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Efficient Near-IR Sensitization of Nanocrystalline TiO₂ Films by Zinc and Aluminum Phthalocyanines

MD. K. NAZEERUDDIN

Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

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R. HUMPHRY-BAKER

Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

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Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

Corresponding author: Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.

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Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Bremen, Department of Biology/Chemistry, PO Box 330 440, D-28334 Bremen, Germany

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Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Bremen, Department of Biology/Chemistry, PO Box 330 440, D-28334 Bremen, Germany

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Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Bremen, Department of Biology/Chemistry, PO Box 330 440, D-28334 Bremen, Germany

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Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Bremen, Department of Biology/Chemistry, PO Box 330 440, D-28334 Bremen, Germany

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Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Bremen, Department of Biology/Chemistry, PO Box 330 440, D-28334 Bremen, Germany

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https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1409(199903)3:3<230::AID-JPP127>3.0.CO;2-LCited by:188 (Source: Crossref)

Abstract

Several zinc(II) and aluminum(III) phthalocyanines substituted by carboxylic acid and sulfonic acid groups were anchored to nanocrystalline TiO₂ films. By irradiation with visible light the photovoltaic behavior of the electrodes containing LiI/LiI₃/propylene carbonate electrolyte was measured. Most efficient results were found using zinc(II) 2,9,16,23-tetracarboxyphthalocyanine, with a current conversion efficiency at 700 nm approaching 45%. It is shown that electron injection into TiO₂ occurs from the excited singlet state of the phthalocyanine derivatives. High stability of the cell performance under continuous irradiation was found.

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Journal cover image

Vol. 03, No. 03

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History

Received 24 February 1998

Accepted 29 June 1998

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