Narrow Results

We studied the effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica (AIE) on the microanatomy of the kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Thirty male Wistar rats (161–190 g) were randomly assigned to one of five treatment groups of six animals each: control, diabetic, diabetic + AIE, diabetic + metformin, AIE only. Diabetes was induced with a single intraperitoneal dose of streptozotocin (70 mg/kg body weight). AIE and metformin were administered orally for 50 days (50 d) at 500 mg/kg bw/d and 350 mg/kg bw/d, respectively. Blood glucose was estimated by glucose oxidase method; plasma urea and creatinine were assayed; and paraffin sections of the kidney were stained by periodic acid-Schiff technique. Untreated diabetic rats exhibited marked hyperglycemia. Renal histopathology of these animals showed features of diabetic nephropathy, with nodular glomerulosclerosis and vacuolation of proximal tubule cells (Armanni-Ebstein phenomenon). These feature were absent in the diabetic rats treated with AIE. Besides, plasma urea and creatinine were not significantly different from the control in this group (p > 0.05), in contrast to the untreated diabetic rats, where significant increases in these markers (p < 0.05). These findings showed that the leaf extract of Azadirachta indica ameliorates hyperglycemia and diabetic nephropathy in rats.

Co/Ni/Zn triple doped $\alpha$-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized via polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/Azadirachta indica (A. Indica) leaf extract coating. XRD, UV–Vis, SEM, TEM, EDS, Raman spectroscopy, FTIR, VSM were used to characterize the synthesized NPs. XRD pattern revealed that the crystallite size of NPs ranges from 14nm to 21nm. Spherical NPs were found by SEM/TEM examination ranging from 16nm to 26nm of doped $\alpha$-Fe₂O₃ NPs. Analysis of the magnetic properties of $\alpha$-Fe₂O₃ NPs revealed antiferromagnetic characteristics, convergence between magnetization curves (MS), and switching field distribution dM/dh below an irreversible temperature of $\mathrm{\text{Tirr}}=300$K. Produced catalyst was used for the degradation of anionic azo dye Malachite green (MG) and Rhodamine blue (RhB) dyes under the influence of UV radiation. RhB and MG were reduced as a result of the doped $\alpha$-Fe₂O₃ catalyzing the conversion of dissolved O₂ to hydroxyl radicals (OH) when exposed to visible light. This shows that the main active radical specifically engaged in the photo-catalytic breakdown of dyes is OH. The most effective photo-catalyst was determined by investigating the proposed doped $\alpha$-Fe₂O₃ NPs reusability over three cycles. The catalyst was retrieved and utilized three times after the reaction without suffering a substantial loss of catalytic activity. The plant-mediated $\alpha$-Fe₂O₃ NPs have significant antioxidant activity due to their higher phenolic content. These have a promising future with potential applications in health, aging, food preservation, cosmetics, agriculture and environmental protection.

Periodontal disease is an oral disease that has a high incidence worldwide, and it is considered the leading cause of tooth loss in adults. This condition is characterized by an infectious disease, painless and slowly progressive, being one of the main etiological agents Porphyrormonas gingivalis bacteria. This article analyzes the antibacterial activity of methanol extracts in different parts of the plant Azadirachta indica (A. Juss) planted in the northeastern region of Mexico, and currently used empirically in the development of toothpastes used in the people of this region. In some of the extracts tested were more active on P.gingivalis leaf, it shows more inhibition hales that tell us that the extracts of Neem afected the bacterial activiy. The data obtained from this analysis will be crucial to assess the feasibility and safety of its therapeutic use in humans.