne were demonstrated to possess high antioxidative activity. Antioxidative activity of crude proteins of ginkgo was 7.72% and two polypeptides of them were obtained with antioxidative activity of 18.45% by using this column. In soybean, several polypeptides with antioxidative activity 28.72% were obtained after purification from the crude proteins with antioxidative activity 10.52%. This study offered a novel, rapid and effective method for preparation of antioxidative polypeptides from ginkgo and soybean.

Sturgeon cartilage from Siberian was experimented as raw material and the purification and antioxidant ability of chondroitin sulfate were studied in this paper. The best condition of purification and separation was determined. The chondroitin sulfate was obtained by Ion-exchange Column of DEAE - Sepharose FF and final purification of chondroitin sulfate was obtained. Three products marked as CS-1, CS-2 and CS-3 were obtained according to the chromatographic peak and the white purifications were the same as the standard substances; Furthermore, the antioxidant ability of chondroitin sulfate was determined by using the method of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay, hydroxyl radical (OH.) scavenging capacity assay and the reducing power assay. The results showed that the DPPH scavenging ability, OH. Scavenging ability and the reducing power of the chondroitin sulfate were well correlated with its increasing concentrations.

In order to reduce the physical and psychological harm to elder people caused by fall and provide timely assists when fall occurs, a fall detection method using Kinect camera is proposed in this paper. Using the depth information supplied by Kinect camera, we extract depth image of human figure and transfer 3D coordinates to 2D coordinates to simplify algorithm. Then random decision trees are used to extract head and hip joints. The detection of fall states is determined by Support Vector Machine (SVM) with the difference of 3D trajectory of head and hip joints as the input, which can offer more accurate judgment than a single threshold method. The experimental results suggest that the proposed method can check different kinds of fall states as well as non-fall states accurately in real-time, which reach a high standard of robustness to accomplish the fall detection.

Sports bra has been invented for the past two decades. During these years numerous researches have been conducted on every aspect of sports bra. The scope is from the breast movement to all kinds of materials, different patterns and evaluation of wearing comfort of sports bra. This article reviews current research on the sports bra materials. After the brief introduction on the thermal-wet comfort of sports bra, an experiment of 8 samples is conducted to evaluate their thermal-wet comfort. The female subjects are asked to wear the sports bra made of these 8 samples. They are asked to evaluate the seven properties when they are on a rest, walk on the treadmill in 10 minutes, 20 minutes and 30 minutes. The result shows the exercise intensity affects the thermal-wet comfort of the sports bra material. The thermal-wet comfort changes greatly during 20 minutes to 30 minutes.

Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) associations are important elements of forest biomes, connecting and transferring nutrients through an intricate and complex system of hyphal networks, ensuring plants of the nutrients they require, in nutrient poor soil. ECM research and particularly investigations into the diversity of the fungal partners has not received much attention in China, hindering the advance of research in this field. This has been attributed to the difficulty of identifying the mycobionts involved in the symbiosis. The objectives of this study were to determine whether fertilization treatments within the study sites were responsible for differences in fungal species community structure. No evidence of a change in species diversity or shift in species composition was encountered. It is envisaged that these comprehensive ECM descriptions will be used as reference material to stimulate continued research in this field in China.

Objective: To ascertain the knowledge and behaviors of parents about complementary feeding for infants in Fengman District of Jilin and to know where and how parents acquire the knowledge about complementary feeding, so as to provide reliable evidence for strengthening infant nutrition and feeding. Methods: A self-design questionnaire survey was carried out in 132 parents on infant feeding and knowledge about complementary feeding when the parents took their babies aged 6~12 months to maternal and child care service center in Fengman District from may to July 2014. Results: The survey indicated that there were 81.69% infants with fruits or vegetables, 83.24% with grain food, and 86.52% with egg and meat. With the increase of infant age, the rate of complementary feeding increase. By the age of 12 month, all kinds of complementary food had almost been added. Parents acquired knowledge on complementary feeding mainly from child health care professionals. Conclusion: Most of parents can feed their infants scientifically according to feeding principle, but there are some parents with unreasonable feeding, the acquiring rate of complementary feeding knowledge from child health care professionals is less than 90%. Therefore, child health care professionals should continue strengthening propaganda and guidance on complementary feeding, so that infant nutrition and the quality of reasonable feeding can be improved.

Tea yields in the southwest China are often reduced by the presence of mosses and lichens on tea tree (Camellia sinensis). This study was conducted to determine whether the application of sodium turpentine fungicides (STF) is an economically optimal management strategy. In a pilot experiment, three concentration gradients of STF were used and the amount of solution was 1.05t/ha for each gradient sprayed on tea tree to control mosses and lichens in the field, the area was 360 m² and was divided 9 plots (40 m² for each plot). Then the STF concentration that had moderate control effect was applied for expansion tests, 5.9ha tea plantations were sprayed STF, and the mosses and lichens were investigated of 600 m² among them. The results showed that the effects of fungicide treatment on tea tree varieties with differing doses levels were investigated. When the STF concentrations were 1.143%, 0.857%, 0.714%, the controlling effects were 98.72%, 91.83% and 83.61% respectively. STF applied by spray method is a good measure in controlling mosses and lichens in tea plantations. Using the concentration of STF 0.857% to conduct field expanding test resulted in a 0.9ton/ha yield increment and kept a 2834.7±1183.0 yuan/ha growth in economic incomes. Moreover, tea leaves and buds were not affected at all and tea trees were able to maintain normal growth and development. The control of mosses and lichens of tee trees could ensure a significant increase in regional tea production.