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Green bonds are financial assets similar to classic debt securities used to finance sustainable investments. Given this, they are a long-term investment alternative that effectively contributes to the planet’s future by preserving the environment and encouraging sustainable development. This research encompasses a rich dataset of equity and bond sectors, general indices, and the S&P Green Bond Index. We estimate the permutation entropy $H_s$, an appropriate statistical complexity measure $C_s$, and Fisher Information measure $F_s$. Therefore, we employ these complexity measures to construct two 2D maps, the complexity-entropy causality plane ($H_s$ ×$C_s$) and the Shannon–Fisher causality plane ($H_s$ ×$F_s$). Also, we use the information theory quantifiers to rank these indices’ efficiency analogous to the complexity hierarchy. From a mathematical point of view, the complexity-entropy causality plane (CECP) is a map that considers the global analysis, while the SFCP is a map that simultaneously feels the global and local analysis. Our findings reveal that both 2D maps indicated the most efficient (b_info_tech) and least efficient (b_energy) assets. There are peculiarities in the ranking performed considering the information theory quantifiers used to build each map due to the mathematical distinction that underlies the construction of each map. Moreover, we applied two clustering approaches ($K$-means and Hierarchical cluster) that categorically converged in the indication of four distinct groups, which allowed us to verify that, in an overview, equities present a unique dynamic when compared to bonds and the Green bond index.

This paper evaluates the role of fair value accounting in recent financial crisis, and examines whether the call for its demise is justified. Critics argue that fair accounting regulation added to the volatility in financial markets and aggravated financial crisis. On the other hand, supporters of this regulation argue that fair value accounting has been the victim of the recent financial crisis. They believe that this regulation is important for providing transparent, reliable, and accurate information on asset values to investors.

After evaluating the impact of fair value accounting regulation on financial crisis, we examine negative and positive aspects of this regulation. Our discussion shows that fair value accounting provides useful information during stable market conditions, but its usefulness may become questionable during unstable and volatile financial markets. Overall, this regulation has the support of financial professional bodies. Some professionals are, however, concerned about recent modification to the fair value accounting rule, i.e., FAS 157-4, because this modification may not enhance reliability and accuracy of financial information. Despite recent modification, discussion on fair value accounting is far from over. Critics of the regulation still believe that this regulation should be eliminated, but the positive aspects of this regulation support its continuation.

This paper uses samples of household data from Chinese Family Panel Studies (CFPS) and Eurosystem Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS) to estimate the consumption effects of both housing and financial assets. Our results show that components of household wealth have different impacts on consumption. The estimated housing asset elasticity of consumption is larger than financial asset elasticity of consumption both in China and Euro countries. By analyzing the wealth effect of housing in different age groups, we found that the wealth effect of housing and financial assets on consumption is larger for elderly families than for younger families in the Eurozone, but opposite result is obtained in China.

Since the 2015 Paris Agreement, SDG 13 for climate action has received substantial attention from governments to target carbon neutrality by 2030, highlighting the attractiveness of climate finance that comes across the fields from micro with corporate behavior to macro perspectives. In this chapter, I provide a systematic review of climate finance, policy uncertainty, and global financial stability through bibliometric analysis based on Web of Science Core Collection for all published peer-reviewed articles from 1900 onward. While uncertainty and financial stability have received long-term increasing attention from scholars since early 1990 to present day at a more constant rate, the scientific world has shown its high attention to climate finance during periods of crises since the 2008 global financial crisis (GFC), with an exceptional increase since COVID-19. The findings reflect the fact that we care (think) more about climate (stability) issues when crises emerge. The findings provide critical implications for market behavior and the world’s transition to SDGs where climate finance and global financial stability are open to many angles to be explored through the world’s times of uncertainty.